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With a coronavirus vaccine still months off, companies are rushing to test what may be the next best thing: drugs that deliver antibodies to fight the virus right away, without having to train the immune system to make them.Antibodies are proteins the body makes when an infection occurs; they attach to a virus and help it be eliminated. Vaccines work by tricking the body into thinking there’s an infection so it makes antibodies and remembers how to do that if the real bug turns up.But it can take a month or two after vaccination or infection for the most effective antibodies to form. The experimental drugs shortcut that process by giving concentrated versions of specific ones that worked best against the coronavirus in lab and animal tests.“A vaccine takes time to work, to force the development of antibodies. But when you give an antibody, you get immediate protection,” said University of North Carolina virologist Dr. Myron Cohen. “If we can generate them in large concentrations, in big vats in an antibody factory ... we can kind of bypass the immune system.”These drugs are believed to last for a month or more and could give quick, temporary immunity to people at high risk of infection, such as health workers and housemates of someone with COVID-19. If they proved effective and if a vaccine doesn’t materialize or protect as hoped, the drugs might eventually be considered for wider use, perhaps for teachers or other groups.They’re also being tested as treatments, to help the immune system and prevent severe symptoms or death.“The hope there is to target people who are in the first week of their illness and that we can treat them with the antibody and prevent them from getting sick,” said Dr. Marshall Lyon, an infectious disease specialist helping to test one such drug at Emory University in Atlanta.Having such a tool “would be a really momentous thing in our fight against COVID,” Cohen said.Vaccines are seen as a key to controlling the virus, which has been confirmed to have infected more than 20 million people worldwide and killed more than 738,000. Several companies are racing to develop vaccines, but the results of the large final tests needed to evaluate them are months away.The antibody drugs are “very promising” and, in contrast, could be available “fairly soon,” said Dr. Janet Woodcock, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration official who is leading government efforts to speed COVID-19 therapies. Key studies are underway and some answers should come by early fall.One company, Eli Lilly, has already started manufacturing its antibody drug, betting that studies now underway will give positive results.“Our goal is to get something out as soon as possible” and to have hundreds of thousands of doses ready by fall, said Lilly’s chief scientific officer, Dr. Daniel Skovronsky.Another company that developed an antibody drug cocktail against Ebola — Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. — now is testing one for coronavirus.“The success with our Ebola program gives us some confidence that we can potentially do this again,” said Christos Kyratsous, a Regeneron microbiologist who helped lead that work.Regeneron’s drug uses two antibodies to enhance chances the drug will work even if the virus evolves to evade action by one.Lilly is testing two different, single-antibody drugs — one with the Canadian company AbCellera and another with a Chinese company, Junshi Biosciences. In July, Junshi said no safety concerns emerged in 40 healthy people who tried it and that larger studies were getting underway.Others working on antibody drugs include Amgen and Adaptive Biotechnologies. The Singapore biotech company Tychan Pte Ltd. also is testing an antibody drug and has similar products in development for Zika virus and yellow fever.“I’m cautiously optimistic” about the drugs, said the nation’s top infectious diseases expert, Dr. Anthony Fauci. “I’m heartened by the experience that we had with Ebola,” where the drugs proved effective.What could go wrong?— The antibodies may not reach all of the places in the body where they need to act, such as deep in the lungs. All the antibody drugs are given through an IV and must make their way through the bloodstream to wherever they’re needed.— The virus might mutate to avoid the antibody — the reason Regeneron is testing a two-antibody combo that binds to the virus in different places to help prevent its escape.Skovronsky said Lilly stuck with one antibody because manufacturing capacity would essentially be cut in half to make two, and “you will have less doses available.” If a single antibody works, “we can treat twice as many people,” he said.— The antibodies might not last long enough. If they fade within a month, it’s still OK for treatment since COVID-19 illness usually resolves in that time. But for prevention, it may not be practical to give infusions more often than every month or two.A San Francisco company, Vir Biotechnology Inc., says it has engineered antibodies to last longer than they usually do to avoid this problem. GlaxoSmithKline has invested 0 million in Vir to test them.Giving a higher dose also may help. If half of antibodies disappear after a month, “if you give twice as much, you will have two months’ protection,” Lilly’s Skovronsky said.— The big fear: Antibodies may do the opposite of what’s hoped and actually enhance the virus’s ability to get into cells or stimulate the immune system in a way that makes people sicker. It’s a theoretical concern that hasn’t been seen in testing so far, but large, definitive experiments are needed to prove safety.“As best as we can tell, the antibodies are helpful,” Lyon said.___Marilynn Marchione can be followed on Twitter: @MMarchioneAP___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 5919

