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GUILIN, (Guangxi), Feb. 14 (Xinhua) -- China will tighten water resources management and take measures to reduce waste to cope with worsening water shortage, Water Resources Minister Chen Lei said here Saturday.     Water shortage impelled us take into consideration of overall economic and social development and economical use of water resources to ensure sustainable economic and social development, Chen said at a national conference in Guilin, in southern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.     China is planning to reduce water consumption per unit of GDP to 125 cubic meters by 2020, down 60 percent from now, Chen said.     Water consumption averaged 229 cubic meters per 10,000 yuan worth of products, according to statistics provided by the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) at the end of 2008. That figure was down 10 percent compared with the previous year.     Statistics released Saturday showed the country lacked 40 billion cubic meters of water every year, with almost two thirds of cities suffering various levels of water shortages.     More than 200 million rural people face drinking water shortages.     At the same time, farmland stricken by drought reached 230 million mu (15.3 million hectares) every year, nearly 13 percent of the total farming area.     The most severe drought in half a century, which is hitting China this spring, affected 111 million mu of crops so far, with 4.68 million people and 2.49 million livestock threatened by water shortages, according to official statistics from the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters.     "We must take strict measures to preserve water resources in the face of the severe lack of water worsened by factors such as overuse, pollution and drought ," Chen said.     The ministry also expected to increase 79.5 billion cubic meters of water resources by 2020 and secure water supplies for both urban and rural people.     Chen proposed reinforcement of laws and regulations on water allocation, consumption and preservation as a fundamental way to achieve this goal.

BERLIN, Feb. 24 (Xinhua) -- A business delegation of about 200 Chinese entrepreneurs arrived here Tuesday night, starting their four-state procurement tour in Europe.     The delegation, led by Commerce Minister Chen Deming and composed of state-owned, joint venture and private companies from various industries, are expected to sign deals of purchasing automobiles, machinery, aircraft engines, railway equipment and components with companies from Germany, Switzerland, Spain and Britain.     The trip is a follow-up action for the agreements Premier Wen Jiabao reached with his counterparts during his visit to the four European countries early this month.     "We come here in according with the agreements Premier Wen and the leaders from the four countries had made," Chen told Xinhua atthe Tegel Airport after he landed in Berlin.     Germany is the first leg for the Chinese delegation, and the Chinese trade officials and business leaders are to hold negotiations with their German counterparts on Wednesday.     "I believe we will have our pockets fully packed this time, and I also believe our procurements would help inject some energy into the slump economy of Europe," Chen said.     "I hope we can achieve a lot, I also hope we can get good technology standards and reasonable prices for our procurement," he said.     European Union (EU) is the biggest trading partner of China and China is the EU's second biggest trading partner. Germany is the biggest trading partner of China within the EU. According to official data released by the German side, the trade volume from January to November 2008, the trade volume between Germany and China hit 85.637 billion euros (about 109.52 billion U.S. dollars),up 10.8 percent.

BEIJING, Feb. 11 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council, or Cabinet, adopted a stimulus plan Wednesday for the shipbuilding industry at an executive meeting chaired by Premier Wen Jiabao.     The meeting said shipbuilding is a modern, comprehensive industry that provides technical equipment for transportation, maritime development and national defense. Supporting shipbuilders would also help other sectors, including steel, chemicals, textiles, light industry, equipment manufacturing and information technology, it said. New orders for domestic shipbuilders are expected to fall to 20-30 million deadweight tons in 2009, compared to 58.18 million deadweight tons in 2008, according to the China Association of National Shipbuilding Industry    The meeting agreed to increase credit support by an unspecified amount for ship buyers. It also decided to extend the existing financial support policies for oceangoing vessels until 2012. These policies include tax rebates on key imported components for domestically owned oceangoing ships.     It said construction of new docks and the expansion of slipways should be suspended for three years to facilitate industrial restructuring.     It also recommended investment in research and development of facilities to build high-technology ships and maritime engineering equipment and promote technical innovation.     The meeting also approved a draft plan for fighting drought. 

BEIJING, April 11 (Xinhua) -- Credit extended by China's banks in the first quarter hit 4.58 trillion yuan (670 billion U.S. dollars), the People's Bank of China (PBOC) said Saturday.     In March alone, new yuan-denominated loans increased 1.89 trillion yuan. It was the third straight month that new loans exceeded 1 trillion yuan.     "It is not beyond market expectations. The increase was boosted by the 4-trillion-yuan stimulus plan and showed the possibility of a faster economic recovery in China compared with other countries," said Zhang Qizuo, vice director of China International Economy Society.     Premier Wen Jiabao said on March 5 at the opening of the annual session of the National People's Congress, China's legislature, that new yuan-denominated loans this year were expected to reach 5 trillion yuan.     Historical data show the first-quarter bank credit usually accounts for more than 60 percent of the year's total.     "There is a time lag between the credit increase and actual use of capital, but the big increase will surely lay a solid foundation for the recovery of the real economy," said Zhang.     In the first quarter, the central bank withdrew 47.3 billion yuan from circulation, 78.5 billion yuan more than the same period of last year.     "The increase in currency withdrawal from circulation showed the central bank was carefully watching the credit growth," said Yuan Gangming, an economist with Tsinghua University.     Zhuang Jian, an economist at the Asian Development Bank, said the regulators should pay attention to the quality of new loans and prevent bad loans.     By the end of February, non-performing loans by Chinese banks totaled 1.53 trillion yuan, 17.5 billion yuan less than the start of the year.     The structure of credit growth was also improving. The proportion of bill financing fell to about 22 percent in March from 47 percent in February, though still much higher than the average of 5 percent.     "The decline in bill financing is a good sign. It means company activities are increasing and the credit's impact on the economy is strengthening," said Zhuang.     Through March, the M2 figure -- a broad measure of money supply,which covers cash in circulation and all deposits -- grew 25.5 percent from a year earlier to 53.06 trillion yuan.     The narrow measure of money supply, M1 (cash in circulation pluscorporate current deposits), was up 17.04 percent year on year to 17.65 trillion yuan.     "The fast rebound of M2 indicates China's liquidity is abundant. This is very important to the economic recovery. The sharp rise of M1 shows companies are increasing spending on investment and management." said Zhang Bin, an economist with Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

