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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937

SAN DIEGO (CNS) — An off-duty sheriff's deputy shot in Los Angeles County has died, authorities announced at a Wednesday evening news conference. Deputy Joseph Gilbert Solano, 50, was on life support after being shot in the head in an apparently random attack while waiting at the counter of a Jack in the Box in Alhambra. Rhett Nelson, 30, of St. George, Utah, was arrested Tuesday in 393

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A wrongful death lawsuit was filed Monday on behalf of the family of a 24-year-old woman who died last fall at the Las Colinas Detention Facility in Santee.Elisa Serna died Nov. 11, 2019, a few days after she was booked into the county jail.Earlier this year, the sheriff's department said Serna died from complications of drug abuse, with a contributing factor of early intrauterine pregnancy.The lawsuit filed in San Diego federal court alleges jail staff were aware of Serna's substance abuse and subsequent withdrawal symptoms, but did not provide her with treatment. Though Serna was fainting, had low blood pressure, was vomiting regularly and displaying odd and incoherent behavior, jail staff "ignored the obvious signs of medical distress" and "failed to provide proper medication as Elisa's condition was worsening," the complaint alleges.Sheriff's officials could not immediately be reached for comment on the suit, which names San Diego County and Sheriff Bill Gore as defendants.Plaintiffs in the suit include Serna's parents, Michael and Paloma Serna; her husband, Brandon Honeycutt, and a minor child referred to as S.H.The sheriff's department has come under fire recently over a spate of deaths among county jail inmates, which were referenced within the complaint.The lawsuit cited news reports indicating the county had the highest jail mortality rate among the state's largest counties, and said prior deaths from inmates suffering from withdrawal symptoms should have made jail staff aware of the potentially fatal consequences of those symptoms.The suit also alleges staff are inadequately trained and in-custody deaths at county jails are not being properly investigated."Even though inmates are dying or suffering catastrophic injuries at an alarming rate at San Diego County jails, the medical and correctional staff whose actions or inactions cause the deaths are not investigated; not informed of their failures; not given further training or remedial instruction; and are not monitored or closely supervised after these adverse events," the lawsuit alleges. 2111

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A woman was killed in a chain-reaction crash triggered by a loose dog in lanes of state Route 94 near downtown San Diego today.Three cars were involved in the crash, which was first reported just after 10:30 a.m. on westbound Route 94 near 25th Street.A Ford F-150 owned by the San Diego Humane Society was parked in the median of the freeway with the driver and a passenger still inside, preparing to capture a dog when the animal ran into lanes of traffic, a California Highway Patrol dispatcher told City News Service.Multiple cars stopped and swerved, including a Toyota Camry with three occupants that braked and came to a stop in the No. 1 lane, the dispatcher said.A Dodge truck, also in the No. 1 lane, swerved into the median to avoid the Camry, and was struck in the right rear corner by a GMC Yukon towing a trailer that was unable to stop in time.The force of the impact pushed the Dodge into the Camry, which in turn pushed the Camry into the Humane Society pickup, according to the dispatcher.In the aftermath of the accident, it wasn't immediately clear how many cars were involved, but responding fire crews realized the Camry, which at some point had moved to the right shoulder of the freeway, was also part of the crash and launched a rescue operation for that car's occupants, according to a CHP incident log.A 53-year-old woman in the back seat of the Camry sustained a major head injury and was taken to Scripps Mercy Hospital, where she succumbed to her injuries, the dispatcher said.The woman's identity wasn't immediately released.Three other people, including two from the Camry and one from the GMC, 1652

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A man who fatally stabbed his 66-year-old uncle during an argument in their Pacific Beach condominium was sentenced Monday to 15 years to life in state prison.Randy Bautista Baisa, 39, pleaded guilty to a second-degree murder charge in connection with the 2018, killing of Merlino Bautista. Authorities said the defendant and the victim lived together.Prosecutors said Baisa -- who has significant mental health issues, according to the prosecution and defense -- stabbed his uncle 16 times, mostly in the back. One stab wound to the left arm severed an artery, the prosecutor said.Baisa previously pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity but withdrew that plea in May.RELATED: Nephew arrested, accused of stabbing uncle to death in Pacific Beach apartment complexA neighbor at The Plaza Condominiums complex on Diamond Street called 911 in the early morning hours of Jan. 17, 2018, after the mortally wounded Bautista knocked on the door asking for help.Bautista was on the ground of a second-floor hallway when officers arrived on scene and immediately began administering medical aid, police said.He was taken to Scripps Memorial Hospital in La Jolla, where doctors pronounced him dead.Police found Baisa -- who they believed stabbed Bautista inside their residence -- at the complex and arrested him. 1331

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