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LIAOYUAN, Jilin Province, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- From March to September last year, 48-year-old Li Guizhi visited the detention house of the Liaoyuan City in northwestern Jilin Province five times, asking detainees whether they had been tortured.     Her question list also included: "Do you know you have the right to ask lawyers?", "Do you have enough food every day?", "Are you taken to see a doctor when you are not well?".     Li, a community director of the Nankang Street of the Longshan District of Liaoyuan, was in her spare time a public inspector of detention houses. It means she could randomly select time to visit local jails and randomly choose detainees to talk to.     She was also entitled to inspect the jails' condition and examine the jails' records so as to ensure that custody procedures were in line with the law and detainees were not treated inhumanely.     As the first pilot city of the detention inspection system in China, Liaoyuan had 20 public inspectors like Li. They were doctors, teachers, entrepreneurs, civil servants or community workers. Meanwhile, they were either local legislators, political advisors or "people's supervisors", a voluntary post to oversee jurisdiction. They were recommended to be selected as public inspectors thanks to their legislation or public working experience.     These inspectors who had received legal training would put forward proposals for improvements after each tour of the detention house which, therefore, would be obliged to ameliorate its living or working conditions accordingly.     This year, the pilot program continued to be unfolded in Jinzhong of northern Shanxi Province and Zhang Jiagang of eastern Jiangsu Province. More cities would be added to the list.     The Research Center of Litigation System and Judicial Reform under the Beijing-based Renmin University of China was the organizer of the program in China.     Sponsored by the European Union, the program was part of a package of cooperation agreements in political, legal, cultural and economic fields. Legal cooperation between China and Europe covers areas such as the death penalty, anti-torture and professional training of judges and prosecutors.     Chen Weidong, a professor with the Renmin University who was in charge of the program, told Xinhua that treatment of detainees, to some extent, reflected the level of protection of the public's rights and interests.     "Through the introduction of public supervision, which is more independent, to oversee the detention place exercising its power, the system is conducive to ensuring that prisoners are treated in accordance with the law," he said.     China signed the United Nations Convention against Torture in Dec. 1986 which ensured that torture was a criminal offence. "Parties must promptly investigate any allegation of torture, and victims of torture must have an enforceable right to compensation," it said.     In addition, the UN passed in 2002 the Optional Protocol to the Convention, which encourages the establishment of an international inspection system for places of detention.     Currently, more than 20 countries, mainly European nations, have set up the system. Many other developed countries, including the United States, have not established such a system.     According to the Chinese law, law makers and political advisors were entitled to patrol detention places, reflecting parliament's and political advisory bodies' supervision over administrative organs.     Over the past few years, Chinese procuratorates had set up the "people's supervisor" system, in a bid to prevent injustice amid law execution. Most procuratorates of the country had selected people's supervisors.     However, the Supreme People's Procuratorate statistics show Chinese procuratorates punished 930 government workers in 2006 who illegally took people into custody and extorted confessions by torture.     Chen said in the past, supervision was mainly institutional, such as recording and videotaping, and asking lawyers to be present, when interrogating suspects.     "Public supervision, which we currently advocate, enables the public to gain a close and independent observance of the detention places, the result of which is more convincing and can help improve China's image in protecting human rights," he added.     Chen said the inspection system examined many factors, ranging from living conditions of detention places to the fulfillment of various legal rights and interests.     "It neither depends on high-tech equipment nor is confined to the number of legal workers or the time of working, so it can be promoted in any region with any economic situation," he added.     However, a survey about the pilot program, conducted by the Renmin University, showed that detectives generally opposed to the system, saying inspection activities in detention places would "disturb their working plans and easily allow detainees refuse to confess".     Many lawyers believed the "independent" inspection should be worthy of the name, which means detention house staff should be absent when inspectors talked to detainees. It could alleviate detainees' pressure.     TO BE PROMOTED NATIONWIDE     As a main propeller of the program in Liaoyuan, Wang Wensheng, the chief procurator of the Liaoyuan People's Procuratorate, admitted, "All reform will face resistance, risks and blame."     Chen said local officials' open-mindedness and achievements of local judicial reform was considered as key factors in selecting pilot cities. Liaoyuan was an outstanding example.     The first phase of the program, which started as early as 2006,ended last year. The second phase, with Jinzhong and Zhang Jiagang cities added to the list, aimed to find out if the system would be feasible in the country's hinterland and economically prosperous regions.     The project team hoped the system, which was considered as an innovation of China's judicial reform, could be promoted nationwide, but no timetable could be set at the moment. The project was scheduled to end in 2012.     Cheng Lei, a member of the project group and a post doctorate with the law institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said, "Hopefully, the system can be extended to other parts of the country through legislation. Provincial legislation is easier, such as a law on detention place inspection system in northwestern Jilin Province."     Li Guizhi, the Liaoyuan public inspector, said she felt a great honor when becoming an inspector.     "Such voluntary work, without any payment, should convey a message to the world that China's efforts against torture is in line with international practice," she said.

