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WASHINGTON, Jan. 2 (Xinhua) -- A hormone derived from visceral fat called adiponectin may play a role as a risk factor for development of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in women, according to a study published on Monday in online issue of the Archives of Neurology.Thomas van Himbergen, from Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, and colleagues measured levels of glucose, insulin, and glycated albumin, as well as C reactive protein, lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2, and adiponectin in the plasma of patients at the 19th biennial examination (1985 -- 1988) of the Framingham Heart Study.The 840 patients (541 women, median age of 76 years) were followed-up for an average of 13 years and evaluated for signs of the development of AD and all-cause dementia. During that time, 159 patients developed dementia, including 125 cases of AD. After adjustment for other dementia risk factors (age, low plasma docosahexaenoic acid, weight change) only adiponectin in women was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and AD."It is well established that insulin signaling is dysfunctional in the brains of patients with AD, and since adiponectin enhances insulin sensitivity, one would also expect beneficial actions protecting against cognitive decline," the authors write. "Our data, however, indicate that elevated adiponectin level was associated with an increased risk of dementia and AD in women."

CANBERRA, Dec. 9 (Xinhua) -- Scientists from Australia's University of New England on Friday said they had discovered the remarkably fossil isa metre-long arthropod with excellent vision called anomalocaris from Emu Bay Shale of South Australia.The scientists reported their finding on the anomalocaris in thescience journal Nature this week.It is reported that anomalocaris is a fearsome ancient predator that swam in the Cambrian oceans 500 million years ago. The researchers said the presence of anomalocaris would have driven the development of protective adaptations in prey animals. Such an escalatory 'arms race' would have seen, for instance, the evolution of such adaptations in prey as shells, camouflage and burrowing into sediments. "It has been unbelievably frustrating being able to see eyes like these at fossil sites like the Burgess Shale (in the Canadian Rocky Mountains), but not have any details. It is really refreshing to have our ideas about these animals confirmed at last, " comments Simon Conway Morris, a palaeontologist at the University of Cambridge, the United Kingdom.The research team was led by paleontologist Dr John Paterson, of the University of New England. He said the most surprising discovery of anomalocaris is the huge number of tiny hardened lenses in each eyes."When you consider that a modern housefly, for example, has about 3000 lenses, it's pretty impressive that an animal half a billion years old already has remarkable vision like this," Paterson said in statement."The fact that each eye in anomalocaris would have had over 16, 000 lenses means it would have very, very good resolution."Paterson said the acute vision of Anomalocaris gave it a distinct advantage over competing predators and prey, as many Cambrian animals either had poor vision or were completely blind. Its acute vision rivals or exceeds that of most living insects and was probably comparable to predatory dragonflies today.He said their findings support the idea that compound eyes evolved very early on in arthropod evolution, before the evolution of jointed legs or hardened exoskeletons.The research team hopes they can find the more fossil remains of Cambrian creatures in the Emu Bay Shale.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- Supervised exercise was shown to be more effective than stenting or medication for improved walking ability in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), according to a U.S. study reported Wednesday at the 2011 American Heart Association Scientific Sessions meeting.The research group reported that of 111 patients studied in the randomized trial, the most effective treatment proved to be supervised exercise based on the results of a treadmill test taken at baseline and again at six months. Patients who were in the supervised exercise group improved by a mean of 4.6 minutes in the treadmill test, while the group who received stents improved by a mean of 2.5 minutes. However, researchers found that self-reported quality of life measurements proved to be higher in the group that received stents, even though their ability to walk did not improve as greatly as the group that received supervised exercise rehabilitation.The findings were published in the November issue of the journal Circulation. The researchers believe that more studies are necessary, although supervised exercise may be an effective treatment recommended for PAD patients with claudication.PAD is a condition in which plaque builds up in the arteries and affects blood flow, especially to the legs. It is estimated that between 10 and 12 million people suffer from PAD in the United States. One symptom of PAD is known as claudication, a painful cramping of the leg muscles that limits the patient's ability to walk. It affects nearly 2 million people who suffer from PAD, and results in a sedentary lifestyle and poor quality of life.Current U.S. guidelines for the treatment of claudication include pharmacotherapy, supervised exercise rehabilitation and lower extremity revascularization using stents.

BEIJING, Nov. 20 (Xinhua) -- China on Sunday morning put two satellites into orbit from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China's Gansu Province.The satellites, Chuangxin 1-03 and Shiyan Satellite 4 were launched on a Long March 2D carrier rocket at 8:15 a.m. Beijing Time, said a Xinhua photographer, who witnessed the whole process.The Chuangxin 1-03, developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, will be used to collect and relay water conservancy, hydrological and meteorological data and data for power supply and disaster relief from monitoring stations.The Shiyan Satellite 4 will be used for experiments on space technologies and environment probe. Developed by the Chinese Research Institute of Space Technology, it is the country's fourth technology experiment satellite.The launch was the 151th of China's Long March series of rockets. The Long March-2D is one of the derivations of Long March-2.China started development of modern carrier rockets in 1956, and Long March rockets have become the main carriers for China's satellite launching.

HELSINKI, Nov.23 (Xinhua) -- Nokia Siemens Networks is planning to cut its workforce by 17,000 worldwide by the end of 2013, the company said in a statement on Wednesday in Espoo, Finland.The company said the measures are part of an extensive global restructuring program, in which it will focus on mobile broadband and services."We need to take the necessary steps to maintain long term competitiveness and improve profitability in a challenging telecommunications market," said the company's Chief Executive Rajeev Suri in the statement.Rajeev Suri called the job cuts regrettable but necessary, and said the company would provide support for individuals and communities affected by the cuts, but defended the decision on economic grounds.Nokia Siemens is aiming to cut operating expenditures by around a billion euros over two years.Some 74,000 people currently work for the Espoo-based company in 150 countries, around 7,000 in Finland. The company will announce the geographical distribution of the job cuts later on.

来源：资阳报