When adult film star Jessica Drake accused Donald Trump of sexual misconduct a month before the Presidential election, Trump said through a spokesperson that he didn't know the woman and had "no interest in ever knowing her."Less than a week later, a woman named Angel Ryan was listed in a secret settlement agreement negotiated by Trump's personal attorney as having "confidential information" about the then-Republican nominee.The two occurrences may appear unrelated. But there is a connection: Drake, the woman who accused Trump, and Ryan, the woman named in the non-disparagement agreement, are the same person, according to interviews and documents reviewed by CNN.The connection raises new questions about the circumstances surrounding the controversial agreement in which Trump attorney Michael Cohen sought to protect his longtime client and friend.The Wall Street Journal was first to report the news that Cohen paid adult film star Stephanie Clifford 0,000 to keep quiet about an alleged affair with Trump.Earlier this week, Clifford, who performs under the name Stormy Daniels, sued the President in Los Angeles Superior Court seeking to void the agreement, which she attached to her complaint.In a section dealing with "prior disclosures" of "confidential information," the agreement cites four people with whom Clifford had already shared such information.One of them was Angel Ryan.Online records reviewed by CNN show that Ryan obtained a trademark registration for the name Jessica Drake.Gloria Allred, Ryan's attorney, confirmed the link for CNN."Jessica Drake is still my client. She is Angel Ryan and the one whose name is in the settlement agreement," Allred told CNN. She said her client was never contacted about Clifford's settlement agreement.Allred would not comment on Ryan's relationship with Clifford, or the timing of her 2016 disclosure being so close to the drafting of Clifford's agreement.Both Clifford and Ryan worked for Wicked Entertainment and both said they attended a 2006 golf outing in Lake Tahoe, also attended by Trump.Clifford said in this week's court filing that she began "an intimate relationship" with Trump that summer, which continued into 2007.At the press conference in October 2016, Ryan, joined by Allred, said she was subjected to unwanted sexual advances by Trump at the golf tournament. She said he kissed her without asking and offered to pay her for sex.Trump campaign officials denied the allegations and said the candidate did not know his accuser.Six days later, Drake's real name appeared in the agreement related to Clifford.Cohen has publicly acknowledged using his own money to facilitate the payment to Clifford in the weeks before the presidential election. He said Trump had no knowledge that he was planning do so or had done so. He said Trump "vehemently denies" Clifford's allegations.The agreement specified three other people with whom Clifford had shared "confidential information." They are an ex-husband, a business manager, and a photographer.All three either declined comment or could not be reached. 3121

With a total of six adopted and foster children, Keri Penland’s family is an exercise in planning and patience.“Trying to do school with them has been insane,” she said.All of her kids are school-aged; some have learning disabilities. When the coronavirus pandemic hit, they--along with tens of millions of other students across the country--became part of a nationwide experiment in remote learning.Her verdict?“I don't know how anybody is doing this, to be honest,” Penland said. “It's not possible.”And it turns out, she's not alone.“We found that remote learning is really failing our most vulnerable learners,” said Justin Ruben, who is with the nonprofit “ParentsTogether.” The group recently conducted a survey of more than 1,500 families across the country to see how remote learning was going.Among the findings:When compared to a family making 0,000 a year, lower-income families--making ,000 or less-- are ten times more likely to have children doing little to no remote learning.Those families are also five times more likely to attend a school not offering distance learning materials at all and 13 percent of them didn’t even have a computer device or internet access.Yet, the numbers were even worse for families of children with special needs, who usually get individualized support at school. Out of those families, 40 percent said that with remote learning, they were receiving no support at all.“A huge chunk of students are being left behind by remote learning,” Ruben said.ParentsTogether wants the federal government to step in with 5 billion more in funding for education, especially since the coronavirus pandemic slashed tax revenues for local and state budgets and, in turn, education programs.“Schools are making budgets right now and kids are falling behind right now, and schools are making plans for the fall right now,” Ruben said. “And so, there's this surreal lack of urgency in Washington, D.C., and there’s literally like a whole generation of vulnerable kids is being allowed to languish.”Back at Penland’s house, it’s been an unusual ending to the school year.“I'll tell you, if school doesn't start again, the kids are gonna be way, way behind,” she said. “It's a different time than we've ever experienced.”Given everything that happened with schools and the pandemic, experts have some suggestions for how to keep kids engaged and learning over the summer.Keep some semblance of structure. A visual schedule that everyone can see will help and make it easier for you and your kids to get back into the swing of things when summer ends.Read to your children or encourage them to read, write or draw--anything that engages their minds, as long as it does not involve a computer or phone screen.Outdoor hikes, walks or scavenger hunts can help kids get exercise and keep them engaged in discovering new things.Make sure your kids get enough sleep and proper nutrition, to keep them in top shape and ready for when it’s time to return to school. 2998

