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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

BEIJING, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- Top Chinese legislator Wu Bangguo on Friday met respectively with Chilean Senate President Jovino Novoa and Russia's Presidential Representative to the Far Eastern Federal District Viktor Ishayev.In a meeting with Novoa, Wu reviewed the four-decade bilateral ties since China and Chile established diplomatic ties in December 1970.As the first South American nation to forge diplomatic relations with China, Chile was also the first Latin American country to recognize China's market status and sign free trade agreement."China would like to work with Chile to maintain high-level contacts, expand trade cooperation and enrich people exchanges so as to advance our all-round partnership," Wu said. Wu Bangguo (R), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), meets with visiting president of the Senate of Chile Jovino Novoa Vazquez in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 5, 2010.Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress(NPC), China's top legislature, pinned high hopes on bilateral legislative ties, calling for enhanced exchanges and cooperation by making use of the effective political dialogue mechanism.Novoa, who was leading a parliamentary delegation for a week-long visit in China, said Chile would never change its course of developing good relations with China no matter what happened in Chile's political landscape.Novoa said the National Congress of Chile would like to work with NPC to boost bilateral relations. Wu Bangguo (R), chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), meets with visiting Russia's presidential representative to the Far Eastern Federal District Victor Ivanovich Ishaev in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 5, 2010.In another meeting with Ishayev, Wu underlined the importance of China-Russia relation and called for deeper political trust and stronger strategic coordination.Wu said cooperation between different areas of the two countries accounted for an important position in China-Russia relationship and enjoyed a solid foundation for cooperation.Wu called on both countries to take effective measures to implement the cooperation programs the two sides had agreed and promote cross-border infrastructure and transportation cooperation.Ishayev, who became Russia's Presidential Representative to the Far Eastern Federal District last year, said the Russian government paid much attention to the Far East area, which offered new opportunities for collaboration with China.He proposed enhancing cooperation in the fields of infrastructure, energy exploration and forestry processing, among others, to push for comprehensive exchanges and cooperation between neighboring regions of the two countries and realization of win-win situation.Ishayev, who arrived in Beijing Friday, will meet with heads of departments of energy, transportation and commerce during his stay till next Wednesday.

BEIJING, Feb. 26 (Xinhua) -- The China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC), the banking regulator, said Friday it would introduce four measures to facilitate the development of rural financial institutions.The CBRC would improve supervision of rural financial institutions, strengthen risk management, encourage their adopting effective corporate governance model, and evaluate the quality of their services, said Zang Jingfan, the supervision department director of the CBRC.China approved a total of 172 new-type rural financial institutions, including 148 rural banks, 8 lending firms and 16 rural mutual cooperatives by the end of 2009, according to Zang.Outstanding loans by these institutions totaled 18.1 billion yuan, of which 36 percent went to farmers and more than 50 percent to small businesses, he said.The government has been trying to boost lending to farmers and companies in the countryside, and the CBRC announced last year a plan to set up 1,293 rural financial institutions by 2011 to boost rural development.

SHANGHAI, Jan. 18 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao has called for more efforts to promote independent innovation and upgrading of the industrial structure during his inspection tour to Shanghai which ended Sunday.     Hu visited scientific research bases, industrial parks and workshops of enterprises during the four-day tour, making investigations and research on the transformation of the mode of economic growth and work to promote sound and fast economic and social development. Hu Jintao (2nd L, front), general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, tries the TV and video communication functions of a mobile phone as he inspects Spreadtrum Communications, Inc., in Shanghai, east China, on Jan. 16, 2010. Hu Jintao made an inspection tour in Shanghai on Jan. 14-17Hu stressed promoting independent innovation and making breakthroughs in core technologies. Such breakthroughs would provide strong support for the transformation of the mode of economic growth, he said.     During his visit to Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Ltd., Hu said that the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee had made a strategic decision to develop large passenger aircraft. He expressed hopes that the company stick to independent innovation and succeed at an early date. Hu Jintao (4th R), general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, inspects Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) project, in Shanghai, east China, on Jan. 16, 2010. Hu Jintao made an inspection tour in Shanghai on Jan. 14-17. At the Spreadtrum Communication, Inc., a high-tech company founded by returned overseas students, Hu said independent innovation is the lifeline of a company. He told the company staff "I hope you could make further breakthroughs in core technologies, so as to boost China's communication industry."     Hu also inspected the modern service industry in Shanghai.     When visiting the logistic park of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Hu said logistic industry plays a crucial part in building Shanghai into an international economic, financial, trade and shipping center. Hu Jintao (C), general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, inspects the heavy equipment manufacturing base of Shanghai Electric Group Co., Ltd. ,in Shanghai, east China, on Jan. 15, 2010. Hu Jintao made an inspection tour in Shanghai on Jan. 14-17. At China UnionPay, a joint stock financial service company that has issued more than 2.1 billion bank cards in the country, Hu urged the company to make UnionPay an international brand.     Hu also visited the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility project, Shanghai Electric Group and a creative industrial park.     At the end of the inspection tour, Hu heard the work report by the CPC Shanghai municipal committee and the Shanghai government. He highly appreciated the work in Shanghai in recent years. Hu Jintao (front), general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, tries the bankcard service of China Unionpay (CUP) as he inspects CUP in Shanghai, east China, on Jan. 16, 2010. Hu Jintao made an inspection tour in Shanghai on Jan. 14-17. He called on the cadres and people in Shanghai to stage a "successful, brilliant and memorable" World Expo.     Hu said China should take the international financial crisis as an opportunity to restructure the industry and enhance independent innovation, so as to shift the pattern of economic growth.     Hu also urged to promote energy conservation, emission reduction and eco-protection, as well as to improve people's livelihood, so that the shift of economic growth pattern could benefit the general public. Hu Jintao (R front), general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, shakes hands with young members of the research and development team as he inspects Spreadtrum Communications, Inc., in Shanghai, east China, on Jan. 16, 2010. Hu Jintao made an inspection tour in Shanghai on Jan. 14-17. 

TAIPEI, Feb. 15 (Xinhua) -- Taiwan leader Ma Ying-jeou said Monday that the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) with the mainland is aimed to help Taiwanese people to do business and boost the island's competitiveness.Ma made the remarks in Taoyuan, a northwestern county of the island, at a gathering to mark the Chinese Spring Festival, or Lunar New Year.The ECFA is a wide-ranging economic pact for further normalizing trade and investment ties across the Taiwan Strait, which Ma hopes to sign with the mainland this year to help fuel Taiwan's economic revival.Tariff reduction would promote the sales of goods from Taiwan to the mainland, which will benefit both the Taiwanese businesses and the foreign-funded businesses in Taiwan, Ma said.This will help Taiwan to introduce more foreign investment and grant the island an opportunity to become a hub of economy and trade in the Asia-Pacific region, he said.As the mainland is Taiwan's biggest trade partner, the pact will certainly do more good than harm, Ma said.Ma also attended an ancestor worship ceremony in Majiazhuang, Miaoli County on Monday and said that the ancestors of him and local residents moved from Fufengtang, northwest China's Shaanxi Province, to the island some 2,000 years ago.He also spoke optimistically of the economy situation and expected an economic growth of 4 percent in Taiwan this year.

来源：资阳报