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WASHINGTON, March 4 (Xinhua) -- New data suggest that the epilepsy drug Topamax (topiramate) and its generic versions increase the risk for the birth defects cleft lip and cleft palate in babies born to women who use the medication during pregnancy, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said Friday in a statement.Before prescribing topiramate, approved to treat certain types of seizures in people who have epilepsy, health care professionals should warn patients of childbearing age about the potential hazard to the fetus if a woman becomes pregnant while using the drug, the FDA said.Topiramate also is approved to prevent migraine headaches, but not to relieve the pain of migraines."Health care professionals should carefully consider the benefits and risks of topiramate when prescribing it to women of childbearing age," said Russell Katz, director of the Division of Neurology Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "Alternative medications that have a lower risk of birth defects should be considered."Cleft lip and cleft palate, collectively called oral clefts, are birth defects that occur when parts of the lip or palate do not completely fuse together early in the first trimester of pregnancy, a time when many women do not know they are pregnant.The defects range from a small notch in the lip to a groove that runs into the roof of the mouth and nose, possibly leading to problems with eating, talking, and to ear infections. Surgery often is performed to close the lip and palate and most children do well after treatment.Data from the North American Antiepileptic Drug (AED) Pregnancy Registry indicate an increased risk of oral clefts in infants exposed to topiramate during the first trimester of pregnancy. Infants exposed to topiramate as a single therapy experienced a 1.4 percent prevalence of oral clefts, compared with a prevalence of 0.38 percent - 0.55 percent in infants exposed to other antiepileptic drugs.Infants of mothers who did not have epilepsy and were not being treated with other antiepileptic drugs had a prevalence of 0.07 percent. Similar data from the United Kingdom Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register supported the North American AED Pregnancy Registry data.According to the FDA, before starting topiramate, pregnant women and women of childbearing potential should discuss other treatment options with their health care professional.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 19 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States have agreed to further boost their bilateral relationship toward a cooperative partnership for the benefit of the whole world, President Hu Jintao said Wednesday.The visiting Chinese leader presented the course forward at a joint press conference at the White House with his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama following their eighth meeting in two years.During the talks, conducted in "a candid, pragmatic and constructive atmosphere," the two sides reached "important agreement on China-U.S. relations and major international and regional issues of shared interests," according to the Chinese president.Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd L) holds a bilateral meeting with U.S. President Barack Obama (2nd R) at the White House in Washington, the United States, Jan. 19, 2011. "We both agree to further push forward the positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relationship," Hu said, adding that both sides also pledged to forge "a China-U.S. cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit" for the benefit of the two countries and beyond.Meanwhile, the two sides "should firmly adhere to the right direction," respecting each other's core interests and handling their relations with a long-term perspective, which will enable both countries to make greater contributions to world peace and development, he said.Citing the growing number of global challenges, the Chinese president stressed that Beijing and Washington "share expanding common interests and shoulder increasing common responsibilities."Accordingly, he added, the two sides have agreed to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in economy, trade, environment, education, science and technology, non-proliferation and counter-terrorism among many other fields.During Hu's ongoing state visit, the two countries signed a number of cooperation agreements. "These will inject fresh momentum into our bilateral cooperation and create a great many job opportunities for our two countries," Hu said.He added that he and Obama also discussed some disagreements in the economic and trade area, with both sides pledging "to continue to appropriately resolve these according to the principle of mutual respect and consultation on an equal footing."Commenting on the relations between the countries's armed forces, Hu said, "We believe expansion of military exchanges and cooperation will be conducive to deepening mutual trust between our two countries."On the situation on the Korean Peninsula, he said that both countries agreed to work together with relevant parties to maintain peace and stability on the peninsula, promote denuclearization of the peninsula and achieve lasting peace and security in Northeast Asia.The Chinese leader reaffirmed China's firm commitment to the path of peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening up, and appreciated Obama's commitment to a positive and constructive China policy."China is a friend and partner of all countries, and China's development is an opportunity for the world," he said.