LIAOYUAN, Jilin Province, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- From March to September last year, 48-year-old Li Guizhi visited the detention house of the Liaoyuan City in northwestern Jilin Province five times, asking detainees whether they had been tortured.     Her question list also included: "Do you know you have the right to ask lawyers?", "Do you have enough food every day?", "Are you taken to see a doctor when you are not well?".     Li, a community director of the Nankang Street of the Longshan District of Liaoyuan, was in her spare time a public inspector of detention houses. It means she could randomly select time to visit local jails and randomly choose detainees to talk to.     She was also entitled to inspect the jails' condition and examine the jails' records so as to ensure that custody procedures were in line with the law and detainees were not treated inhumanely.     As the first pilot city of the detention inspection system in China, Liaoyuan had 20 public inspectors like Li. They were doctors, teachers, entrepreneurs, civil servants or community workers. Meanwhile, they were either local legislators, political advisors or "people's supervisors", a voluntary post to oversee jurisdiction. They were recommended to be selected as public inspectors thanks to their legislation or public working experience.     These inspectors who had received legal training would put forward proposals for improvements after each tour of the detention house which, therefore, would be obliged to ameliorate its living or working conditions accordingly.     This year, the pilot program continued to be unfolded in Jinzhong of northern Shanxi Province and Zhang Jiagang of eastern Jiangsu Province. More cities would be added to the list.     The Research Center of Litigation System and Judicial Reform under the Beijing-based Renmin University of China was the organizer of the program in China.     Sponsored by the European Union, the program was part of a package of cooperation agreements in political, legal, cultural and economic fields. Legal cooperation between China and Europe covers areas such as the death penalty, anti-torture and professional training of judges and prosecutors.     Chen Weidong, a professor with the Renmin University who was in charge of the program, told Xinhua that treatment of detainees, to some extent, reflected the level of protection of the public's rights and interests.     "Through the introduction of public supervision, which is more independent, to oversee the detention place exercising its power, the system is conducive to ensuring that prisoners are treated in accordance with the law," he said.     China signed the United Nations Convention against Torture in Dec. 1986 which ensured that torture was a criminal offence. "Parties must promptly investigate any allegation of torture, and victims of torture must have an enforceable right to compensation," it said.     In addition, the UN passed in 2002 the Optional Protocol to the Convention, which encourages the establishment of an international inspection system for places of detention.     Currently, more than 20 countries, mainly European nations, have set up the system. Many other developed countries, including the United States, have not established such a system.     According to the Chinese law, law makers and political advisors were entitled to patrol detention places, reflecting parliament's and political advisory bodies' supervision over administrative organs.     Over the past few years, Chinese procuratorates had set up the "people's supervisor" system, in a bid to prevent injustice amid law execution. Most procuratorates of the country had selected people's supervisors.     However, the Supreme People's Procuratorate statistics show Chinese procuratorates punished 930 government workers in 2006 who illegally took people into custody and extorted confessions by torture.     Chen said in the past, supervision was mainly institutional, such as recording and videotaping, and asking lawyers to be present, when interrogating suspects.     "Public supervision, which we currently advocate, enables the public to gain a close and independent observance of the detention places, the result of which is more convincing and can help improve China's image in protecting human rights," he added.     Chen said the inspection system examined many factors, ranging from living conditions of detention places to the fulfillment of various legal rights and interests.     "It neither depends on high-tech equipment nor is confined to the number of legal workers or the time of working, so it can be promoted in any region with any economic situation," he added.     However, a survey about the pilot program, conducted by the Renmin University, showed that detectives generally opposed to the system, saying inspection activities in detention places would "disturb their working plans and easily allow detainees refuse to confess".     Many lawyers believed the "independent" inspection should be worthy of the name, which means detention house staff should be absent when inspectors talked to detainees. It could alleviate detainees' pressure.     TO BE PROMOTED NATIONWIDE     As a main propeller of the program in Liaoyuan, Wang Wensheng, the chief procurator of the Liaoyuan People's Procuratorate, admitted, "All reform will face resistance, risks and blame."     Chen said local officials' open-mindedness and achievements of local judicial reform was considered as key factors in selecting pilot cities. Liaoyuan was an outstanding example.     The first phase of the program, which started as early as 2006,ended last year. The second phase, with Jinzhong and Zhang Jiagang cities added to the list, aimed to find out if the system would be feasible in the country's hinterland and economically prosperous regions.     The project team hoped the system, which was considered as an innovation of China's judicial reform, could be promoted nationwide, but no timetable could be set at the moment. The project was scheduled to end in 2012.     Cheng Lei, a member of the project group and a post doctorate with the law institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said, "Hopefully, the system can be extended to other parts of the country through legislation. Provincial legislation is easier, such as a law on detention place inspection system in northwestern Jilin Province."     Li Guizhi, the Liaoyuan public inspector, said she felt a great honor when becoming an inspector.     "Such voluntary work, without any payment, should convey a message to the world that China's efforts against torture is in line with international practice," she said.

来源：资阳报