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The focus of many protests going on around the country is centered around a number of topics. Social Injustice, police brutality, and, more specifically, victims of these, like George Floyd. While each topic is distinct, with its own intricacies, they generally all fall under the same umbrella of systemic racism.But what does that mean exactly?“I think of systems in play that keeps you from being great specifically because of your race,” R. Kweku Smith, a licensed psychologist said. “It’s something that holds you down in a way that appears to be invisible but has very visible results.”“It’s acknowledging the ways in which we have looked at race as part of the institutions that make up our lives,” Monique Liston, Chief Strategist at Ubuntu Research and Evaluation said. “There is no such thing as a race-neutral situation because race is so deeply embedded in what it means to live, to work, and to play. That’s what systemic racism is.”Liston has her Ph.D. in urban education. She says, as a Black woman, she experiences the effects of systemic racism regularly when people discount her expertise in the education field.“I say something about education and I have a Ph.D. in it and people will be like, I don’t think so,” Liston said of how people question her. “There is presumed incompetence, a presumed questioning. That assumption you don’t quite know what you’re talking about.”As a psychologist, R. Kweku Smith looks at the impact experiences, like the one Liston described, can impact the psyche of African Americans.“It weighs extremely heavy,” Smith said. “Part of that racial socialization, part of that talk is a speech that you have [growing up], that you have to be twice as good to get half as far. As a child, imagine the ramifications on your mind and thinking, you hear America is a place for the great, for the free, equal opportunity for all. It’s the contradiction living within it. To be in a place that’s most beautiful, the riches, all of the great things that come with America. Yet, the juxtaposition with all the ugliness that comes in, specifically the people who look [like me], it’s a hard thing to swallow.”Smith says there are examples of systemic racism in almost everything.“When you look at stillbirths, low birth rates, look at detentions and suspensions and special education,” Smith said. “Lower employment, underemployment, prison placement, early deaths. We rank high on all of those. Why is that? It’s systemic racism.”Both Liston and Smith acknowledge some people don’t believe systemic racism exists, despite pointing out the areas where African Americans are impacted disproportionately. They say, because white people don’t physically experience any of these issues on a wide scale, it’s hard to believe it’s true.“If it’s this invisible issue, you don’t have to deal with it,” Smith said. “It doesn’t seem real.”“It’s easy to acknowledge something doesn’t exist when it doesn’t affect you,” Liston said. “It’s denying air exists when I don’t see it. It’s like, OK. True. But, when I go through the science of why you’re breathing, air does exist. The same thing applies to systemic racism. The reason you’re not impacted by it is that it exists.”While Smith’s examples were some big picture issues facing people of color in health, education, and the prison system, Liston gave examples that are more personal and not as complex but still cause challenges.“People being judged by names on job applications,” Liston said. “A name similar to mine, Monique, might be something where, oh we can’t hire her. She’s not someone we’re looking for. Another one is addresses. When you have addresses on job applications, we don’t want someone represented from that neighborhood. It comes into inherently believing I’m incompetent because I'm Black.”Even daily tasks for women like Liston are impacted by systemic racism.“Is it easy for me to buy stuff for my hair at the store?” Liston said. “No. Is it easy for me to buy the makeup I want? Absolutely. If I needed something special for my hair, I had to go someplace else other than where my friends were going. It’s like the world is set up for me to be used to, not being catered to. That’s the difference. The world doesn’t cater to me and I’m used to it. The world caters to white folks and they’re used to that.”In order to better understand what systemic racism feels like, Liston gave the example of swimming.“Tell me about one of your experiences going swimming,” Liston said. “Then, someone says, no you didn’t. That’s not how it felt. That’s not what you experienced.”Liston says, that process repeats itself over and over for people of color. It can take a toll on them mentally, leaving to them feeling their experiences, opinions and really, their existence, doesn’t matter.Even though she joked around about how ridiculous some of her examples are, Liston says it causes a tremendous amount of pain for her. Humor is a coping mechanism for her but it shouldn’t be taken as a reason to further discount her experience as a Black woman.