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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The National Institutes of Health highlighted research Tuesday out of UC San Diego that could unlock a new way to treat COVID-19.The research reveals new insight into how the coronavirus hijacks cells, and how doctors might be able to set traps or decoys to combat the virus. The findings were published in the journal Cell last month.“It does open up another avenue for a potential treatment,” said UC San Diego distinguished professor Dr. Jeffrey Esko. “It’s not a cure. It would be something that would tamp down infection potentially.”Since January, scientists around the world have understood that SARS-Co-V2, the official name of the new coronavirus, enters cells by latching onto a specific receptor on the cell’s surface, called ACE2.The UCSD team, led by Dr. Esko and visiting scholar Dr. Thomas Clausen, discovered that this entry mechanism is actually a two-step process, and the virus must also attach to a long chain of sugars called heparan sulfate.“We’ve shown this is fundamental to the infectious mechanism, so it needs to be part of every study from now on,” said Clausen.All cells are coated with a complex layer of sugars, or carbohydrates, called glycans. Heparan sulfate is one type of glycan that is known to play a key role in the infection process in several viruses, including herpes and other coronaviruses.It’s a complicated process to picture so the researchers offer an analogy: imagine a bird, soaring over trees, hunting a worm on the forest floor. The bird is the coronavirus and the trees are the thick layer of glycans that coat the surface of the cell.To reach the worm, which in this case is the receptor ACE2, the bird must navigate its way through the trees, specifically through heparan sulfate.The UCSD found that by removing the heparan sulfate trees with an enzyme, they were able to prevent the virus from infecting cells. In laboratory testing, they also found a second technique worked to foil the virus: introducing more trees as bait.The team found that heparin, an FDA-approved drug that is similar in structure to heparan sulfate, successfully acted as decoy. Heparin is a widely used drug designed to treat blood clots. Since blood clots and strokes are common complications with COVID-19, many doctors already administer heparin to patients.The UCSD team demonstrated that the two approaches can block infection in lab-grown cells about 80 to 90 percent of the time.“Certainly in the laboratory you can demonstrate that it works, but to deploy it and use it as a therapeutic has not been demonstrated,” Esko said.The NIH noted that more studies are planned to explore whether heparin, heparan sulfate, or drugs that target heparan sulfate might yield a viable COVID-19 treatment.Dr. Esko said he’s already been in talks with companies that plan to use their study as a rationale for a clinical trial.“It is very humbling when you realize we’re working on a pandemic right now, and maybe what we’ve done can contribute to a treatment for the disease,” he said. 3038

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The debate over whether controversial guest speakers should be invited to a summit on reparations at San Diego State University re-erupted Wednesday after several protesters at a rally in favor of the invitations used anti-Semitic tropes that some witnesses called hate speech."We're all open to objective research on any given topic," Professor Risa Levitt told 10News. "But when hate speech enters the dialogue at a university that touts itself as being a leader in openness, acceptance, and diversity, then I think you do run into a problem."In 2019, the university agreed to fund a summit organized by students to explore the issues of reparations and slavery. One name floated as a potential speaker was Ava Muhammad, a spokesperson for the Nation of Islam who has been accused of anti-Semitism. When her name was suggested, a video was circulated showing her refer to Jews as "parasites" who taught Americans how to oppress freed slaves after the Civil War. When professors spoke out to suggest her invitation would be a mistake, the university said Muhammad would no longer be considered, explaining that the students in charge of the summit had decided she would not be invited.Wednesday's protest was held by the African People's Socialist Party and did not, according to organizers, include SDSU students as speakers, although one professor did speak. They made the case that no summit about reparations would be complete without another controversial leader accused of anti-Semitic remarks, Omali Yeshitela, chairman of the African People's Socialist Party. Yeshitela has previously been a guest speaker at SDSU.However, witnesses to the protest were disturbed by some of the language used, especially suggestions that rich Jewish people secretely run the university. One protestor called on students to boycott the summit to "...send a message to SDSU and their Zionist masters that we stand with Minister Ava and Chairman Omali.""A synagogue was shot 45 minutes from where we are right now," said SDSU student Dylan Meisner, referring to the deadly 2019 shooting at Chabad of Poway. "The argument is we cannot have people coming on campus who are going to say things that directly incite violence against Jewish people."Meisner says most students support free speech and believe that student groups are free to hear from whomever they want. However, he says this is different because the summit is funded by SDSU. "I personally was concerned, and I know many other students on campus were concerned, about the use of our tuition dollars being used to pay for a speech of people who have incited hatred against Jewish people in the past," Meisner said.A spokesperson for San Diego State says any characterization that the university banned, disallowed, or uninvited any speaker on the topic of reparations and slavery is incorrect. She says the details about the summit were only recent submitted by the student organizers and that those plans are currently going through the approval process. 3032