MOSCOW, March 22 (Xinhua) -- Top think tanks from Russia and China discussed a wide range of security issues of common concern at a two-day seminar that ended here Sunday.     participants at the seminar exchanged ideas on world economic and political trend, the situation in Central Asia, and prospects for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) under the global security framework.     The seminar, "Russia and China in a new era," was co-chaired by China Institute for International Strategic Studies (CIISS) and Russian Council for Foreign and Defense Policy (CFDP).     Xiong Guangkai, chairman of the CIISS, and Sergei Karaganov, head of the CFDP, attended the meeting.     Participants in the meeting agreed that the current world is ata stage of profound change and major readjustment. The ongoing financial crisis has led to greater instability in global and regional situation. Yet, the world will continue to move towards multi-polarization despite emerging complexities in global situation.     Both sides believed that safeguarding security and stability in Central Asia serves the common strategic interests of China and Russia, and is also a necessity for deepening the two countries' strategic cooperation.     They also agreed the SCO, as a new organization of regional security cooperation, not only accords with fundamental interests of all the SCO members, but also contributes to regional and global peace and security. China and Russia shall strengthen understanding, trust and cooperation to ensure the sound development of the SCO.     As a national, nongovernmental institute on global issues, the CIISS keeps in touch with about 100 institutions from over 50 countries and regions across the world. The CFDP is Russia's famed think tank closely associated with several departments of Russian government and legislature.

WUHAN, March 31 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao has called for realizing healthy and rapid economic growth through technical innovation and industrial upgrading during a visit to the country's central regions.     More government support should go to high technology industries such as electronic information, software service and bio-medicines, Wen said during a visit to enterprises in Hubei Province from Sunday to Tuesday. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C) visits the Wuhan Dongfeng Motor Corporation in Wuhan, capital of central China's Hubei Province, March 30, 2009. Wen Jiabao, also member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, inspected Hubei Province from March 29 to 31.Wen emphasized importance of possessing intellectual property rights and encouraged companies to strengthen research and development and make breakthroughs in core technologies.     The country's future lay in innovation, and all challenges would be conquered if China adhered to innovation in its development, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L front) talks with a shopkeeper at a market in Sanfutan Town, Xiantao City in central China's Hubei Province, March 29, 2009.Visiting automobile, shipbuilding and steel companies in Wuhan, the provincial capital, Wen encouraged the manufacturing sector to make full use of government support plans.     "We must have confidence in ourselves and work hard during times of hardship so as to take the country's manufacturing industry to a new level," Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C) visits the Jiang Toon Animation Co., Ltd. at the Wuhan Optical Valley Software Park in Wuhan, capital of central China's Hubei Province, March 30, 2009The State Council, the Cabinet, has issued a series of support plans for 10 key industries such as automobile, steel, textile and garment sectors since January in a bid to stimulate China's economy, whose year-on-year growth slowed to a seven-year low of 9percent in 2008.     Wen said agricultural production was stable and urged officials to give priority to the rural economy and raise farmer's incomes, as rural development played an important role in guarding against the impact of the global financial crisis. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R front) talks with local residents in Minsan Village, Huchang Town, Xiantao City in central China's Hubei Province, March 29, 2009. Governments at all levels should prevent prices of economic crops dropping by national purchase and price protection, give more agricultural subsidies and enlarge the rural market through policies such as subsidizing rural residents in buying household electric appliances, Wen said.     Wen also urged governments to take measures improve employment and raise living standards. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd R) talks with local residents at their home in Hekou Village, Huchang Town, Xiantao City in central China's Hubei Province, March 29, 2009.