With immigration restrictions in place and limits on foreign workers, programs like the J-1 visa teacher program have been put on hold. This has impacted both foreign teachers in the US and those who were scheduled to teach here.Melvin Inojosa and Stella Indiongco are both from the Philippines, working in the U.S. as part of the J-1 Visa teacher program. The program gives foreign educators the opportunity to teach in the U.S.“We have teachers in about 15 states right now” James Bell, the chief operating officer at Alliance Abroad, said.Alliance Abroad is one of many cultural exchange organizations connecting foreign teachers to U.S. schools and sponsoring them.“COVID has significantly impacted everything relating to J-1 teachers,” Bell said. “The president's proclamation on immigration essentially suspended J-1 teachers into coming into the country. And I have upwards of 100 that should be here by now.”President Donald Trump announced an extension to a temporary ban on foreign workers back in June. Based on immigration service data, the number of people affected was estimated at 500,000 people. The exact number of teachers impacted is unclear.The restrictions only apply to new workers coming to the U.S. For current workers, it means something else.“My close friend...is supposed to go back home because it's the end of her fifth year,” Indiongco said. “But because of the pandemic and shortage of teachers and freeze hiring, her district actually let her stay and extend another year.”Some teachers with expiring contracts were asked to stay. Indiongco herself had already planned to be in the U.S. for two more years, but her summer plans were impacted.“I wasn't able to see my family at all this year,” she said. The same happened for Inojosa.“My hair is already long because I only get my haircut in the Philippines. Every summer...we go back to the Philippines,” Inojosa said.The purpose of the decades-old cultural exchange program is to introduce American students to other cultures -- something that has also been hindered due to COVID-19.“I use food to share my culture,” Inojosa said. “They said it’s kind of a bad timing to gather and eat together, so right now we are limited to our actions regarding sharing our culture.”“I wasn't able to do any cultural exchange activity at all,” Indiongco said.J-1 teachers are navigating a new challenge. A new way of teaching, away from their home country. Inojosa and Indiongco are both pivoting to online learning.Inojosa’s typically full classroom with projects decorating the walls and shelves, will look a little more empty this year. The future of teaching and the J-1 program remains largely unknown.“The immigration ban will be in play through the end of December,” Bell said. That date could change. Current teachers fear this could make the program less desirable moving forward.“Since all the J-1 visas are not processed at all, they're stuck because they have no work there. They have no work here because they cannot come anyway,” Indiongco said.“Some of my friends waited for a very long time to grab this opportunity to enjoy the J-1 program,” Inojosa said.“J-1 visa is like a bridge to our dreams, coming from a third world country. I hate to say it, but coming from a third world country, everything is kind of slow,” Indiongco said.Even with the changing climate, Indiongco and Inojosa are gearing up to teach their students in whatever form necessary.“If I'm called to do my job, I will definitely do it,” Inojosa said. 3516

cent.Over seven days, Martin County climbed by 483 cases for 21.5 percent, St. Lucie County rose by 753 for 35.7 percent, Indian River County by 253 for 27.1 percent and Okeechobee County by 104 for 24.6 percent.Mortality rateThe mortality rate, which compares positive cases against deaths, has been trending down in the state.It is 1.6 percent in the state for all deaths and cases, including nonresidents, compared with 4.0 percent in the United States and 4.4 percent worldwide, which passed 571,000 deaths and passed 13 million cases Sunday.Florida has 198 deaths per 1 million people compared with the U.S. average of 416 per million. New York, which represents one-quarter of the deaths in the nation, has 1,666 per million. Worldwide, the figure is 73.3 per million.Age breakdownThe youngest deaths are two 11-year-olds: a boy in Miami-Dade and a girl in Broward, who are the only two in the 5-14 age class.There are 12 deaths in the 15-24 class, including a 20-year-old male and two 22-year-old females from Broward (one was listed Sunday), a 16-year-old girl from Lee, a 17-year-old boy from Pasco County and a 22-year-old woman from Palm Beach County.Twenty-four people from 25 to 34 also have died from the virus.The oldest is a 108-year-old women from Miami-Dade. A total of 1,489 people 85 and