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Mass shootings and acts of terrorism may dominate headlines, but it's the homicides and, to a lesser extent, the suicides that happen out of the spotlight that make up the bulk of firearm-related deaths around the world, according to a study published Tuesday in the journal JAMA. More gun deaths happened outside of war than in it during the years researchers examined (1990 through 2016) in 195 countries and territories.Worldwide, an estimated 251,000 people died by gun in 2016. In 1990, there were 209,000 firearm-related deaths. Accounting for population growth, that's an annualized rate decrease of 0.9 percent.Gun deaths are predominantly concentrated in six countries that make up less than 10 percent of the world's population. The United States, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and Guatemala together account for more than half of the gun-related deaths worldwide.In 2016, the majority of global firearm deaths -- an estimated 64 percent -- were homicides. Suicides accounted for 27 percent of the gun deaths. A small fraction, about 9 percent of gun deaths, were accidental.If you were to look on a map, the highest numbers of gun-related homicides are concentrated in a belt that stretches from Mexico through the Caribbean to Brazil. Many of these homicides involve drug cartels, the authors suggest, and there's a problem with organized crime and the illegal gun trade.El Salvador saw the greatest concentration of gun-related homicides in 2016, with 38.9 per 100,000 people. By comparison, Singapore, the country that had the fewest, had 0.1 gun-related homicides per 100,000."The sheer magnitude of these deaths and the range in firearm-related deaths is extraordinary," said the study's senior author, Chris Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington.The most vulnerable demographic to gun violence was men between 20 and 24 years old. Men were also the biggest perpetrators of gun violence.Suicide-by-gun rates declined globally between 1990 and 2016. Some countries, though, struggled with this public health crisis. In 2016, Greenland had the highest number of firearm suicides, with 22 deaths per 100,000 people. The US had the second-highest number, with 6.4 deaths per 100,000 in 2016."The US really has quite marked rates around suicide," Murray said. "That was a surprise to me."For perspective, the United States has 4.3 percent of the world's population, but suicide by gun there represented 35.3 percent of all firearm suicides in the world in 2016. By comparison, there were twice as many firearm suicides as gun-related homicides in 2016 in the US.Americans also own more guns per capita than residents of any other country, with about four in 10 Americans saying they either own a gun or live in a home with guns, according to a 2017 Pew Center study.Americans have been killing themselves more with guns over the past decade, but homicide numbers have been relatively flat. The US ranks 30th in the world for total number of homicides, according to the study.The highest increase in gun-related suicide rates in this time period was in Jamaica, and Singapore had the fewest gun-related suicide deaths. These numbers, Murray said, are an important reminder about how widespread this public health problem is.There is no one single trend behind gun violence. Drugs, alcohol, a lack of mental health services and domestic violence are often to blame, as is poverty, the study suggests."Places with high rates of firearm mortality that are getting worse tend to be places with weak government institutions, especially in the criminal justice system or social upheaval," Daniel Webster, who has written extensively about gun violence as director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Policy and Research, wrote in an email. Other things that stood out from these numbers, he said, is that while the "measures aren't great," he said, "there is a connection: more guns, more gun-related deaths."Webster, who was not involved in the new research, added that the general downward trend in firearm mortality is something that stands out because "we tend to think of our current rates of gun violence as the worst ever, but there has been great progress" toward stemming some of this violence.Laws that seem to limit gun violence include ones that strengthen background checks and require permits for ownership, the study authors said. More restrictions on guns in Brazil and South Africa seem to suggest a link between a reduced access to gun ownership and a lower number of gun-related suicides and homicides. 4601

Marjory Stoneman Douglas school shooter Nikolas Cruz told a detective shortly after the February massacre that a voice in his head the night before the shooting told him to hurt people.Cruz is accused of killing 17 students and faculty at the school in Parkland, Florida. Court documents show the former student has confessed to being the gunman. However, a judge entered a plea of not guilty on Cruz's after he stood mute to the charges in March.Documents released Monday by the Broward County state attorney's office include a transcript of Cruz's conversation with a detective after his arrest on the day of the shooting, February 14. The transcript shows the gunman talking about his deceased parents and a demon that Cruz said was in his head. The document also details a meeting Cruz had with his younger brother. 827