BEIJING, April 15 (Xinhua) -- China, the world's biggest manufacturer of electronics and information technology (IT) products, said Wednesday it will boost the industry's development to create more than 1.5 million new jobs in three years.     The electronics and IT sector is expected to contribute at least 0.7 percentage points to China's annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth from 2009 to 2011, compared with 0.8 percentage points last year, according to a document approved by the State Council and published on the government Web site.     That will provide new jobs for nearly 1 million college graduates, which are included in the total 1.5 million targeted vacancies, said the document.     China's electronics and IT products sales surged at an average annual rate of 28 percent from 2001 to 2007, but slowed sharply to 12.5 percent last year amid the economic downturn.     Sales in 2008 totaled 6.3 trillion yuan (920 billion U.S. dollars), with exports reaching 521.8 billion U.S. dollars, or 36.5 percent of the country's total export value.     The government announced a support plan for the industry in February. The Wednesday document made clear details of the plan.     The government will boost the industry by increasing state investment, credit support and export tax rebates, said the document.     It also pledged to expand the domestic market for the industry and encourage innovation and restructuring.     In the next three years, the country aims to achieve technological breakthroughs in strategic domains of the industry such as integrate circuits, new-type displays and software, according to the document.     For instance, revenues from software and information service sectors will take up 15 percent of the industry's total, up from the current 12 percent.     In addition, fresh growth will be cultivated in such fields as digital TVs and the new generation of mobile communications and Internet.     The government said it will vigorously promote the overseas commercial use of its domestically-developed TD-SCDMA standard for the high-speed third-generation mobile communications.

BEIJING, March 24 (Xinhua) -- China and Uruguay voiced commitment to further develop cooperation on trade and investment and boost exchanges between the parliaments of the two countries.     When conferring with the visiting Uruguayan President Tabare Vazquez here Tuesday, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao called on the two nations to exert joint efforts to address the challenges posed by the current global financial crisis.     China and Uruguay should take effective measures to achieve a diversified and balanced two-way trade structure and expand mutual investment to raise bilateral economic and trade cooperation to a higher level, Wen said.     The Chinese Premier also pledged that China would intensify the dialogue and communication with the Common Market of the South and join hands with Uruguay and other countries to develop the Latin American market for mutual benefit. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) meets with Uruguayan President Tabare Vazquez in Beijing, capital of China, March 24, 2009"It's not only conducive to resolve the current difficulties, but also helpful to inject new vigor for South-South cooperation," Wen noted.     Vazquez said Uruguay is willing to make concerted efforts with China to expand cooperation, cope with the global financial crisis and oppose trade protectionism.     He proposed the two sides develop new ideas and new approaches to forge new cooperation with mutual benefit.     In his meeting with Chinese top legislator Wu Bangguo, Vazquez said Uruguay would focus on cooperation with China in such fields as dealing with the international financial crisis, climate change and utilization of new and recycled energies. Wu Bangguo (R Front), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Uruguayan President Tabare Vazquez (L Front) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 24, 2009Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, said legislatures of the two countries have increased exchanges in recent years and played an active role in increasing mutual understanding and the development of bilateral ties.     He said the NPC is willing to work with Uruguay's parliament to develop exchanges and cooperation in various fields and make new contributions to the development of bilateral ties.     At the invitation of Chinese President Hu Jintao, Vazquez arrived in Beijing Saturday morning for a six-day state visit. Wu Bangguo (R), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Uruguayan President Tabare Vazquez at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 24, 2009Vazquez left Beijing Tuesday evening and arrived in China's economic powerhouse Shanghai for a visit.     This is President Vazquez's first visit to China since he took office in 2005