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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A Riverside County woman is facing a maximum penalty of 20 years in prison and a 0,000 fine for smuggling 20 containers of an unregistered Mexican pesticide across the border into the United States, according to the U.S. Attorney's Office in San Diego.Veronica Perez, 40, of Hemet, was convicted Wednesday following a three-day jury trial in San Diego federal court for concealing zinc phosphide in her purse as she attempted to cross the U.S.-Mexico border on July 11, 2019.Ingestion of small amounts of zinc phosphide, which is used to kill rats, mice and other small animals, can cause death in humans, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which says seven drops to one teaspoon of the chemical "would likely kill a 150-pound person."Special Agent in Charge Scot Adair of the EPA's Criminal Investigation Division in California said, "The pesticides involved in this case pose serious public health and environmental dangers. The verdict in this case demonstrates that individuals who intentionally violate smuggling and environmental protection laws will be held responsible for their crimes."A sentencing date was not immediately announced. 1192

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Authorities asked the public today for help in identifying a man who robbed a South Bay financial-services office two weeks ago.The thief handed a demand note to a teller at the Mission Federal Credit Union branch in the 500 block of Telegraph Canyon Road in Chula Vista shortly after 9 a.m. Nov. 27, according to the FBI. In the written message, the robber claimed to have a gun, though none was seen.The bandit, who fled with an undisclosed amount of cash, was described as a roughly 5-foot-7-inch Latino in his 30s or 40s, wearing a white-and-blue-checkered long-sleeved shirt, a blue Chicago Cubs-logo baseball cap and black-framed glasses.Anyone who might be able to help the FBI track down the thief is asked to call the federal agency at (858) 320-1800. 786

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A man who was sentenced to nearly a decade in state prison for crashing a pickup truck over the side of a transition ramp to the San Diego-Coronado Bridge, killing four people and injuring several others when it landed in Chicano Park below, was released from state prison Friday.Richard Anthony Sepolio, 28, was released Friday morning after serving two years and 10 months of his nine-year, eight-month sentence, the San Diego County District Attorney's Office confirmed.Sepolio was convicted by a jury last year of four counts of vehicular manslaughter while intoxicated and one count of DUI causing injury. Prosecutors say he drank prior to getting behind the wheel -- but was found to be below the legal blood-alcohol limit -- was speeding and attempted to cut off another driver just before his truck careened off the bridge and landed in the park below.RELATED: San Diego DA protests early release of driver who plummeted off Coronado Bridge, killing fourThe Oct. 15, 2016, crash killed Annamarie Contreras, 50, and Cruz Contreras, 52, a married couple from Chandler, Arizona; and Hacienda Heights residents Andre Banks, 49, and Francine Jimenez, 46. Seven other people were seriously injured.The DA's Office said the state Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation "surprised" victims and prosecutors on Monday with the notification that Sepolio would be released. CDCR records indicate he was going to be eligible for parole in April.The CDCR cited "various prison credits for good behavior as well as its policy of releasing inmates early due to the COVID-19 pandemic. There were no specific reasons cited related to this defendant," according to the DA's Office."This very early release is unconscionable," San Diego County District Attorney Summer Stephan said in a statement released earlier this week. "CDCR's decision is re-victimizing the family and friends of the four people killed and seven injured who have been devastated by their loss and continue to deal with the financial, emotional, mental and physical trauma caused by the defendant. This inmate continues to deny and minimize the crime by refusing to admit he was speeding and denying being impaired while arguing with his girlfriend on the phone, which resulted in the devastating crash."Deputy District Attorney Cally Bright told jurors Sepolio chose "to drive irritated, impaired and impatient." In addition to having drinks prior to getting behind the wheel, Sepolio was arguing with his girlfriend on the phone just moments before losing control of his truck on the bridge, the prosecutor said.Sepolio testified he was driving on the transition ramp -- a route back to Coronado that he had driven more than 90 times before -- when he sped up to merge in front of another car and lost control. Prosecutors said he was driving between 81 and 87 mph when the crash occurred. 2883

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Mayor Kevin Faulconer announced today that all city-owned property along the San Diego River has been cleaned at least once. The city owns roughly one-third of riverfront property, and employees have removed nearly 99 tons of debris from 32 locations since last September, he said.Faulconer said the cleanup will continue, particularly in regard to outreach and coordination with owners of the remaining two-thirds of land along the river."The San Diego River is one of our most precious natural resources and we must continue to give it the care and attention it deserves," Faulconer said. "While we've cleared all of the city's property once, we still have a lot more work to do, so we're encouraging every property owner next to the river to join our cleanup efforts and help preserve the San Diego River for future generations."City employees have sent letters to 33 private property owners,including several businesses, that collectively own another third of riverfront property. Eight owners have allowed city employees to clean their property.Those who reject city services must clean their property or face fines ranging from 0 to ,000, according to the mayor's office.The remaining third of riverfront property is owned by a nonprofit and various government agencies, including the Metropolitan Transit System,Caltrans, San Diego River Park Foundation, California Department of Fish &Wildlife, U.S. Postal Service and County of San Diego.Rob Hutsel, president and CEO of the San Diego River Park Foundation,lauded city efforts to clean riverfront property."Since this effort began, we have seen a dramatic difference along the river in the city," Hutsel said. "There is less trash, fewer encampments and a new hope that a lasting improvement is being achieved." Cleanup efforts are part of the "Clean SD" initiative, which launched May 2017.So far, crews have removed more than 1,000 tons of litter from illegal dumping hot spots in Ocean Beach, City Heights, San Ysidro, Logan Heights, Paradise Hills, Webster, Mission Beach, Point Loma and Pacific Beach. 2105