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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As we approach the November election, all eyes are on a handful of battleground states.That’s because of an election procedure that a lot of people have questions about and one that is unique to presidential politics: the Electoral College.When you fill out a ballot for president, you’re not actually voting for the candidate whose name you see. In California, you’re actually voting for 55 people who you may have never heard of, a “slate of electors,” who turn around and cast the real votes from the state Capitol in December. It dates back to 1787. The Founding Fathers were split on the mechanics of how to elect a president, and “this was the thing that they could all agree on,” said UC San Diego political science professor Daniel Butler.The Electoral College was a compromise between the framers who were leery of giving direct power to the masses and others who opposed having Congress elect the president.“It felt a lot like Parliament, a lot like what the British did, which is not what they were going to do,” Butler said.Article II of the Constitution lays out how it works. Each state gets a number of electors equal to the size of their congressional delegation; their senators and U.S. representatives. California has 55 electors, the most of any state.The Founders set up the Electoral College system under one big assumption: that it would be extremely rare for candidates to actually secure a majority, which today is 270 votes. If the contest ended without a majority winner, it would be decided by Congress.The last election decided by Congress was in 1824. The scenario the Founders predicted might happen once or twice a century has unfolded in every election since.“I think what frustrates many people about the Electoral College is that that majority winner in the popular vote isn’t always who captures the majority in the Electoral College,” said UC San Diego political science chair Thad Kousser.In 2016, then-candidate Donald Trump became just the fifth person in history to win the Electoral College and lose the popular vote, out of 58 presidential elections. It also happened in 2000 in the contest between George W. Bush and Al Gore.The Founders envisioned the Electoral College as a check on the popular vote, able to potentially choose a different candidate than the one favored by the masses, but in practice, electors almost never do that. Most states have laws requiring electors to follow the popular vote.It was big news in 2016 when 10 electors broke ranks in an effort to block candidate Trump, because in every state electors are party loyalists, hand-picked by top leaders. So-called faithless electors have never swung an election.Kousser says for all the recent controversy surrounding the electoral college, there are some major benefits. Because the system empowers states whose electorate is closely divided between the parties, Kousser said it helps mitigate the role of money in politics.“What the electoral college does is it focuses and narrows the playing field to these few battleground states,” he said. “That's where you've got to run ads. That's where you've got to run your campaigns, not in 50 states. If we had to run 50-state campaigns then it would cost billions of dollars to win elections and it would give a huge advantage to whichever side raised the most money.”The other benefit of focusing elections on key swing states is that it pushes the parties more towards the center, Kousser argues. Without the Electoral College, he says candidates would try to “run up the score” and collect as many votes as possible in more populous states like California and Texas that tend to be more politically polarized. 3703

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- California health officials have released new guidance Friday night increasing the limit on the number of households allowed to attend private outdoor gatherings. According to the California Department of Public Health website, the new guidance allows no more than three households to gather outdoors, including hosts and guests, and gatherings should be kept to two hours or less.The new guidance goes into effect in San Diego County on Saturday."Gatherings may occur in outdoor spaces that are covered by umbrellas, canopies, awnings, roofs, and other shade structures provided that at least three sides of the space (or 75%) are open to the outdoors," state health officials said.If the gathering is taking place at someone’s home, guests may use a bathroom inside the residence as long as they are frequently sanitized."The host should collect names of all attendees and contact information in case contact tracing is needed later," state health officials said.The new guidance comes with a reminder that "people at higher risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19 (such as older adults and people with chronic medical conditions) are strongly urged not to attend any gatherings.""Anyone with COVID-19-like symptoms should stay home. If you attend a gathering and develop COVID-19 symptoms within 48 hours of a gathering, you should notify everyone who was there," state health officials said.Attendees need to continue following safety guidance including keeping at least six feet apart from non-household members and wear face coverings."A