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The Supreme Court appears deeply divided about whether it can address partisan gerrymandering and come up with a standard to decide when politicians go too far in using politics to draw congressional districts that benefit one party over another.Hearing a case on Wednesday challenging a district in Maryland, several of the justices suggested that the issue could be addressed by the courts, but grappled with how to devise a manageable standard to govern future legislative maps.How the court rules could dramatically impact future races, as Democrats try to win back the House amid widespread unhappiness at President Donald Trump. Recently a state court in Pennsylvania redrew congressional districts there, possibly serving to erase the Republicans' 12-6 district advantage.Wednesday's case was brought by a group of Republican voters in Maryland who say Democrats went too far in redrawing districts after the last census.At one point during their one hour of oral arguments, Justice Stephen Breyer wondered whether the court should take the two challenges it has already heard dealing with maps in Wisconsin and Maryland, and another case out of North Carolina and hold arguments again next fall.The suggestion could have interesting implications if Justice Anthony Kennedy, who has been considering retirement and could be a key vote in the case, were to step down at the end of this term.On the issue of partisan gerrymandering, Breyer acknowledged that there seemed like "a pretty clear violation of the Constitution in some form" but he worried that the court needed a "practical remedy" so that judges would not have to get involved in "dozens and dozens and dozens of very important political decisions."Justice Elena Kagan pointed to the case at hand and said that Democrats had gone "too far" and took a "safe" Republican district and made it into a "pretty safe one" for Democrats. She referenced a deposition that then Democratic Gov. Martin O'Malley gave where he said his intent was to create a map "that all things being legal and equal, would nonetheless be more likely to elect more Democrats rather than less."Kagan asked a lawyer for Maryland, "How much more evidence of partisan intent could we need?"Breyer seemed to urge his more conservative colleagues to step in, for the first time, and devise a framework for how to address gerrymandering.Pointing to the particular facts in the case he said, "We will never have such a record again.""What do we do, just say goodbye... forget it," Breyer asked.The challengers say former Democratic Gov. Martin O'Malley led the charge to redraw the lines to unseat long-time GOP incumbent Rep. Roscoe Bartlett. They argue that Democrats diluted the votes of Republicans in the district by moving them to another district that had a safe margin for Democrats.In 2010, Bartlett won his district with by 28 percentage points, but he lost after the new maps were drawn in 2012 by 21 percentage points.But Justice Samuel Alito seemed to be on the other side of the spectrum and said, "Hasn't this Court said time and again you can't take all consideration of partisan advantage out of redistricting?"Justice Anthony Kennedy, whose vote could be critical, did not tip his hand but indicated that the current map, no matter what happens in the court, would have to be used in the next cycle.While the Supreme Court has a standard limiting the overreliance on race in map drawing except under the most limited circumstances, it has never been successful in developing a test concerning political gerrymandering. If the justices do come up with a standard, it could reshape the political landscape.In court, Michael Kimberly, a lawyer for the challengers, said that the Democratic politicians violated the free speech rights of voters by retaliating against them based on their party registration and prior voting history.He said that government officials may not "single out" a voter based on the votes he cast before.Maryland Solicitor General Steven Sullivan defended the map and suggested that the courts should stay out of an issue that is "inherently political." He argued that if the challengers prevail in their First Amendment challenge, it will mean that any partisan motive by political players would constitutionally doom all district maps.Justice Neil Gorsuch, appearing to agree with Sullivan, noted that the maps had been approved by the legislature.The challengers suffered a setback in the lower court when a special three-judge panel of federal judges refused to issue a preliminary injunction.Last year, the Supreme Court heard a similar political gerrymandering case in Wisconsin.That case was a statewide challenge brought by Democratic challengers to Republican-drawn state legislative maps. Challengers rely on both the First Amendment charge and say the maps violated the Equal Protection clause of the 14th Amendment.It is unclear why the Supreme Court added the Maryland case to the docket after hearing arguments in the Wisconsin case. 5026

The Sinaloa drug cartel, once run by one of the most wanted men in the world, El Chapo, has made its way to Northeast Ohio. It's a drug-trafficking ring moving large amounts of drugs from Mexico onto the streets."I don't think people understand how significant and embedded it is in Northeast Ohio," said Keith Martin, Assistant Special Agent in Charge of Cleveland's Drug Enforcement Administration. Authorities recently found a stash house in a Maple Heights neighborhood and another on Cleveland's west side. "The unfortunate fact is the drugs on our streets come from somewhere. Coco plants don't grow in Cleveland. Poppy plants don't grow in Parma, they come from somewhere else. They are, increasingly, in almost every case, the drugs are coming from Mexican cartels," said Justin Herdman, U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Ohio. A three-year long DEA investigation, dubbed "Operation Loaded Deck," focused on taking down the local arm of the notorious Sinaloa cartel. During the investigation, authorities seized large quantities of heroin, cocaine and fentanyl, some of which were concealed in hidden compartments in cars. The drugs were moved across the U.S.-Mexican border and transported in these cars outfitted with secret traps. "Often times they'll go to great lengths, whether they've constructed a trap in a vehicle or a natural void in the vehicle," Major Gene Smith with the Ohio State Highway Patrol said.Just as astonishing, Cartel members were hiding in plain sight the whole time, even taking in a Cavaliers game — courtside."These aren't street-level dealers, they were dealing in massive quantities and, in return, huge amounts of cash," Herdman said. By the end of the investigation, 29 kilos of cocaine, eight kilos of heroin, a kilo of fentanyl and four pounds of marijuana were seized, along with nearly 0,000, guns, vehicles and dozens of cell phones. Operation Loaded Deck ended with 19 people sent to federal prison for their roles in the drug trafficking organization. 2115

