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WASHINGTON, April 4 (Xinhua) -- Scientists have identified a gene that appears to play a role in regulating how much alcohol people drink, in a study of over 47,000 people published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.The researchers say that finding a common genetic variation influencing levels of alcohol consumption may lead to a better understanding of mechanisms underlying alcohol drinking behavior in the general population.The gene, called "autism susceptibility candidate 2", or AUTS2, has previously been linked to autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but its function is not known.The new study, by an international consortium led by scientists at Imperial College London and King's College London, found that there are two versions of the AUTS2 gene, one three times more common than the other. People with the less common version drink on average five percent less alcohol than people with the more common version.The gene is most active in parts of the brain associated with neuropsychological reward mechanisms, suggesting that it might play a part in regulating the positive reinforcement that people feel when they drink alcohol.Alcohol consumption is known to be partly determined by genes but until now the only gene known to make a notable contribution was the gene encoding alcohol dehydrogenase, an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the liver.Professor Paul Elliott, from the School of Public Health at Imperial College London, said: "Of course there are a lot of factors that affect how much alcohol a person drinks, but we know from twin studies that genes play an important role. The difference that this particular gene makes is only small, but by finding it we've opened up a new area of research into the biological mechanisms that control drinking."

BEIJING, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- China hoped Egypt could restore social stability and normal order at an early date, Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said Sunday."China has been closely watching the development of the situation in Egypt," Hong said when asked to comment on the ongoing turmoil in the country."Egypt is a friendly country with China, and we hope Egypt could restore social stability and normal order at an early date," he said.

BEIJING, May 25 (Xinhua) -- A researcher with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) said Wednesday that plant hormones, if used properly, are not a risk to human health."Irregular use of plant growth substances may cause plants to grow excessively fast or affect the taste, but will not cause harm to human health," Ye Zhihua said in an interview with Xinhua.His remarks come after media reports in China about "exploding watermelons," caused by the excessive use of phytohormone, have aroused public concern over the safety of hormones that stimulate plant growth.Ye said plant hormones used to promote growth have the same or similar effects as natural plant hormones, and fruit and vegetables sold at the market carried limited residue of the hormones.More than 100 types of plant hormones, such as ethephon and gibberellin acid, are used in agriculture and forestry sectors around the world, Ye said, adding 38 types of plant hormones have been registered in China.For example, seven plant hormones including thidiazuron and nucleotide are approved for use on cucumbers in China. The purpose is to stimulate the growth of female flowers and increase fruit yields, Ye said.Ye added that China places plant hormones in the category of pesticides control, which means the hormones are subject to strict management from production to utilization.

TOKYO, March 20 (Xinhua) -- Traces of radioactive iodine had been detected in Tokyo and the surrounding Kanto region, according to the results of an investigation of radioactivity in precipitation and dust conducted by the government, local media reported on Sunday.Radioactive iodine was found in Tokyo, Saitama, Chiba, Yamanashi, Tochigi and Gunma prefectures, the Kyodo News said, citing the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The ministry added that the levels detected in the investigation alone would not affect human health.An employee of Yamagata city office holds a Geiger counter to detect radiation when evacuees from the vicinity of Fukushima nuclear plant wish to be screened upon their arrival at an evacuation centre set in a gymnasium in Yamagata, northern Japan March 19, 2011, eight days after Japan's devastating earthquake and tsunami.The investigation was carried out following the nuclear crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, the government said Sunday.The ministry said that a separate research has already shown that radioactive materials in the air and tap water in Tokyo and the five prefectures pose no threat to human health, according to Kyodo News report.

WASHINGTON, May 11 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at Brigham and Women 's Hospital (BWH), a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School, have identified a human lung stem cell that is self-renewing and capable of forming and integrating multiple biological structures of the lung. This research will be published Thursday in the New England Journal of Medicine."This research describes, for the first time, a true human lung stem cell. The discovery of this stem cell has the potential to offer those who suffer from chronic lung diseases a totally novel treatment option by regenerating or repairing damaged areas of the lung," said the study's corresponding author Piero Anversa, who is also director of the Center for Regenerative Medicine at the hospital.Using lung tissue from surgical samples, researchers identified and isolated the human lung stem cell and tested the functionality of the stem cell both in vitro and in vivo. Once the stem cell was isolated, researchers demonstrated in vitro that the cell was capable of dividing both into new stem cells and also into cells that would grow into various types of lung tissue. Next, researchers injected the stem cell into mice with damaged lungs. The injected stem cells differentiated into new bronchioles, alveoli and pulmonary vessel cells which not only formed new lung tissue, but also integrated structurally to the existing lung tissue in the mice.The researchers define this cell as truly "stem" because it fulfills the three categories necessary to fall under stem cell categorization: first, the cell renews itself; second, it forms into many different types of lung cells; and third, it is transmissible, meaning that after a mouse was injected with the stem cells and responded by generating new tissue, researchers were then able to isolate the stem cell in the treated mouse, and use that cell in a new mouse with the same results."These are the critical first steps in developing clinical treatments for those with lung disease for which no therapies exist. Further research is needed, but we are excited about the impact this discovery could have on our ability to regenerate or recreate new lung tissues to replace damaged areas of the lungs," said Joseph Loscalzo, chair of the Department of Medicine at BWH and co-author.

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