gathering of no more than three households is permitted in a public park or other outdoor space, even if unrelated gatherings of other groups up to three households are also occurring in the same park or other outdoor space. If multiple such gatherings are occurring, mixing between group gatherings is not allowed. Additionally, multiple gatherings of three households cannot be jointly organized or coordinated to occur in the same public park or other outdoor space at the same time – this would constitute a gathering exceeding the permitted size," state health officials said.READ THE STATE'S NEW GUIDANCE BELOW:Mandatory Requirements for All GatheringsAll persons planning to host or participate in a private gathering, as defined above, must comply with the following requirements. Local health jurisdictions may be more restrictive than this guidance. Refer to your local guidance for what is allowed in your area.1. AttendanceGatherings that include more than 3 households are prohibited. This includes everyone present, including hosts and guests. Remember, the smaller the number of people, the safer.Keep the households that you interact with stable over time. By spending time with the same people, risk of transmission is reduced. Participating in multiple gatherings with different households or groups is strongly discouraged.The host should collect names of all attendees and contact information in case contact tracing is needed later.2. Gather OutdoorsGatherings that occur outdoors are significantly safer than indoor gatherings. All gatherings must be held outside. Attendees may go inside to use restrooms as long as the restrooms are frequently sanitized.Gatherings may occur in outdoor spaces that are covered by umbrellas, canopies, awnings, roofs, and other shade structures provided that at least three sides of the space (or 75%) are open to the outdoors.A gathering of no more than three households is permitted in a public park or other outdoor space, even if unrelated gatherings of other groups up to three households are also occurring in the same park or other outdoor space. If multiple such gatherings are occurring, mixing between group gatherings is not allowed. Additionally, multiple gatherings of three households cannot be jointly organized or coordinated to occur in the same public park or other outdoor space at the same time – this would constitute a gathering exceeding the permitted size.3. Don't Attend Gatherings If You Feel Sick or You Are in a High-Risk GroupAnyone with any COVID-19-like symptoms (fever, cough, shortness of breath, chills, night sweats, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, tiredness, muscle or body aches, headaches, confusion, or loss of sense of taste/smell), must stay home and not come into contact with anyone outside their household.Anyone who develops COVID-19 within 48 hours after attending a gathering should notify the other attendees as soon as possible regarding the potential exposure.People at higher risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19 (such as older adults and people with chronic medical conditions) are strongly urged not to attend any gatherings.4. Practice Physical Distancing and Hand Hygiene at GatheringsFor any gatherings permitted under this guidance, the space must be large enough so that everyone at a gathering can maintain at least a 6-foot physical distance from others (not including their own household) at all times.Seating must provide at least 6 feet of distance (in all directions—front-to-back and side-to-side) between different households.Everyone at a gathering should frequently wash their hands with soap and water, or use hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available. A place to wash hands or hand sanitizer must be available for participants to use.Shared items should not be used during a gathering. As much as possible, any food or beverages at outdoor gatherings must be in single-serve disposable containers. If providing single-serve containers is not possible, food and beverages must be served by a person who washes or sanitizes their hands frequently, and wears a face covering. Self-serve items from communal containers should not be used5. Wear a Face Covering to Keep COVID-19 from SpreadingWhen gathering, face coverings must be worn in accordance with the CDPH Guidance on the Use of Face Coverings (PDF), unless an exemption is applicable.People at gatherings may remove their face coverings briefly to eat or drink as long as they stay at least 6 feet away from everyone outside their own household, and put their face covering back on as soon as they are done with the activity.Face coverings can also be removed to meet urgent medical needs (for example, to use an asthma inhaler, take medication, or if feeling light-headed).6. Keep it shortGatherings should be two hours or less. The longer the duration, the risk of transmission increases.7. Rules for Singing, Chanting, and Shouting at Outdoor GatheringSinging, chanting, shouting, and physical exertion significantly increases the risk of COVID-19 transmission because these activities increase the release of respiratory droplets and fine aerosols into the air. Because of this, singing, chanting, and shouting are strongly discouraged, but if they occur, the following rules and recommendations apply:All people who are singing or chanting should wear a face covering at all times while singing or chanting, including anyone who is leading a song or chant. Because these activities pose a very high risk of COVID-19 transmission, face coverings are essential to reduce the spread of respiratory droplets and fine aerosols;People who are singing, shouting, chanting, or exercising are strongly encouraged to maintain physical distancing beyond 6 feet to further reduce risk.People who are singing or chanting are strongly encouraged to do so quietly (at or below the volume of a normal speaking voice). 7492

