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DENVER, Colorado — Cloud seeding can provide between 5% and 15% more snow to help ski areas, farmers and watersheds in the state, supporters say. "These observations show us that cloud seeding does work," said University of Colorado researcher Katja Friedrich, who has studied cloud seeding inside and outside of a laboratory. She worked with scientists who flew planes near moisture-rich clouds and injected them with silver iodide, a substance that causes moisture to become heavy and fall to the ground as snow. On a radar image, she pointed outlines of snow that later formed. The visible lines matched the pattern the cloud seeding plane had flown in the sky. Cloud seeding in Colorado aims to produce more snow, not rain. Friedrich said it's difficult to quantify how much additional snow is created. Cloud seeding doesn't make more clouds, but supporters believe it gets more snow out of an approaching storm. Planes can be used to seed approaching storm clouds. Ground seeders use propane to heat the air and also used in the mountains and Western Slope. Silver iodide is then added to the warmed air as it rises. The moisture, already in the clouds, bonds to the silver iodide. When it becomes heavy, it falls to the ground as snow. Cloud seeding has been happening for about 70 years in Colorado but is slowed in years when there is heavy snowfall. Cloud seeders operated during the 2018-2019 winter but slowed in places where significant snowpack accumulated. A man who owns a cloud seeding company on the Western Slope said the technology works well. Cloud seeder's viewpoint Cloud seeders dot highpoints in Colorado from the west to central part of the state. Ski areas hire Eric Hjermstad's Western Weather Consultants company to cloud seed early in the season, so there's more natural snow before opening day. He continues seeding until mid-April. He showed off a cloud seeder located at a recreation site north of Leadville. He can remote start the seeder, turn on the propane flame and add the silver iodide. 2040

Dec. 11-14: 10 a.m.-9 p.m.Dec. 15: 9 a.m.-10 p.m.Dec. 16-21: 9 a.m.-9 p.m.Dec. 22: 9 a.m.-10 p.m.Dec. 23: 9 a.m.-9 p.m.Dec. 24 (Christmas Eve): 9 a.m.-6 p.m.Dec. 25 (Christmas Day): CLOSEDGrossmont Center (5500 Grossmont Center Drive) 250

CHICAGO, Ill. – The fight against domestic violence has found a new warrior in a surprising place – the hair salon. And now, more and more states are looking to stylists to spot the signs of victimization. For Joan Rowan, who has been in the salon business for 44 years, the bond between hair stylist and client is strong. “It's a very intimate relationship,” said Rowan. Over the years, she says she’s heard the intimations many times before. “’He'd kill me if he knew how much money I spent. No, you can't cut my hair too short. My husband doesn't like it.’ Those kinds of answers. Suddenly you're asking them like are you OK?” It’s those in-chair conversations that drove her 20 years ago to start training her own staff to recognize the signs of domestic abuse. “They all knew stories and heard it all before. They had had clients who came bruised or hair missing,” said Rowan. Many clients she said appeared sad or afraid. In 2017, Illinois became the first state to require all cosmetologists and salon professionals to complete a one-hour, one-time education course on how to spot the signs of domestic violence and sexual assault. They look for evidence of physical abuse like bruises and cuts or outward behaviors like self-blame, sudden lifestyle changes, and irregular appointments. The law, which went into effect this year, impacted more than 84,000 licensed cosmetologists and estheticians in the state. “We are not trained as reporters or anything like that,” explained Rowan. “All we do is give them a phone number that they can call if they need help.” According to the Professional Beauty Association, Illinois, Arkansas and California, have already passed laws mandating domestic abuse training for cosmetology school students or current salon professionals. Since last year, another six including, Florida, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York and Texas, have attempted to pass similar legislation. For salon owner Susanne Post, it’s personal. “Part of my story is that I’m a survivor of domestic violence myself,” said Post. Two years ago, she helped create a domestic violence training program for Nashville stylists. She says she’s hopeful that her home state of Tennessee will pass a law similar to other states. "In Tennessee, we are the fifth in the nation at the rate that women are killed by men, which is just unbelievable,” she said. “It affects one in four women, and one in seven men.” Joan Rowan says she’s proud to have been part of genesis of the training and the laws that are now spreading to help protect both men and women. “It has saved lives,” Rowan said. “It's real. And it doesn't have to be. And we can all help people get out of trouble.” 2725

NEW YORK, N.Y. – James Lipton, who hosted “Inside the Actors Studio” for many years, has died at the age of 93, according to multiple reports. 156

MARLBOROUGH, Mass. – On an old road in rural Massachusetts, comes a new technology that could change everything about drunk driving – by eliminating it. “Clearly it's a big problem and we need to do something about it,” said Dr. Bud Zaouk, president of KEA Technologies. The company is currently testing alcohol sensors in cars that would prevent a drunk driver from hitting the road. “It's a public-private partnership between the auto industry, all 17 automakers in the U.S. and the federal government,” Dr. Zaouk said. How does it work? There are two technologies: one that measures the level of alcohol in someone’s breath, similar to a breathalyzer. Another device detects alcohol through a touch of fingertips. The technology would allow you to start a vehicle, but if alcohol is detected, that vehicle would not move at all. Outside of the lab, the real-world testing involves using passengers with varying levels of intoxication. It’s more complicated than just getting someone drunk on vodka. “A lot of science actually goes behind that. So, we have something that we call a ‘drink master,’” said Dr. Kelly Ozdemir, director of applied sciences at KEA Technologies. “We can calculate milliliters how much alcohol to give for them.” Kristin Davis is with Mothers Against Drunk Driving. A few days before Christmas 2016, a drunk driver blew through a red light at 55 miles per hour, hitting Kristin’s car. She was 7 months pregnant at the time.“Every time I got in my car after the crash, I would replay it in my head,” she said. “I had to be cut out and I didn't know whether or not my baby had survived until they could get me to the hospital.” Her baby did survive, but she hopes the alcohol sensors can help others avoid the ordeal she went through. “I hope to see it one day as standard as seatbelts and airbags and backup cameras,” Davis said. That day might be coming sooner than you think. A bipartisan bill making its way through Congress, could make alcohol sensors standard in all new vehicles, possibly within the next four years. “This technology can't be optional,” said J.T. Griffin, chief government affairs officer for MADD. “It needs to be in everybody's car for it to be effective.” Back in Massachusetts, the testing to make the alcohol sensors road ready keeps going, in the effort to save the more than 10,000 people killed each year in drunk driving crashes. “We need to make sure that this doesn't happen on our roads and make sure that we're able to save these lives,” Dr. Zaouk said.The first vehicles to see these alcohol sensors installed will likely be government fleet vehicles used by local, state and federal agencies. It’s not clear yet just how much each sensor would end up costing. 2738

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