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- The California Department of Motor Vehicles is reminding residents about the looming REAL ID deadline. Starting October 1, 2020, U.S. residents will need a REAL ID to fly domestically or enter secure federal facilities and military bases. The new ID is the result of the 9/11 Commission's recommendation to establish standards for identity verification and security features. In California, a gold bear and star indicates REAL ID compliance. The DMV is also reminding residents about requirements to obtain a REAL ID. Check out the requirements below: One proof of Identity – Original or Certified (Valid passport, birth certificate, etc.)One proof of Social Security number (Social Security card or W-2 form showing entire number)Two different proofs of California Residency showing street address Paper documents required. (Utility or cell phone bill, bank statement, mortgage bill, etc.)Click here for a full list of acceptable application documents. 982

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The debate over whether controversial guest speakers should be invited to a summit on reparations at San Diego State University re-erupted Wednesday after several protesters at a rally in favor of the invitations used anti-Semitic tropes that some witnesses called hate speech."We're all open to objective research on any given topic," Professor Risa Levitt told 10News. "But when hate speech enters the dialogue at a university that touts itself as being a leader in openness, acceptance, and diversity, then I think you do run into a problem."In 2019, the university agreed to fund a summit organized by students to explore the issues of reparations and slavery. One name floated as a potential speaker was Ava Muhammad, a spokesperson for the Nation of Islam who has been accused of anti-Semitism. When her name was suggested, a video was circulated showing her refer to Jews as "parasites" who taught Americans how to oppress freed slaves after the Civil War. When professors spoke out to suggest her invitation would be a mistake, the university said Muhammad would no longer be considered, explaining that the students in charge of the summit had decided she would not be invited.Wednesday's protest was held by the African People's Socialist Party and did not, according to organizers, include SDSU students as speakers, although one professor did speak. They made the case that no summit about reparations would be complete without another controversial leader accused of anti-Semitic remarks, Omali Yeshitela, chairman of the African People's Socialist Party. Yeshitela has previously been a guest speaker at SDSU.However, witnesses to the protest were disturbed by some of the language used, especially suggestions that rich Jewish people secretely run the university. One protestor called on students to boycott the summit to "...send a message to SDSU and their Zionist masters that we stand with Minister Ava and Chairman Omali.""A synagogue was shot 45 minutes from where we are right now," said SDSU student Dylan Meisner, referring to the deadly 2019 shooting at Chabad of Poway. "The argument is we cannot have people coming on campus who are going to say things that directly incite violence against Jewish people."Meisner says most students support free speech and believe that student groups are free to hear from whomever they want. However, he says this is different because the summit is funded by SDSU. "I personally was concerned, and I know many other students on campus were concerned, about the use of our tuition dollars being used to pay for a speech of people who have incited hatred against Jewish people in the past," Meisner said.A spokesperson for San Diego State says any characterization that the university banned, disallowed, or uninvited any speaker on the topic of reparations and slavery is incorrect. She says the details about the summit were only recent submitted by the student organizers and that those plans are currently going through the approval process. 3032

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The International Olympic Committee and Japanese government made an historic announcement Tuesday to postpone the 2020 summer Olympic games in Tokyo due to the coronavirus.Tuesday, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe confirmed on Twitter that the Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic games have been delayed until no later than summer 2021.The announcement left several San Diegan Olympic hopefuls dashed of any immediate Olympic dreams."It's kind of hard to wrap your head around it because you have been training so long for this one moment," Allison Halverson said back in Februaray.Her tone changed Tuesday."I was kind of like, 'Ok. That's good to know.' Now I can kind of refocus and figure out how to train for that," Halverson said.Swimmer Michael Chadwick says the lack of open pools is sidelining any training, making competition right now even less of a possibility."Too much has happened too quickly for us to really understand what the ramifications of it all are," Chadwick said. "We as athletes cannot expect to make a push right now, physically, it's just impossible. Especially with not having a pool open."A new date for the postponed games has not been announced. 1199

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