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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

BEIJING, Jan. 12 (Xinhua) -- China's National Marine Forecasting Station on Tuesday issued an alarm on sea ice as it was developing fast off the country's eastern coast.     In the following week, the floating chunks of ice could extend up to 90 nautical miles off the coast of Baohai Sea and 25 nautical miles in the northern Yellow Sea. The ice thickness could measure up to 40 cm, the station said.     The station warned of threats to port infrastructure, transportation and maritime operations. Fishing boats are seen trapped by sea ice in Laizhou Bay, east China's Shandong Province, Jan. 12, 2010. The most severe icing situation in the past 30 years in the coast off Shandong Province continued to worsen amid cold snaps. Sea ice appeared last week along the coastline of the Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea as cold fronts pushed the temperature down to minus 10 degrees Celsius    The worst sea ice in the past 30 years appeared from early Jan. along the coastline of the Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea as cold fronts pushed the temperature down to minus 10 degrees Celsius and below.     Sea ice in the Liaodong Bay nearly doubled to 71 nautical miles Tuesday from 38 nautical miles on December 31.     With another cold front expected this week, the sea ice along the coastline would further develop, the station said.

BEIJING, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- Access to finance for China's small enterprises generally improved in 2009, but still was not good enough, said the country's top banking regulator on Tuesday.Outstanding loans to small Chinese enterprises added to 5.8 trillion yuan (849 billion U.S. dollars) as of the end of 2009, China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) said in a statement posted on its website.The figure accounted for 22 percent of total corporate loans by the end of last year, 1 percentage point higher than a year ago, said the CBRC.The CBRC data showed that the growth rate of new loans to small enterprises in 2009 was 5.5 percentage points higher than that of the total corporate lendings and 0.61 percentage higher than all lendings.China has set a target of keeping the growth rate of new small business loans higher than that of all loans in 2010, and the amount of new loans should be bigger than the previous year, said the CBRC."Small enterprises" in China refers to those with assets worth less than 10 million yuan or annual sales less than 30 million yuan, according to a CBRC document.Last December, China promised to help improve the financing mechanisms to help small and medium enterprises (SMEs), as they were worst hit by the financial crisis and have had difficulty securing loans as commercial lenders preferred state-owned enterprises and large key projects, as the risk was not as great.SMEs refers to enterprises whose annual business revenue is below 300 million yuan. But in retail and accommodation industry, the maximum annual business revenue is 150 million yuan for an SME.

BEIJING, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- China's large textile businesses took in 133.15 billion yuan (19.57 billion U.S. dollars) in profits in the first 11 months of last year, according to figures released by the China Textile Industry Association.The profits were up by 25.39 percent year on year, 36.40 percentage points more than that in the Jan.-Feb. period.The industry posted a total production value of 3.43 trillion yuan and 3.35 trillion yuan in sales value, each up by 9.71 percent and 9.82 percent as all major products saw production rise.The industry also witnessed a slow recovery in export. In the 11 months, garment export fell by 11.02 percent to 154.1 billion U.S. dollars, but the drop narrowed by 0.19 percentage points compared to the first 10 months.By contrast, domestic sale accounted for 79.89 percent in the total sales, up by 3.15 percent.

BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- China expects its economy to grow around 8 percent in 2010 from a year earlier, says a report delivered by Premier Wen Jiabao at the annual parliament session Friday.Setting the 8-percent target mainly "aims at ensuring the quality of economic growth, focusing on transformation of economic growth pattern and adjustment of economic structure," says the report submitted to the National People's Congress (NPC), the country's top legislature.The increase of consumer price index, a main gauge of inflation, will be held around 3 percent, says the report.Although the development environment this year may be better than 2009, China "will still face a complicated situation," reads the report. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a government work report during the opening meeting of the Third Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2010The year of 2010 will be a "crucial but complicated" year for China's economic development as the country will continue fighting against the global financial crisis while maintaining a stable and comparatively fast economic growth and accelerating transformation of growth pattern, according to the report.Peter Trebitsch, a reporter from Hungarian News Agency Corporation, said he is sure that China will hit the growth target."If China sets 8-percent, it will be," Trebitsch said.He noticed that instead of only focusing on expansion, China is giving more attention to quality of growth.He noted, however, the key of economic development pattern transformation lies in implementation of policies in lower level governments."China is going to depend more and more on its own market, thus it has to take care of its people and domestic economy," said Trebitsch."Considering the circumstances that many countries are still suffering considerably, the target of 8 percent growth can leave room for Chinese people to improve their living standards," said Francois Jackman, counselor with Embassy of Barbados in China.As the first country emerging from the global economic downturn, China's gross domestic product (GDP) rose 8.7 percent in 2009 from a year earlier, above the 8-percent target the government set at the beginning of last year.China's quarterly economic growth accelerated as the government's economic stimulus package started to pay off. The national economy rose 6.2 percent in the first quarter last year, 7.9 percent in the second quarter, 9.1 percent in the third and 10.7 percent in the fourth.