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(CNN) -- Artificially-generated faces of people who don't exist are being used to front fake Facebook accounts in an attempt to trick users and game the company's systems, the social media network said Friday. Experts who reviewed the accounts say it is the first time they have seen fake images like this being used at scale as part of a single social media campaign.The accounts, which were removed by Facebook on Friday, were part of a network that generally posted in support of President Trump and against the Chinese government, experts who reviewed the accounts said. Many of the accounts promoted links to a Facebook page and website called "The BL." Facebook said the accounts were tied to the US-based Epoch Media Group, which owns The Epoch Times newspaper, a paper tied to the Falun Gong movement that is similarly pro-Trump.The publisher of the Epoch Times denied that Epoch and The BL were linked in emails to the fact-checking organization Snopes earlier this year.In a statement released after this story initially published on Friday, Epoch Times publisher Stephen Gregory said, "The Epoch Times and The BL media companies are unaffiliated. The BL was founded by a former employee, and employs some of our former employees. However, that some of our former employees work for BL is not evidence of any connection between the two organizations."The BL is a publication of Epoch Times Vietnam. As can be seen in archived pages of The Epoch Times website, Epoch Times Vietnam was no longer listed as part of Epoch Media Group in October 2018."In response, a Facebook spokesperson told CNN Business that executives at The BL were active administrators on Epoch Media Group Pages as recently as Friday morning.The dystopian revelation of the use of artificially-generated images in this way points to an increasingly complicated online information landscape as America enters a presidential election year. Silicon Valley and the US intelligence community are still struggling with the fallout from widespread online interference in the 2016 presidential election.The Facebook accounts used profile pictures that appeared to show real people smiling and looking directly into a camera. But the people do not and have never existed, according to Facebook and other researchers. The images were created using artificial intelligence technology. The same basic methods are used to produce deepfake videos — fake videos that the US intelligence community has warned could be used as part of a foreign disinformation campaign targeting Americans.Other fake accounts that were part of the same network used stolen pictures of real people, according to the social media investigations company Graphika and the thinktank the Atlantic Council. Facebook provided information to Graphika and the Atlantic Council for analysis in advance of Friday's announcement.The accounts were used to run dozens of pro-Trump Facebook groups with names like "America Needs President Trump," and "WE STAND WITH TRUMP & PENCE!," according to Graphika and the Atlantic Council.The fact-checking organizations Snopes and Lead Stories had reported in recent weeks and months about the use of artificial images on Facebook that were part of this network of accounts. Snopes published a story last week criticizing Facebook's apparent inaction on the issue. Facebook said Friday it had "benefited from open source reporting" in the takedown but said that its own systems that monitor for coordinated and inauthentic behavior had proactively identified many of the accounts.In a joint report on their findings, Graphika and the Atlantic Council outlined how they were able to determine which of the profile photos had been generated using artificial intelligence. "This technology is rapidly evolving toward generating more believable pictures, but a few indicators still give these profile pictures away," they said.Images generated using artificial intelligence, specifically by a machine-learning method known as a GAN, or generative adversarial network, are "notorious for struggling with features that should be symmetrical on the human face, such as glasses or earrings, and with background details. Profile pictures from the network showed telltales of all three."GANs consist of two neural networks — which are algorithms modeled on the neurons in a brain — facing off against each other to produce real-looking images. One of the neural networks generates images (of, say, a woman's face), while the other tries to determine whether that image is a fake or a real face.While experts were able to spot these telltale signs on close inspection, it is likely the regular Facebook user would not.Over the past year, a number of websites have emerged online that create fake faces using artificial intelligence.Researchers from Graphika and the Atlantic Council could not conclusively determine if the people