“It’s hard for white folks to reconcile that, amidst an anti-Black world, I can experience joy,” Liston said. “It’s hard to believe. Folks won’t take my story as seriously. [They’ll say], it can’t be that bad. You’re smiling. You’re happy. You’re enjoying life. It’s like, no. If I didn’t, the world would kill me.”It’s why she and Smith are so motivated to try and tear down systemic racism and make the world a more equitable place. Despite their own success, they feel an obligation to break down barriers they faced along the way to achieve that equity.“What you don’t recognize is the level of tenacity, resilience, perseverance to obstacles we have had to go through to be able to get to this point,” Smith said. “What would be the case if everyone had a truly level playing field? When you see systemic racism as a Black person who made it, you see all of your friends and families, who are just as talented as you, but maybe not as lucky to get a second or third chance. Or, maybe one of those obstacles got them in a way it didn’t get you.”In order to eliminate systemic racism and the problems it causes, Liston and Smith both just ask for empathy. To understand the white view of the world isn’t the view of every person in the world and the disadvantages they have faced are very real.“We have different ways oppression affects our lives,” Liston said. “In particular, talking to women, they can articulate what it’s like being in a male-dominated society. Let’s put race on top of that. Being able-ist. People with two arms and legs and can move about are living in a different world than folks who don’t have that. Including mental ability too. Being able to be in a space where that is questioned and adding the race question on top of that usually is the ah-ha moment for people. If it’s true here, it must be true in this circumstance as well.”In order to help, Liston suggests white people have more empathy and most importantly, believe their experiences."Follow and trust people of color, specifically Black women, when they tell you what the situation is," Liston said. "Trust it, read on it, and believe it. Then apply it to your own life. Second, unlearning and understanding what whiteness is. White folks don't do that. They want to learn about all of these culturally responsible things. Really, it's an opportunity for white folks to understand whiteness. If white people understand whiteness, the systemic racism issue can really be addressed quickly. Whiteness shapes the world we live in. Everything from the clothes we wear to what's popular on television or who is promoted at work, what names are popular this year. How the media even tells stories. Understand how whiteness was created, who was allowed to be white and how whiteness permeates society is really a great exercise for white folks to go through."This story was first reported by Shaun Gallagher at TMJ4 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 7976

The contention around the 2020 presidential election is having some ripple effects, one of which is an effect on holiday shopping.Experts believe the delayed results are part of the reason there’s been a drop in holiday shopping, which retailers desperately need. So far, this year has been one of the toughest years for retail, especially brick and mortar stores.First, the pandemic forced closures and even as stores reopened, shoppers were initially hesitant to return to in-store shopping. Now, as holiday shopping starts to ramp up, the contentious presidential election has become a significant distraction for shoppers.“Consumers not knowing how to react have hit the pause button on their spending,” said Greg Portell, lead partner in the global consumer practice of Kearney.Portell believes without a clear winner in the presidential election and also acceptance of that victory, the holiday shopping season will not be what retailers needed.“The risk and uncertainty tied to civil unrest and the randomness of it at times, is really going to dampen consumers going into those locations,” said Portell. “That really takes the momentum out of what was a close recovery to what was traditional shopping patterns.”“Between the pandemic, the election,” said Mark Cohen, “it just doesn’t feel like we are going to have a jolly old Christmas.”Cohen, the Director of Retail Studies at the Columbia Business School, explained consumers need tranquility to spend and some excitement to spend the way they normally would for the holidays.“We’ve got a society of highly anxious, insecure, emotional, and battered consumers,” said Cohen, “None of that looks like it fits into any definition of tranquility.”However, some, like John Copeland with Adobe Analytics, caution against full doom and gloom around holiday shopping.“Typically, the day after an election, consumers slow their shopping a little bit,” said Copeland.Adobe Analytics data, gathered through its market-leading Adobe Analytics tool kit, shows in 2016 consumer spending dropped 14% after the election. After the 2018 midterms, it dropped 6%. So far, the day after this election, the drop was around 12%.However, those like Cohen and Portell expect, as the protests and legal battles over the election continue, even fewer people will want to spend money on shopping.If that starts to prove true, Copeland expects retailers will respond with new incentives for shoppers to start shopping at the “normal” holiday pace.“I think what we will see is retailers do more of what we already expect them to do which is pull their discounts and deals sooner into the season,” said Copeland. 2651

