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South Korea's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport said the company might also face criminal charges.BMW is facing a nearly million fine over a rash of engine fires. South Korea's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport made 258

Spending 340 days aboard the International Space Station between 2015 and 2016 caused changes in astronaut Scott Kelly's body, from his weight down to his genes, according to the results of the NASA Twins Study, released Thursday.The majority of changes that occurred in Kelly's body, compared with his identical brother, Mark, on Earth, returned to normal once he came back from the space station. The study results suggest that human health can be "mostly sustained" for a year in space, the researchers said.On a call with reporters Thursday, Mark thanked Scott for his service to the country and commitment to science by spending a year in space without knowing how it would affect him."I got all the glory, and you got all the work," Scott said, chiding his twin."And I got people coming to my house for tubes of blood," Mark replied in reference to the scientific samples taken during Scott's mission; Scott was collecting the same samples from himself to send back to researchers on Earth.The results show "the resilience and robustness of the human body," said Steven Platts, deputy chief scientist for NASA's Human Research Program, which coordinated the study.Coincidentally, the results are being released just in time for the 58th anniversary of the first manned spaceflight by Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.But the much-anticipated study reveals areas that may require countermeasures or safeguards when preparing for longer space missions or missions to deep space, like Mars.The molecular, physiological and behavioral changes were divided into low-, mid-level and high-risk groups. Scott's change in body mass and microbiome were considered low-risk. Shifts in collagen regulation and blood vessel fluid management were mid-level, and genomic instability was regarded as potentially high-risk."When we go into space and experience microgravity and travel at speeds like 17,500 miles an hour, our bodies adapt and continue to function and, by and large, function extremely well," Platts said.The study, which includes the work of 84 scientists who made up 10 teams from 12 universities in eight states, all studying different aspects of the human body in space, was published Thursday in the journal 2227

Scans of the lungs of the sickest COVID-19 patients show distinctive patterns of infection, but so far those clues offer little help in predicting which patients will pull through. For now, doctors are relying on what’s called supportive care that’s standard for severe pneumonia.Doctors in areas still bracing for an onslaught of sick patients are scouring medical reports and hosting webinars with Chinese doctors to get the best advice on what works and what hasn’t.One thing that’s clear around the globe: Age makes a huge difference in survival. And one reason is that seniors’ lungs don’t have as much of what geriatrics expert Dr. Richard Baron calls reserve capacity.“At age 18, you have a lot of extra lung capacity you don’t use unless you’re running a marathon,” explained Baron, who heads the American Board of Internal Medicine. That capacity gradually declines with age even in otherwise healthy people, so “if you’re an old person, even a mild form can overwhelm your lungs if you don’t have enough reserve.”Here’s what scientists can say so far about treating those who become severely ill.HOW DOES COVID-19 HARM THE LUNGS?The new coronavirus, like most respiratory viruses, is spread by droplets from someone’s cough or sneeze. The vast majority of patients recover, most after experiencing mild or moderate symptoms such as fever and cough. But sometimes the virus makes its way deep into the lungs to cause pneumonia.Lungs contain grapelike clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli. When you breathe, oxygen fills the sacs and passes straight into blood vessels that nestle alongside them. Pneumonia occurs when an infection -- of any sort, not just this new virus -- inflames the lungs’ sacs. In severe cases they fill with fluid, dead cells and other debris so oxygen can’t get through.If other countries have the same experience as China, about 5% of COVID-19 patients could become sick enough to require intensive careHOW DOES THAT DAMAGE APPEAR?Doctors at New York’s Mount Sinai Health System analyzed 121 chest CT scans shared by colleagues in China and spotted something unusual.Healthy lungs look mostly black on medical scans because they’re full of air. An early infection with bacterial pneumonia tends to show up as a white blotch in one section of one lung. Pneumonia caused by a virus can show up as hazy patches that go by a weird name -- “ground glass opacities.”In people who get COVID-19 pneumonia, that haze tends to cluster on the outside edge of both lungs, by the ribs, a distinctive pattern, said Dr. Adam Bernheim, a radiologist at Mount Sinai.As infection worsens, the haze forms rounder clusters and gradually turns more white as the air sacs become increasingly clogged.HOW TO TREAT THE PNEUMONIA?There are no drugs so far that directly attack the new coronavirus, although doctors are trying some experimentally, including an old malaria treatment and one under development to treat Ebola.“The best treatment we have is supportive care,” said Dr. Aimee Moulin, an emergency care physician at the University of California Davis Medical Center.That centers around assistance in breathing when the oxygen levels in patients’ blood starts to drop. For some people, oxygen delivered through a mask or tubes in the nose is enough. More severely ill patients will need a breathing machine.“The goal is to keep the person alive until the disease takes its course” and the lungs begin to heal, explained Mount Sinai’s Dr. Neil Schachter.The very worst cases develop an inflammatory condition called ARDS -- acute respiratory distress syndrome — that floods the lungs with fluid. That’s when the immune system’s attempt to fight infection “is going crazy and itself attacking the lung,” Baron explained.Many things besides the coronavirus can cause the condition, and regardless of the cause, it comes with a high risk of death.WHAT ELSE IS IMPACTED?Severe pneumonia of any sort can cause shock and other organ damage. But in a webinar last week, Chinese doctors told members of the American College of Cardiology to watch for some additional problems in severe COVID-19, especially in people with heart disease. The worst off may need blood thinners as their blood starts to abnormally clot, and the heart itself may sustain damage not just from lack of oxygen but from the inflammation engulfing the body.Another caution: The sickest patients can deteriorate rapidly, something a hospital in Kirkland, Washington, witnessed.Of 21 patients who needed critical care at Evergreen Hospital, 17 were moved into the ICU without 24 hours of hospital admission, doctors reported last week in the 4639