behind the fake accounts had used artificial pictures from these public sites or had generated their own.In their report released Friday, Graphika and the Atlantic Council said, "The ease with which the operation managed to generate so many synthetic pictures, in order to give its fake accounts (mostly) convincing faces, is a concern. Further research is needed to find ways to identify AI-generated profile pictures reliably and at scale, so that platforms and researchers can automate their detection."Connection to Epoch Media GroupIn all, Facebook said Friday, it had removed a network of 610 Facebook accounts, 89 pages, 90 groups, and 72 Instagram accounts. About 55 million accounts followed one or more of the pages, and the vast majority of followers were outside the United States, Facebook said. Facebook did not say if all of all these followers were real — some of them may themselves have been fake accounts.The network of pages removed on Friday had spent almost million on Facebook ads, according to Facebook.Facebook's investigation primarily focused on "The BL" (The Beauty of Life) — a set of Facebook pages and a website that says its goal is to "present to the world the most beautiful aspects of life."The pages often shared pro-Trump and anti-China content.On its website, The BL outlined the dangers of "inaccurate and degenerate information" that it said "can be easily channeled toward vulnerable or uninformed people."The purpose of the fake accounts, including those using fake faces, appears to have been to promote links to The BL's website and Facebook pages, Ben Nimmo, director of investigations at Graphika told CNN Business on Friday.Facebook said the fake accounts were tied to the US-based Epoch Media Group and "individuals in Vietnam working on its behalf." The company did not outline precisely how it made the connection, but in recent years Facebook has hired a team of investigators to find fake accounts on the platform.The Epoch Times newspaper is part of the Epoch Media Group. The newspaper has almost 6 million followers on Facebook. Nathaniel Gleicher, Facebook's head of security policy, told CNN Business Thursday that Facebook was not suspending the newspaper's account but investigations into Epoch's behavior on Facebook were ongoing.Snopes reported earlier this month that the publisher of the Epoch Times denied that The BL and Epoch were linked.In August, Facebook banned ads from The Epoch Times after an NBC News investigation detailed how the newspaper was secretly running pro-Trump Facebook ads under alternate accounts. The Epoch Times' publisher said in a statement to NBC News, "The Epoch Times advertisements are print-subscription advertisements describing our paper's reporting — a popular practice of many publishers — and every one of these ads was approved by Facebook before publishing."A Facebook spokesperson said the company shared its findings with Twitter and Google, which owns YouTube.A Twitter spokesperson confirmed in a statement Friday, "today we identified and suspended approximately 700 accounts originating from Vietnam for violating our rules around platform manipulation — specifically fake accounts and spam.""Investigations are still ongoing, but our initial findings have not identified links between these accounts and state-sponsored actors," the spokesperson added.Google did not immediately respond to CNN Business' request for comment. 8341

With the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yet to develop a regulatory framework for CBD-infused products, states are stepping in. This week, Illinois introduced new legislation that could require the testing of CBD products sold in its state. The hemp-derived cannabidiol, or CBD, is sold as a supplement, promising to manage everything from anxiety and insomnia to chronic pain.Rahul Easwar, co-founder of Chicago-based CBD-retailer LeafyQuick, says the product is everywhere.“Gummies, edibles, we’ve got bath bombs, salts, topical lotions," Easwar says. "You name it, there’s CBD in it.”But while some CBD shops like LeafyQuick only sell products that have been tested, there are no laws requiring that. “We don’t obviously accept every brand that knocks on our door, and we go through a very stringent due-diligence process,” says Easwar.And because CBD products are considered supplements rather than drugs, they remain largely unregulated. Since 2015 the Food and Drug Administration has issued more than four dozen warning letters to firms marketing unapproved drugs allegedly containing CBD. Many did not contain the levels of the cannabis derivative they claimed to.It’s that uncertainty about what’s in the products that prompted Illinois state representative Bob Morgan to act. “These are products coming in from other states more often than not are not being tested,” says Morgan. “We don't know if they have heavy metals pesticides contaminants synthetic THC or something way worse.”Morgan is pushing a bill that would require all CBD products sold in the state to pass minimum testing standards. “We should have these high expectations, especially since people were consuming this product,” says Morgan. “These are things people are ingesting and we have to make sure they’re safe.”If they’re not safe, the proposed law would require untested products to be pulled from shelves and online. Sellers violating the law could face stiff fines.It’s something retailers like Rahul Easwar say is essential to the CBD business' long-term success.