LOS ANGELES, May 8 (Xinhua) -- Kids born in the spring and summer months might be more likely to develop celiac disease, U.S. researchers have found.Researchers from the Massachusetts General Hospital for Children drew the conclusion after examining data on 382 children diagnosed with celiac disease at between 11 months and 19 years of age, HealthDay News reported on Sunday.The study found that in the 15- to 19-year-old set, birth season appeared to make no difference, but among 317 children younger than 15 years of age, 57 percent were born in the "light" season of March through August, compared with 43 percent who were born in the "dark" season of September through February.The findings suggest that the higher incidence of this autoimmune disease may be related to a combination of seasonal and environmental factors, the report said.Celiac disease is a digestive disorder triggered by consuming the protein gluten, which is primarily found in bread and other foods containing wheat, barley or rye. It can damage the small intestine and make it difficult to absorb certain nutrients, causing problems ranging from abdominal pain to nerve damage.Even though the exact cause of celiac disease is unknown, potential triggers include the timing of infants' introduction to gluten, and viral infections contracted during the first year of life.The study's findings suggest the season of a child's birth is another potential risk factor for the disease.The researchers pointed out that infants are generally introduced to solid foods containing gluten at around six months of age, which for spring and summer babies would coincide with cold and flu season.Based on the findings, the age at which gluten is first offered to some babies may need to be altered, said the study's lead researcher, Dr. Pornthep Tanpowpong. "If you're born in the spring or the summer, it might not be appropriate to introduce gluten at the same point as someone born in the fall or winter," said Tanpowpong. "Although we need to further develop and test our hypothesis, we think it provides a helpful clue for ongoing efforts to prevent celiac disease."The study also noted that exposure to sunlight may also play a role in celiac disease, since vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the disease.The study was presented Sunday in Chicago during Digestive Disease Week, an international gathering sponsored by the American Gastroenterological Association and other organizations, HealthDay News said.Because the study was presented at a medical meeting and is small, its findings should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal and confirmed in other research, the report said.

NEW YORK, March 9 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. stocks dropped on Wednesday, the two-year anniversary of the beginning of a bull market, as concerns of oil prices and Middle East unrest continued to weigh on investors' minds.U.S. crude oil price dipped on Wednesday as crude inventories rose more than expected, though Brent crude rose on fears caused by continued violence in Libya.Meanwhile, Rex Tillerson, the CEO of energy giant Exxon Mobil Corp., said on Wednesday that he didn't think the recent jump in oil prices was hurting the U.S. economy just yet, but it's getting close.The market was worrying that the surging oil prices would hurt global economic recovery. Adding to those concerns, the Portuguese government's two-year cost of borrowing hit the highest level since it joined the eurozone in a bond auction on Wednesday.Wednesday marked the two-year anniversary of the beginning of a bull market. On March 9, 2009, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed at 6,547 and the Standard & Poor's 500 Index closed at 677. The Dow is back above 12,000 now and the S&P 500 index has almost doubled.Meanwhile, the wholesale report was slightly positive, but still failed to boost the market. According to the U.S. Commerce Department, the wholesale inventories climbed 1.1 percent in January. Sales at the wholesale level rose 3.4 percent, the largest gain since November 2009.Economists expected that as businesses kept expanding, demands for products would continue to grow. And larger sales may also encourage businesses to keep restocking their shelves and boost factory production.According to the report, a 10.6-percent rise in demand for petroleum helped lift sales, reflecting higher oil and gas prices.While some investors were concerned that surging oil prices might have a negative impact on economy, some others believed the boost in sales and inventories in January hinted that the economy could withstand the impact.The Dow Jones industrial average lost 1.29 points, or 0.01 percent, to 12,213.09. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index was down 1. 80 points, or 0.14 percent, to 1,320.02. The Nasdaq declined 14.05 points, or 0.51 percent, to 2,751.72.

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