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LOS ANGELES, March 23 (Xinhua) -- People who are more physically active are less likely to have high blood pressure associated with a high-sodium diet, a new study suggests.The study was conducted by researchers at the Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine in New Orleans, HealthDay News reported on Wednesday.Study findings were presented at the on-going American Heart Association's meeting on nutrition, physical activity and cardiovascular disease, held in Atlanta, said the report.To explore a potential association between exercise and the hypertensive role of dietary salt, the researchers focused on roughly 1,900 men and women (average age 38) living in a rural region in northern China. None took blood pressure medication during the study, according to the report.For one week all of the participants consumed 3,000 mg of sodium a day in their diet; for another week, they were placed on a high-sodium diet -- 18,000 mg per day.Nine blood pressure readings were taken each week, and questionnaires were completed to assess routine levels of physical activity, ranging from "very active" to "quite sedentary."When switching from the lower-sodium to a high-sodium diet, those who experienced a 5 percent or greater boost in their systolic blood pressure (the heart contraction measure represented by the top figure of a blood pressure reading) were deemed "high salt-sensitive."Those reporting the most physical activity had a 38 percent lower risk of being highly salt-sensitive than the least active group. This group was the least likely to see a 5 percent or greater rise in their blood pressure in response to a high-salt diet.Compared with the most sedentary group, those in the next-to- highest activity group had a 17 percent lower risk of salt- sensitivity, and those in the next-to-lowest activity group had a 10 percent lower risk.The team concluded that engaging in physical activity has a " significant," independent and progressively healthful impact on the degree to which salt sensitivity relates to blood pressure."For those with low physical activity, their blood pressure will increase more if they increase their sodium intake," study co- author Dr. Jiang He, chair of the department of epidemiology at the school, said in remarks published by HeathDay News."It's a little bit of a surprise," He added. "But this is the first study to look at this particular association between physical activity and salt sensitivity and blood pressure. But after thinking it over it makes sense, because we already know that physical activity will reduce blood pressure."High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a leading cause of stroke. Because of salt's association with high blood pressure, the American Heart Association recommends consuming less than 1, 500 mg of sodium per day.

WASHINGTON, April 6 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have discovered two genes in which variation affects intake of caffeine, the most widely consumed stimulant in the world, according to a report described Wednesday in the open-access journal PLoS Genetics.A team of investigators from the National Cancer Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill examined genetic variation across the entire genome of more than 47,000 individuals from the U.S.They found the genes -- CYP1A2, which has previously been implicated in the metabolism of caffeine, and AHR, involved in the regulation of CYP1A2, played roles in regulating intake of caffeine. Individuals with the highest-consumption genotype for either gene consumed 40 mg more caffeine than those with the lowest-consumption genotype, equivalent to the amount of one-third cup of caffeinated coffee, or one can of cola.Caffeine is implicated in numerous physiological and medical conditions; it affects sleep patterns, energy levels, mood, and mental and physical performance. The identification of genes that have an impact on daily consumption offers opportunities to better understand these conditions. Further exploration of the identified genetic variants may provide insight into the speed of caffeine metabolism, how long caffeine circulates in the blood, or how strong the physiological effects of consuming a given amount of caffeine are.

BEIJING, May 10 (Xinhuanet) -- Autism spectrum disorder may be under diagnosed and under reported worldwide and rigorous screening is needed for accurate estimates, said researchers in Monday's American Journal of Psychiatry.Researchers from the Yale Child Study Center, George Washington University and other leading institutions screened every child aged 7 to 12 in Ilsan district of the city of Goyang, a community of 488,590 in South Korea, and found more than two-thirds of ASD cases in the mainstream school population unrecognized and untreated.They estimated the prevalence of ASD in South Korea to be 2.64 percent, or approximately 1 in 38 children.The figure is more than twice the rate usually reported in the developed world. Even that rate, about 1 percent, has been climbing rapidly in recent years — from 0.6 percent in the United States in 2007, for example.“From the get-go we had the feeling that we would find a higher prevalence than other studies because we were looking at an understudied population: children in regular schools,” said the lead researcher, Dr. Young-Shin Kim, a child psychiatrist and epidemiologist at the Yale Child Study Center.By contrast, other research groups measure autism prevalence by examining and verifying records of existing cases kept by health care and special education agencies, but leaving out many children whose parents and schools have never sought a diagnosis.Kim said the researchers concluded autism prevalence estimates worldwide may increase if rigorous screening and comprehensive population studies are used to produce prevalence estimates.But it is suggested the findings did not mean that the actual numbers of children with autism were rising, simply that the study was more comprehensive than previous ones.

WASHINGTON, May 1 (Xinhua) -- The launch of U.S. space shuttle Endeavour on its final voyage will be no earlier than May 8, after technical problems uncovered last week proved more complex than originally thought, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced Sunday.NASA tried to launch Endeavour on Friday on its 25th and final flight to deliver the 2-billion-dollar Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) particle detector to the International Space Station. AMS, a particle physics detector, is designed to search for various types of unusual matter by measuring cosmic rays. Its experiments are designed to help researchers study the formation of the universe and search for evidence of dark matter, strange matter and antimatter.The space shuttle Endeavour sits on launch pad 39A as work continues on the shuttle's auxilliary power unit at the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida May 1, 2011.However, the launch was called off after engineers detected a failure in one of two heater circuits associated with Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) 1. Heaters are required to keep the APUs' hydrazine from freezing on orbit.NASA hoped Endeavour would lift off on Monday. But further trouble-shooting indicated the glitch was more complicated than officials hoped initially.The failure appears to be a power problem within the aft load control assembly-2, a box of switches controlling power feeds."That basically means the power is not getting out to the heaters that weren't working on launch day," said Space Shuttle Program Launch Integration Manager Mike Moses.

TAIPEI, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- Five crewmen, including four Chinese mainlanders, had been rescued after their fishing boat from Taiwan's Keelung capsized Friday night off southern Taiwan's Kenting, local sources said Sunday.The other two crewmen, including the Taiwanese captain and one mainland fisherman, were still missing. The rescue efforts were still under way.The fishing boat was ravaged by strong winds and huge waves Friday night.