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) – Chick-fil-A participating locations will be hosting Military Appreciation Night Wednesday night.The popular chicken chain will be offering a free entrée and activities for all members of the military and their families.Activities at the Chula Vista restaurant on Olympic Parkway include a bounce house, crafts with Home Depot, a game truck, face-painting and a photo booth.The restaurant will be hosting several vendors offering raffle prizes including a barbeque grill, a big-screen TV, gift cards and 25 vouchers for a year’s worth of free Chick-fil-A.    604

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As we continue to work through the pandemic, a couple of Carmel Valley kids are working to spread “some good news” for San Diegans. Brothers Zach and Asher Swazey are putting together their own newscasts.Its called “SGN San Diego.” The newscast is filled with good news.“You want to have something that will affect people in a positive way,” says 13-year-old Zach.The brothers are now working on episode two. They say it was a lot of work putting everything together.“It took us 2-3 weeks,” says ten-year-old Asher. “We went through multiple stages of editing. It took a little of time to make the script and film.”The boys say they were inspired to start SGN San Diego after watching actor and filmmaker John Krasinski on Youtube.The boys say their video is getting more views, but their headline is to make people feel good.“When you’re making a YouTube channel, it’s not about how many likes you get or how many subscribers, it’s how it affects people.”The brothers say their parents are also a big help. If you have any ideas for the boys to put in the newscast, you can send suggestions to somegoodnewssd@gmail.com. 1147

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As President Trump continues his call for a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico, experts say the one already in place is doing an excellent job at deterring illegal immigration.San Diego has had some form of a "wall" for decades. On a tour in June with 10News Anchor Steve Atkinson, Rodney Scott, the Chief of the Customs and Border Protection San Diego Sector, said a lot has changed in the last 20 years."I would argue during the 90s the extreme was total lawlessness," Scott said. "The fence behind me was chain link, riddled with holes."Scott described working as an agent and watching large crowds of people gather near the fence at twilight. They would then run across en masse once it got dark."There was a green flag to come out, and they would all rush when the sun went down," he said.That started to change in the later part of the decade.In 1993, then-President Bill Clinton signed Operation Gatekeeper into law. It was one of three operations to add infrastructure and technology to the border to help curb illegal immigration. Gatekeeper led to the start of the fence that's in place now.CBP says it led to a 75% drop in illegal immigration arrests over the next few years.But Scott said he still saw people making their way across, primarily through the area of the Tijuana River Estuary."Even up until the early 2000s, if you were standing here at night you would have seen little bonfires all over this area," he said. "There were trails as wide as cars, and that was purely from foot traffic."The next wave of border security started in 2006 when President George W. Bush signed the Secure Fences Act. It called for nearly 700 miles of physical fencing along the southern border.Government numbers show the flow of illegal immigrants peaked in the U.S. in 2006, with more than 1,000,000 arrests. In 2018, that number had gone down to around 396,000."That basically started closing the border," said Dr. Alejandra Castaneda, a leading researcher on immigration and the border for El Colegio de la Frontera Norte in Tijuana."Clinton started it, but it was really the Bush administration, especially after 9/11. And then the Obama Administration simply continued that project and finished it," she said.Castaneda said the wall built during that time was meant to be imposing."I think a lot of people in the U.S. that don't live at the border don't know that there is already a wall," she said.Because of Gatekeeper and Secure Fences, right now the U.S.-Mexico border in San Diego has 12 miles of double fencing that stretches from the coast to the Otay Mesa Port of Entry. After that, there are another 43 miles of "primary" fencing into and through the mountains in the eastern part of the county.Scott said the San Diego Sector has become the blueprint for the rest of the border."I call this our proof of concept," he says. "We've proved that border security works. And this is, by far, the most secure part of the U.S. border anywhere in the country." 3000