State fire investigators have officially determined that Pacific Gas & Electric Corp. power lines caused a November 2018 wildfire that destroyed nearly 15,000 homes in Paradise, California.A full investigation report has not yet been released, but instead forwarded to the Butte County, California district attorney's office, 342

Serena Williams moved into a 10th US Open final and picked up a record-equaling 101st win in New York by routing Elina Svitolina 6-3, 6-1 but the number she might still be preoccupied with is 24.Collecting a 24th major Saturday would tie the American with Margaret Court for tennis' all-time lead, and the 37-year-old is hoping to get over the finish line after losing three grand slam finals in a row -- which had never previously happened in her storied three-decade career.The latest setback occurred at Wimbledon in July, when Williams was stopped thanks largely to the brilliance of Simona Halep. The Romanian committed a miniscule three unforced errors in the final.Svitolina is a similar type of counterpuncher, but the fifth seed from Ukraine paid the price for not capitalizing on her early opportunities under the lights of Arthur Ashe stadium.The Wimbledon semifinalist earned three break points straight away, didn't convert, then was broken from 40-0 to trail 2-0. Those first two games took an extended 15 minutes.There was more woe for Svitolina and her player box -- which included her boyfriend, Gael Monfils, who lost in the quarterfinals Wednesday -- when she couldn't break from 40-0 on the Williams serve at 3-1.That really was her last chance to gain a foothold. Not long after, Williams booked a spot in the final almost exactly 20 years after appearing in her first grand slam final at the 1999 US Open. That gap is a record -- another record she owns.Svitolina won the last time they faced off, though Williams was suffering from a shoulder injury back then at the Rio Olympics in 2016.Williams tied Chris Evert for top spot in US Open victories. She has spent an economical one hour, 54 minutes combined on court in her last two matches, crushing China's Wang Qiang in the quarterfinals and surrendering only one set en route to the final.Williams moving greatPutting a knee injury behind her, Williams moved supremely well at the Rogers Cup in Toronto in August and looks to have overcome the back injury that forced her to retire in that final against Bianca Andreescu as well as the rolled ankle she sustained this week against Petra Martic.She patrolled the court sublimely to bring up a break point at 1-1 in the second and even, rarely for her, served and volleyed.Williams could face the 19-year-old Canadian upstart again if Andreescu tops Belinda Bencic in the second semifinal. Andreescu or Bencic will be appearing in a first grand slam final.It's all going so well for Williams but the question indeed is whether she can produce in the final and win a major for the first time since becoming a mom to daughter Olympia almost exactly two years ago.Williams was once unbeatable in grand slam finals, winning eight straight from 2012-2015.But twelve months ago, she controversially fell to Naomi Osaka at Flushing Meadows.Though they lack in experience, the crafty pair of Bencic or Andreescu shouldn't be taken lightly.No one has tallied more top-five or top-10 wins this season than former teen prodigy Bencic -- who beat Williams in 2015 and Osaka this week -- while 15th-seed Andreescu has won 12 straight matches, and 22 if you discount a retirement loss to Anett Kontaveit in Miami in March. 3244

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