The fossil of a large egg dating from the time of the dinosaurs has been found for the first time on the continent of Antarctica. In addition to its large size and unique location, this discovery is also challenging how scientists think about marine births millions of years ago.The details of the egg and its discovery were published this week in the journal Nature.The egg, measuring 11 inches long and 7 inches wide, was found back in 2011 by Chilean scientists, and sat in Chile’s National Museum of Natural History, labeled only as “The Thing.” David Rubilar-Rogers was one of the scientists who discovered the fossil and works at the museum. He reportedly showed it to every geologist who visited the museum, hoping someone could identify it. Julia Clark from the University of Texas at Austin visited in 2018.“I showed it to her and, after a few minutes, Julia told me it could be a deflated egg!” Rubilar-Rogers said. 933

The Department of Labor reported Thursday that 1.5 million Americans filed initial claims for unemployment during the week ending June 6, bringing a three-month total to about 43 million.Thursday's report marked the tenth straight week of declining unemployment numbers, as every state has begun the process of lifting coronavirus-related lockdowns.The report also comes a week after the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics said the U.S. unemployment rate actually fell a full percentage point — an encouraging sign for the economy.But despite last week's report, weekly unemployment claims remain historically high.Prior to the pandemic, the record high for weekly unemployment claims came in 2006, when 665,000 people filed for unemployment. The Department of Labor has been tracking the statistics since 1967.Economists often use weekly unemployment claims as a reliable tool when predicting unemployment. However, some surveys indicate that weekly initial claims may be underestimating the amount of those unemployed.At least one survey from the Economic Policy Institute found that millions of Americans gave up trying to seek benefits or didn't even attempt to due to states' overwhelmed and antiquated unemployment systems.Despite the staggering unemployment figures, the stock market has been on a steady rise since reaching a four-year low in March. Markets have been buoyed by stimulus from both the Federal Reserve and Congress, as well as encouraging reports from health experts regarding the potential development of a COVID-19 vaccine. 1553

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is now publicly acknowledging people can be infected with the coronavirus through airborne transmission, especially in enclosed spaces with inadequate ventilation.The update embraces growing evidence and international research showing the coronavirus can linger in the air longer - for minutes and hours - and travel farther than six feet.The update comes two weeks after the official CDC website was updated to reflect this, only to be removed a few days later with the agency saying it was “posted in error” before it was fully reviewed.The draft language seemed to imply aerosol or airborne transmission was the main way the coronavirus spreads, and the CDC says that is not the case.“Infections occur mainly through exposure to respiratory droplets when a person is in close contact with someone who has COVID-19,” the CDC states.Their added section is titled “COVID-19 can sometimes be spread by airborne transmission,” and includes information about smaller particles lingering in the air after an infected person had left the space. "Some infections can be spread by exposure to virus in small droplets and particles that can linger in the air for minutes to hours," it reads.“There is evidence that under certain conditions, people with COVID-19 seem to have infected others who were more than 6 feet away. These transmissions occurred within enclosed spaces that had inadequate ventilation. Sometimes the infected person was breathing heavily, for example while singing or exercising,” the new section on the CDC’s website reads. “These transmissions occurred within enclosed spaces that had inadequate ventilation.”The World Health Organization changed their guidance in July and noted the prevalence of airborne transmission of coronavirus and particles lingering in the air. Hundreds of scientists encouraged the WHO to make the acknowledgement following research and studies. 1943