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JERUSALEM, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) -- A recent study carried out by Israeli researchers showed that the experience of motherhood is caused by alterations in the brain functions that help mothers locate and communicate with their offspring, especially if they are in distress.Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem said the results provide insight into how neural changes in response to odors and sounds help maternal behaviors develop in mothers."We know that distinct brain changes are linked with motherhood, " Dr. Adi Mizrahi, who conducted the research, said, "but the impact of these changes on sensory processing and the emergence of maternal behaviors are largely unknown."Mizrahi and his colleagues examined whether the primary auditory cortex -- a region in the brain that is involved in the recognition of sounds -- might serve to process the responses to their offspring's specific smell and voice.The research proved that the olfactory and auditory senses of female mice with their pups were triggered immediately after they gave birth, with especially strong responses to cries of distress."These processes help to explain how changes in the cortex in the brain facilitate efficient detection of pups," Mizrahi said.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- Data from NASA's Galileo spacecraft have provided scientists evidence of what appears to be a body of liquid water, equal in volume to the North American Great Lakes, beneath the icy surface of Jupiter's moon, Europa, the U.S. space agency announced Wednesday.The data suggest there is significant exchange between Europa's icy shell and the ocean beneath. This information could bolster arguments that Europa's global subsurface ocean represents a potential habitat for life elsewhere in our solar system. The findings will be published Thursday in the scientific journal Nature.Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth's moon, is believed to have a large ocean of salty water deep beneath its frozen crust. Galileo spacecraft, launched by the space shuttle Atlantis in 1989, studied Jupiter, which is the most massive planet in the solar system, and some of its many moons.Pictures of it sent back by Galileo point to a tortured surface of cracks and jumbled ice. Seeking to understand how such weird topography evolved in a place with such dim sunlight, scientists believe that the answer lies in similar processes on Earth.Their model suggests that Europa's ice shell is about 10 kilometers thick and within it are giant pockets of water, lying at depths as shallow as three kilometers. Warm water from these sub-surface lakes wells up in plumes, causing the ice to become brittle, crack and then collapse. The ice turnover would be a plus for the prospects for life, as it would transfer energy and nutrients between the sub-glacial lake and the surface."One opinion in the scientific community has been if the ice shell is thick, that's bad for biology. That might mean the surface isn't communicating with the underlying ocean," said Britney Schmidt, lead author of the paper and postdoctoral fellow at the Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin. " Now, we see evidence that it's a thick ice shell that can mix vigorously and new evidence for giant shallow lakes. That could make Europa and its ocean more habitable.""The data opens up some compelling possibilities," said Mary Voytek, director of NASA's Astrobiology Program. "However, scientists worldwide will want to take a close look at this analysis and review the data before we can fully appreciate the implication of these results."

BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) -- A Foreign Ministry spokesman said on Monday that China welcomes the EU's new measures for coping with the European sovereign debt crisis worked out at the recently-concluded EU summit."We hope relevant measures can help stabilize the market, boost confidence in the market, stop the crisis from worsening, promote employment and economic growth, and push forward European integration," Foreign Ministry Spokesman Liu Weimin said at a routine press briefing.Last Friday at the summit in Brussels, EU leaders agreed on establishing a new "fiscal compact" based on inter-governmental treaties rather than the expected EU treaty changes. Britain opted out of the compact.Under the fiscal compact, member states will have to submit their draft budgetary plans to the European Commission, the EU's executive arm.As world's largest economy, the stable and healthy growth of the European Union and the Eurozone will be crucial to maintaining the momentum of recovery in the world economy, Liu said.China will maintain its support for EU integration, and continue to back the EU's efforts in combating the debt crisis in various ways, so as to jointly promote the stability of the international financial market and the recovery and growth of the world economy, he said."We are confident in Europe and the Eurozone, and believe that the EU has the ability and wisdom to resolve the sovereign debt crisis," Liu said.

BEIJING, Jan. 4 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese currency Renminbi, or the yuan, rose 8 basis points to a record high of 6.3001 against the U.S. dollar on Wednesday, according to the China Foreign Exchange Trading System.In China's foreign exchange spot market, the yuan is allowed to rise or fall by 0.5 percent from the central parity rate each trading day.The central parity rate of the yuan against the U.S. dollar is based on a weighted average of prices before the opening of the market each business day.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 4 (Xinhua) -- Green tea may slow down weight gain and serve as another tool in the fight against obesity, according to U.S. Pennsylvania State University food scientists.Obese mice that were fed a compound found in green tea along with a high-fat diet gained weight significantly more slowly than a control group of mice that did not receive the green tea supplement, said Joshua Lambert, assistant professor of food science in agricultural sciences."In this experiment, we see the rate of body weight gain slows down," said Lambert.The researchers, who released their findings on Tuesday in the online version of Obesity, fed two groups of mice a high-fat diet. Mice that were fed Epigallocatechin-3-gallate -- EGCG -- a compound found in most green teas, along with a high-fat diet, gained weight 45 percent more slowly than the control group of mice eating the same diet without EGCG.In addition to lower weight gain, the mice fed the green tea supplement showed a nearly 30 percent increase in fecal lipids, suggesting that the EGCG was limiting fat absorption, according to Lambert. The green tea did not appear to suppress appetite. Both groups of mice were fed the same amount of high-fat food and could eat at any time."There seems to be two prongs to this," said Lambert. "First, EGCG reduces the ability to absorb fat and, second, it enhances the ability to use fat."A person would need to drink ten cups of green tea each day to match the amount of EGCG used in the study, according to Lambert. However, he said that recent studies indicate that just drinking a few cups of green tea may help control weight."Human data -- and there's not a lot at this point -- shows that tea drinkers who only consume one or more cups a day will see effects on body weight compared to nonconsumers," said Lambert.

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