“Especially retailers, more so the consumers need to demand such regulations and more stringent regulations in my opinion.”For now, there are still no national standards for CBD testing. Morgan says until federal regulators catch it’s up to the states to take the lead. 2334

With the popularity of Netflix's documentary 'Tiger King' sweeping the nation, a Florida sheriff announced they are looking for new leads into the disappearance of Carole Baskin's husband, Don Lewis.Hillsborough County Sheriff Chad Chronister announced on his Facebook page Monday. 293

IMPERIAL BEACH, Calif. (KGTV) - More than 60 people packed a quarterly meeting held by the U.S. International Boundary and Water Commission. Frustration grew in the room when residents realized it was a similar conversation as in past meetings. Many complained about a lack of direction presented at the meeting. "Too much talking, not enough action," said John Munns, a South Bay resident and a member of the group, Citizens for Coastal Conservancy. Carlos Pena, with the IBWC, says it's a complicated issue that involves many moving parts. The plans discussed at the meeting involved improving the wastewater infrastructures in Tijuana or creating defense structures in the U.S. along the border to protect its communities from sewage runoff. It could also be a combination of both. However, each of the projects would cost millions of dollars. It would also take planning, funding, and construction. They are solutions that will take years to accomplish, according to Pena. They will be creating a berm or land barrier to protect areas from runoff. They plan to finish that by the summer. But Pena admits it is more of a band-aid than a solution. 1164

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- The pomp and circumstance will be virtual this year, but the money incoming Mayor Todd Gloria and the nine City Council members will take home is very real.Starting Thursday, the city will pay its mayor 6,000 a year -- more than double outgoing Mayor Kevin Faulconer’s roughly 1,000 salary.Meanwhile, City Council salaries will jump from ,000 a year to 4,000 overnight. That's a 65 percent raise; it increases to 5,000 on Dec. 10, 2022.The timing may seem odd, given the pandemic's impact on jobs and our economy, and the fact that major city general fund revenues are projected to be about million under budget this fiscal year. But it turns out San Diego voters authorized these pay increases back in 2018 via Measure L, which voters passed with 78 percent approval.In a statement, a spokeswoman for Gloria said he would accept the full salary."Nearly 80 percent of San Diego voters agreed that the adjustments to the salaries of San Diego elected officials was the right thing to do. The City’s budget will be balanced while we implement the will of the voters," said spokeswoman Jen Lebron.San Diego attorney Bob Ottilie, who authored the measure, said in the end it will improve how the city is run.“We're going to have a better quality of governance because of this,” said Ottilie.The measure eliminated the council’s ability to set salaries and instead tied the mayor, city council and city attorney salaries to those of Superior Court judges, amid other ethics reforms. Ottlie began pushing for the change after the council approved the infamous Chargers ticket guarantee in the 1990s.“Think of how many parks, rec centers, libraries, after-school hour programs for kids you can fund with that kind of money," he said. "So you get smart people on the council that are real business people that aren't going gaga over a sports franchise or something else, and you save the city a lot of money."But former City Councilman Carl DeMaio says voters were misled because Measure L’s ballot language was not overt about the large pay raises. He takes issue with its title: Charter amendments regarding ethics and compensation for elected officials.“If voters knew that they were voting to give a massive salary increase to mayor and council it would have probably got 10 percent vote,” he said.But Ottilie said all of the key information was in ballot materials sent to voters. He said he already noticed the higher quality of candidates for the 2020 election, noting several possess advanced degrees.The City Attorney’s salary will increase from 4,000 to 6,000 per year, starting Thursday. 2645