older have died in the state from the virus, an increase of 11 in one day.Ninety-two percent of the fatalities are 55 and older and 63 percent 75 and older. A smaller percentage of older people have tested positive – 26 percent age 55 and older and 7 percent 75 and older.At the other end of the age spectrum, there are 4,211 cases of infants to 4 years old, an increase of 176, and 91` were hospitalized, which is an increase of `1 in one day. In all, there were 1,182 cases of children under 1. From ages 5-14, there are 9,026, an increase of 462 with 69 in the hospital at one time, a rise of 2.From the infant to 54 age group, 195,921 of the 266,119 residents have tested positive. But in that group, 301 have died, an increase of 4, for a 0.15 death percentage.From infant to 65, there are 228,733 cases. A total of 699 have died, an increase of 6, for a 0.31 percentage.CitiesWest Palm Beach is in first place among Palm Beach County cities with 5,040, an increase of 311. Lake Worth, which includes the city and county portion, rose 104 to 4,001, followed by Boynton Beach at 1,828 from 1,742, Boca Raton at 2,511, up from 2,336, Delray Beach at 1,376 from 1,284. A total of 397 in the county not designated by a city.Port St. Lucie leads the Treasure Coast with 1,805, an increase of 71, followed by Stuart with 1,354 vs. 1,325.In Indian River County, Fellsmere, which has a population of 5,754, increased by 2 to 249, compared with only 3 on May 31.HospitalizationsA total of 18,271 people in the state have been hospitalized, a rise from 15,895 last Sunday. That means it is a running total and includes people who have been released or died.Long-term careNearly half of the deaths, 2,100, are residents and staff of long-term care. The state increase was 18 and in Palm Beach County it was 3.NationalFlorida's 45 deaths Sunday were second-most in the nation behind 86 in Arizona, which is in 16th place overall.Florida, which is the third-most-populous state, is in ninth place, 106 behind No. 8 Connecticut, which reported no data Sunday.Since the first death was reported on Feb. 29, the nationwide death toll has risen to 137,782, including an increase of 380 Sunday after 731 Saturday.The last time deaths were more than 1,000 was June 9 with 1,105. Johns Hopkins reports 135,190.Cases reached 3,413,995, with an increase of 58,349. Cases passed 70,000 Friday.California had the second-most cases with 8,460 and Texas was third with 8,196.Last Sunday in the U.S., there were 262 more deaths and 45,931 more cases.The one week U.S. death increase was 4,801 at 3.6 percent.New York has the most deaths in the nation with 32,403, including 11 more Sunday after a high of 799 in April. Its percentage share has been decreasing for weeks to 23.5 percent.Among other states in the top 10: No. 2 New Jersey with 11, No. 3 Massachusetts 15, No. 4 Illinois 19, No. 5 California 25, No. 6 Pennsylvania 5, No. 7 Michigan 1 and No. 10 Louisiana 13.No. 14 Georgia added 5 and Washington, which was the original epicenter in the United States, is in 21th place, with no reported deaths for two days in a row but 615 cases.WorldwideThe U.S. represented 9.6 percent of the 3,956 additional deaths Sunday – and 24.1 percent of the world total though its population is only 4.3 percent of the global total. The one week world death increase was 34,449 at 6.4 percent.The additional death toll last Saturday was 5,015.Cases increased by 194,677 after a record 236,918 Friday.Brazil, which is second behind the United States for deaths, reported a world-high 659 deaths after 968 Saturday for a total of 72,151. The record is 1,492 on June 4. Brazil added 25,364 cases after a record 55,209 one week ago Friday. The South American nation has a total of 1,866,176 cases – more than half as many as No. 1 U.S.Mexico reported 276 more deaths late Sunday compared with 539 the day before and high of 1,092 on June 4, to move past Italy by 52 deaths into fourth place with 35,006. In addition, there were 4,482 cases, behind the record 7,280 Thursday.India added 500 deaths after 543 Saturday to rise to 23,187 in eighth place. The Asian nation also reported a record 29,108 cases, beating the record of 27,761 two days ago for a third-place total of 879,466, behind the U.S. and Brazil.Four European nations are in the top 10. The United Kingdom's deaths increased from 43 to 21 for third place with 44,819, which is behind the United States and Brazil. The high was 1,172.Italy, which at one time was the world's epicenter and reached 919 in one day, reported 9 deaths, among the lowest since the pandemic. No. 6 France and No. 7 Spain didn't report any data this weekend.Germany, which at one time was in the top 10 and now is in 13th place, reported no deaths for the first time since the pandemic.Also in the top 10, No. 9 Iran reported 194 after a record 221 Thursday. No. 10 Peru had 188.Russia is in fourth place in the world in cases with 727,162, including an additional 6,615. The nation gained 130 deaths for 11th place.No. 14 Canada added 10 deaths for a total of 8,783 and well as 243 cases.Sweden, which has been doing "herd immunity, reported no data this weekend after 11 deaths Friday for a total of 5,526 in 17th and 163 cases. Neighboring Norway, which had a lockdown, reported no deaths for the third day in a row to stay at 252 as well as 3 more cases.No. 22 China, the original epicenter of the world, hasn’t reported a death since April 26 and added 8 cases Monday.This story originally reported by Allen Cone on WPTV.com. 9951

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