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BEIJING, Sept. 23 (Xinhua) -- A defunct U.S. satellite is expected to crash down to Earth Friday, with nobody knowing where or when exactly it will hit. This was avoidable, a Chinese expert said Thursday.Pang Zhihao, a researcher from the Chinese Research Institute of Space Technology, told Xinhua that the crash could have been avoided had the satellite been put into a higher orbit, or manipulated to drop in the South Pacific when it had abundant fuel. It would pose no threat to Earth if these measures had been taken.NASA's tumbling, 5,900 kg Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, or UARS, is the first of such man-made space vehicles that have been launched into outer space according to the agency's Mission to Planet Earth. The mission was launched in the 1990s.The mission is designed to provide data for better understanding Earth's upper atmosphere and the effects of natural and human interactions on the atmosphere.The satellite was deactivated in 2005 as it ran out of fuel and was left orbiting Earth like a big piece of space junk.There are other cases of defunct satellites. The European Space Agency said earlier its observation satellite ERS-2 has run out of fuel and is deorbiting. It would therefore also crash sooner or later.Pang said all countries which are operating space vehicles should take care of their own spacecrafts so that they won't pose any danger.The expert also said that the public need not worry too much.Pang said most spacecrafts will be incinerated upon re-entering Earth's atmosphere, and the debris will mostly likely fall into the ocean or hit an uninhabited area. In addition, a debris tracker is able to give a comparatively accurate prediction where the craft will fall about two hours before it hits Earth, giving residents, if there are any, time to evacuate.He added that there are several ways to minimize the threat of decommissioned spacecrafts, like putting them into higher orbits and crashing them into designated waters.Scientific progress would possibly bring about more ways of dealing with tumbling satellites. Scientists have already been trying to build spacecrafts with degradable materials so that they can self-destruct when re-entering Earth's atmosphere.
SYDNEY, Aug. 2 (Xinhua) -- Australia's general practitioners ( GPs) will not back the idea of routine prostate cancer tests for men as young as 40 despite growing calls for regular screening, the nation's largest professional general practice organization said on Tuesday.Spokesman for the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP), Professor Chris Del Mar said there was not enough solid evidence to suggest major benefits from routine screening and that current tests were unable to detect "nasty" and potentially deadly forms of prostate cancer from ones that will not cause any harm."The problem is you end up treating lots of people who don't need to be treated," Del Mar said, adding that treatment could leave men impotent and with incontinence problems."You will treat 20 times as many people than would have ever been bothered by it. We don't yet know that treating prostate cancer is better than not treating it. We are not sure it does any good and could be doing more harm," he said.On the other hand, Australia's urologists and pathologists both want men aged 40 and over who are worried about developing the disease to be offered tests.The Royal College of Pathologists (RCPA) on Tuesday released an official recommendation on routine screening for men aged 40 and over if they were concerned about prostate cancer.The pathologists argue that blood tests for prostate cancer in men under 50 can predict their future risk of developing the disease by measuring their prostate specific antigen levels (PSA).They say that men with high PSA levels for their age should be tested annually, while those PSA levels are below the average could be tested less frequently.Their call for more routine testing contrasts with recommendations for GPs, whose `Red Book' medical guide does not support regular screening.Instead, it suggests GPs should inform men aged 50-70 of the risks and benefits of screening and only test if the patient requests one.RACGP spokesman Del Mar, who co-wrote the RACGP's recommendations, said while the Red Book was being revised "we are not going to liberalize it".Prostate cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in Australia.About 20,000 cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed each year, with 3,300 men dying.Given the debate around prostate cancer tests, the Royal College of Pathologists wants to work with GPs, urologists and other medical organizations to develop a consensus on how and when to test for the disease, in a similar way to how experts approach breast cancer."It would be a good outcome for prostate cancer if we worked towards developing more of an umbrella document which reflected consensus among different stakeholder organizations. ," RCPA President Paul McKenzie said.
WASHINGTON, July 5 (Xinhua) -- Intake of high levels of folate, a water-soluble B vitamin that occurs naturally in food, may reduce colorectal cancer risk, according to a new study published Tuesday in Gastroenterology, the official journal of the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute. "We found that all forms and sources of folate were associated with lower risk of colorectal cancer," said lead author Victoria Stevens, of the American Cancer Society. "The strongest association was with total folate, which suggests that total folate intake is the best measure to define exposure to this nutrient because it encompasses all forms and sources."Total folate includes naturally occurring food folate and folic acid from fortified foods and dietary supplements.The research team investigated the association between folate intake and colorectal cancer among 99,523 participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort; a total of 1,023 participants were diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 1999 and 2007, a period entirely after folate fortification began. Neither higher nor lower risk was observed during the first two years of follow-up (1999 to 2001), while associations were statistically significantly inverse for the subsequent years (2002 to 2007). The findings of this study add to the epidemiologic evidence that high folate intake reduces colorectal cancer incidence.Folates are essential nutrients needed to make components used for functions required for normal cell growth, including DNA synthesis and repair. Because these processes are critical for cell growth and differentiation, the relationship between folate intake and cancer development has been investigated in several cancers, and most extensively in colorectal cancer.
CANBERRA, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- A rare virus that can be contracted by humans has killed a large number of Victorian pigeons after being detected in the Australian state for the first time, Agriculture Department confirmed on Tuesday.According to the Australian Chief Veterinary Officer, Dr Mark Schipp, the avian paramyxo virus has already started killing some hobby birds, and threatens to spread to Victoria's chicken population.He said the affected birds have died suddenly in large numbers and have sometimes appeared tired or have shown neurological signs such as circling or head flicking before death.He added that the bug can also cause conjunctivitis or influenza-like symptoms in humans."The virus causes only mild, short-term conjunctivitis or influenza-like symptoms (in humans)," Australia Associated Press quoted Schipp as reporting on Tuesday."Human infection with this virus is extremely rare and usually occurs only in people who have close direct contact with infected birds."At this stage, there are no reports of the virus causing disease in wild birds, but the Australian Wildlife Health Network has been asked to monitor the situation.