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Too few new antibiotics are under development to combat the threat of multidrug-resistant infections, according to a new World Health Organization report published Tuesday. Adding to the concern: It is likely that the speed of increasing resistance will outpace the slow drug development process.As of May, a total of 51 antibiotics and 11 biologicals -- medical products often made from natural sources -- are being developed, the new report said."The idea is that biologicals could replace use of antibiotics, which could help in overcoming the resistance problem," Peter Beyer, an author of the report and senior adviser to the WHO's Department of Essential Medicines and Health Products, wrote in an email.Seemingly, this large number of potential new drugs should suffice, yet it is not nearly enough.First, just 33 of the antibiotics in the pipeline target priority pathogens. This year, the WHO published a list of a dozen "priority pathogens": 12 separate families of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health.Among the priority pathogens is a drug-resistant tuberculosis, which kills about 250,000 people around the world each year, and a variety of multidrug resistant strains -- Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and various Enterobacteriaceae -- which are responsible for infections in hospitals and nursing homes and among patients whose care requires ventilators and catheters.Of the 33 potential medicines for treating priority bug infections, only eight are innovative treatments. The other 25 are simple modifications of existing families of antibiotics. At best, then, the 25 will serve as short-term solutions since it is expected bacteria will quickly adapt to and resist these new (though somewhat familiar) drugs, according to the WHO."It is difficult to speculate why companies develop specific new medicines," Beyer noted. "But in general many new treatments do not necessarily constitute advances over existing treatments."TB infections require a combination of at least three antibiotics, according to the new report, yet only seven of the new TB medicines are even in clinical trials. Soon, there will be a serious lack of treatment options for this infection, the report warns.The same is true for gram-negative pathogens, which can cause severe, often deadly infections typically in hospitals and nursing homes.Gram-negative bacteria have more complex cell walls than gram-positive, explained Beyer. "In a nutshell, it is more complex to develop a novel antibiotic that can penetrate the complex gram-negative cell wall and stay inside the bacterium," he wrote.Finally, the WHO sees too few oral antibiotics being developed. These are necessary "to target the critical priority pathogens (and) be accessible in low- and middle-income countries," Beyer noted.To address the problem of developing new antibiotics, the WHO and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative set up the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership. However, new drugs alone cannot combat the threat of antimicrobial resistance. The WHO is also working to improve infection prevention and control while developing guidance for the responsible use of antibiotics."Always seek medical advice before taking antibiotics and then always follow the advice of the health-care professional," Beyer noted.The new report is a "fantastic (and very useful!) summary" of the antibiotic situation, wrote Bill Hanage, an associate professor of epidemiology at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, in an email. Hanage, who has also published studies of antibiotic resistance, was not involved in the new report.Although the risk of getting a completely resistant infection is low in the United States, about 2 million people each year become infected with "resistant enough" bacteria that are harder to treat, Hanage said. And every year, more than 20,000 people die of these infections."More resistant infections don't just mean you or someone you care about is more likely to die from one, they also mean healthcare will get even more expensive," Hanage said. "Many of the procedures we take for granted in medicine, from cancer treatments to surgeries, depend on our ability to handle infections that happen in the course of treatment."The number of new drugs in development is simply not enough, he said."The great majority will not make it into the hands of doctors or your treatment," Hanage wrote. "As the report states, for drugs to be used in humans they have to pass 3 hurdles, the phase 1, 2 and 3 trials. Drugs entering that pipeline have just a 14% chance of getting all the way through to be used in humans." 4676
To contact Team 10 Investigations, email: Team10@10News.comESCONDIDO (KGTV)- A former Home Depot employee says he blew the whistle on serious violations at the store in Escondido, but he was the one who paid the price.James Girsch has worked at Home Depot since 2005, starting as a sales associate. In 2011, he moved to the Escondido location on East Valley Parkway. He initially enjoyed his time working there."[I liked] the customer service interaction, solving the customer problems and issues, and of course, developing employees," Girsch said. In 2014, he became supervisor for the paint department. According to his lawsuit, he noticed what he believed to be "unlawful activities concerning hazardous waste disposal" at the store where he worked."They were literally dumping hazmat down the garbage containers that was going to the landfills," Girsch said. He said he filed a complaint with the Environmental Protection Agency in late 2014 and also had numerous conversations with investigators about Home Depot violations. "I reported what I felt was illegal," he said. After that, he claimed retaliation began. He was accused of safety violations and according to his lawsuit, "repeatedly denied promotions and targeted for discipline.""I ran a five million dollar department, which was the paint department, and I was subsequently in 2017 demoted to the tool rental," Girsch said.Home Depot was fined millions in March 2018 for hazardous materials and customer privacy violations. An investigation between the Attorney General's office and several prosecutors' offices, including San Diego, resulted in a .8 million dollar settlement. The San Diego County District Attorney's Office could not reveal which local Home Depot locations were investigated, but did say all the ones inspected in the county revealed unlawful hazardous waste disposal."You will not silence my voice," Girsch said. "[Home Depot knows] the issues. They've ignored time after time, any attempts to resolve the issues."A Home Depot spokesperson told Team 10: "We disagree with his claims, which we'll address in the proper form." Regarding Girsch's termination, she said his departure was unrelated to the lawsuit." 2208

There are 725 days until the 2020 presidential election. “I know people think it's a long way out, but the reality is the Iowa caucuses are likely to be 15 months from now, if not sooner,” says Dr. Lara Brown, the director of the Graduate School of Political Management at George Washington University.Iowa is key. Several high-profile Democrats have already visited the state recently, and experts say it won't be long until some of them officially throw their hat in the ring.“I would imagine we're going to have some candidates announcing their runs either at the end of this year, so the end of December, or in the first two months of 2019,” says Brown.Brown published a book on presidential nominations and elections called “Jockeying for the American Presidency: The Political Opportunism of Aspirants.”Brown says Democrats can expect a crowded field, just like the Republicans had in 2016.While no one has officially announced a party candidate, a list of potential candidates has been building for months.“We're going to have a lot of different Democrats from a lot of different regions, trying to make the argument they're really the one to lead the party and bring the White House back to the Democrats.”While it's rare that an incumbent president loses a re-election campaign, Brown says President Trump is vulnerable.“It’s evident after the 2018 elections that the Republican party's base is shrinking,” she says. “They are not appealing to as many people as they used to. There's now a 20-point split among women in terms of who and what party they favor.” 1583
Thursday's NBA Playoff showdown between the Golden State Warriors and Houston Rockets was a pivotal game, one that could decide who advances to the NBA Finals. But the NBA Finals and basketball were not on people's minds for a few brief minutes before tip-off. Instead, last week's mass shooting at Santa Fe High School in Texas dominated the thoughts of those in attendance as the Rockets welcomed survivors from last week's mass shooting, which killed eight students and two teachers. Graduates from Santa Fe High School, along with the town's first responders, were in attendance and honored in a pregame ceremony. There was also a moment of silence in memory of the 10 people who lost their lives. 735
To a generation of children, Fred Rogers was a lot more than a soothing voice and a cardigan.On "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood," which had its first national broadcast on February 19, 1968, he sprinkled educational segments with soft-spoken wisdom.The show went off the air in 2001, and Rogers died in 2003. But he's making a posthumous comeback. The US Postal Service will commemorate him on a stamp next month, a documentary film about his beloved PBS show will be released in June and Tom Hanks will play him in a biopic.Fifty years later, Rogers' legacy still resonates.Here's a look at some of his more memorable lessons and quotes, from his show and writings.1. Slow down and be patient. 714
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