The United Kingdom says it will be the first to conduct COVID-19 vaccine human challenge trials.It's different than other vaccine studies. People will be deliberately infected with the virus, which speeds up the research process.Pending approval, the process will start in January at a London hospital. It will require about 90 healthy young adults between the ages of 18 and 30.The group 1 Day Sooner has recruited from all over the world, including 3,000 Britons.“If the vaccine works, then ideally, people don't get infected and if people do, then they will be closely monitored and treated, but because these are young and healthy people taking part in the trial, I think, researchers feel comfortable doing so because the risks of death are on par with something like kidney donation for people who are young and healthy,” said Abie Rohrig with 1 Day Sooner.Before researchers test the vaccine, they'll do a characterization study. That's where volunteers are infected by getting a vaccine to determine the right amount of virus to give during the trial.Because of the risk, 1 Day Sooner is advocating for the entire process to be made public.Results could come in May. Even though that's likely after other COVID-19 vaccines are licensed, it's still important because we need billions of doses and because of the unique data human challenge trials provide.“Researchers can understand how the virus works in the human body. They can understand the biological markers of immunity. In fact, much of our understanding of other types of coronaviruses come from challenge studies that were conducted in the 1960s in Britain,” said Rohrig.Human challenge volunteers are paid and monitored for at least a year after. 1722

The Trump administration supports reopening schools this fall, in addition to sending 125 million reusable masks to school districts they released new guidance this week for districts to reopen safely.The Schools Should Reopen Safely policy is based on three assumed facts by the administration: that prolonged school closures cause harm, children are at low risk for serious illness from Covid-19, and that educating children is a top national priority.President Trump attended a discussion Wednesday about getting children back to school where the policy was discussed with administration leaders, medical experts and educators. Some of the speakers referenced how the coronavirus pandemic has provided an experiment for virtual learning.“But the virtual learning is not like being in a classroom, and we’ve learned that, I think, very strongly — in almost all cases. People thought for a long time that would be the answer but it’s — that’s not the answer. The answer is an old-fashioned one,” President Trump said.The recommendations encourage the use of masks and social distancing, as well as educating students, teachers and staff about Covid-19 symptoms. They follow guidance released earlier this year from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.The document lists eight recommendations for schools:Ensure all students, teachers, and staff understand the symptoms of COVID-19 and its risk factors.Require all students, teachers, and staff to self-assess their health every morning before coming to school; if they are symptomatic they should consult their physician.Encourage frequent handwashing or hand sanitizing during the school day, beginning upon entrance to the school, by ensuring that handwashing facilities are widely available throughout the school.Minimize large indoor group gatherings; hold large gatherings outdoors whenever possible.Maintain high standards of hygiene and ventilation within all classrooms, including keeping windows and doors open and running fans and AC units whenever possible.Require students, teachers, and staff to socially distance around high-risk individuals.Encourage the use of masks when social distancing is not possible.Liberally post instructions regarding hygiene and social distancing around the school.There are also recommendations for high-risk teachers and students, including giving these individuals options to stay home.“Provide high-risk students, or students who have high-risk family members, the choice to stay home and engage in distance learning,” the guidance states.The policy is a set of recommendations and not mandatory for schools to reopen. States and districts are able to make their own decisions. 2694

The US Forest Service hopes families will want to end 2020 with a live tree, preferably one cut from a national forest.Cutting down a Christmas tree is a tradition for many, and a healthy tradition for the forests as smaller trees get thinned out.“By cutting your own tree, you take an active part in managing your national forests,” according to the US Forest Service webpage.Tree hunters should look for an area of tightly-knit, dense trees and pick one from there. This will in turn give the surrounding trees more space to grow, Hillary Santanez, recreation event coordinator with the White River National Forest, explained to KMGH.Thinning the forests in this fashion reduces competition for resources and nutrients so the other trees can grow stronger and healthier, Santanez said. It also helps the trees handle stressful environmental situations, such as drought. In addition, thinning dense forests can help with wildfire mitigation.Families who have a fourth or fifth grader can get a free permit from the Every Kid Outdoors initiative through the US Forest Service. Otherwise, permits to cut down a tree in a national forest run to depending on the park. Permits are required. All permit sales are online for 2020, along with maps, how to select a tree, guidance for cutting it down and safety reminders. Like, dressing for the cold, possibly dark and snowy forest conditions. The different parks have different rules about where a Christmas tree can be cut down from, usually it has to be about 200 feet from roads and campgrounds."You want to make sure that you're not trespassing on private property, so going onto our website and downloading a map is essential so that you can make sure that you're staying on forest land because a lot of the forest land, especially in the Front Range area, is really adjacent to private property, and you have to make sure that you're following the law while you're up there," Pike and San Isabel National Forests and Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands Public Affairs Officer Crystal Young told KOAA News.There are height and trunk size requirements as well to make sure tree hunters are taking the smaller trees to help thin out forests. Find details on the US Forest Service website. 2258

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