Mental health has become a priority for many people across the country during the pandemic. For college students, it's no different, and many are hoping employers put mental health as a priority when they graduate."As they stress about whether or not they’re going to find internships, whether or not they're going to find employment after they graduate, as they think about their own families, as they think about their health or the health of their loved ones. Everything is just compounding and we wanted to get a better sense of whether students were actively thinking about mental health," said Christine Cruzvergara, the VP of Higher Education and Student Success at Handshake, which connects college students with employers.Cruzvergara says realizing these struggles, Handshake surveyed more than 1,000 college students about their mental health."Over 62% of our students want employers to think about mental health benefits as actually part of the compensation plan and I think that’s a huge shift. We didn’t see students talking about mental health as a benefit previous to COVID," said Cruzvergara.Roughly half of students surveyed said they were concerned about their own mental health with so many people working remotely, adding they were concerned about feeling isolated and about their work-life balance."We've shared this with our employers as we continue conversations with them about how they're going to adapt their training, their onboarding, their compensation," said Cruzvergara.More businesses are also thinking about mental health services for their employees, according to Gympass, a service used by employers to offer benefits like fitness and nutrition programs. Gympass surveyed its own members and found 69% have experienced burnout during the pandemic."We know 95% of people are just aware that wellness in general is more important to their productivity and as employers have become more aware of that we’re seeing the shift to mental wellness awareness, in particular, and we’ve been able to embrace this from a live classes perspective moving into digitals where yoga, people can take their meditation classes online," said Gympass CEO Marshall Porter. Porter says while most employees and employers realize mental wellness is important when it comes to productivity at work, just 34% of employers are actually offering those types of benefits."And so how do we think about and talk about meeting the customer, the employee, where they are. Everybody’s aware, everybody wants that benefit. Too few employers are still thinking about that and so opening that conversation of how are you really doing, what can we do to provide that. Maybe it isn’t that traditional 401k or new stipend to work from home and make your home office more comfortable," said Porter.Realizing the major impact companies can have on their own employees' mental health. 2884

LOUISVILLE, Ky. — Kentucky’s attorney general has received a long-awaited ballistics report in the police shooting of Breonna Taylor. Attorney General Daniel Cameron tweeted Sunday that there is additional analysis needed now that the report is in his hands. He says there will be no announcement on the investigation this week. Cameron has indicated the ballistics report has slowed the investigation of Taylor’s death by police on March 13. Taylor was shot in her home by police as they served a no-knock narcotics warrant on her home. Cameron has faced intense pressure from activists who want the officers charged in Taylor's killing. 647

Max Booth is from Redondo Beach and was excited to go to Maine for a summer camp for the second year. This year, that didn’t happen because of coronavirus, leaving Max at home. Then, his grandparents stepped in to save the day.Tim and Joy Booth live in Pacific Beach and said right around when Max found out he would be staying home for the summer, beaches and public places in their area started opening up, so they took advantage and planned a substitute summer camp for the 10-year-old.“It gave us real happiness to figure out how to make something that was at least a little bit similar to what he might have had,” said Joy.The trio spent the last week exploring the San Diego area, completing a long list of activities like cutting wood and barbecuing at a park, going to the beach, playing at a water park, practicing archery, hiking and observing nature, completing a junior park ranger program at the Cabrillo Monument and more. They even took the time to give back to the community, spending a day shoveling sand off of steps in Pacific Beach. They said a police officer and surfer stopped to thank them, the surfer adding that he had slipped on those steps because of the built-up sand.“We swept the stairs because we wanted to help people not get any injuries from slipping on the sand,” said Max.The week may have been different than a typical summer camp, but all three said they had the best time."I would just like to say thank you for being my parents and thank you for doing all this stuff for me," said Max."You’re welcome, Max. We love you," responded Tim and Joy. 1591

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