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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Independent reviews by the FDA show the COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna have similar levels of safety and efficacy, although there are early indications of potential differences.Both vaccines rely on the same basic approach: jumpstarting the immune system with messenger RNA. The FDA confirmed their overall efficacy is essentially identical; 95 percent for Pfizer and 94.1 percent for Moderna.However, signals in the data suggest Moderna’s vaccine may better protect against severe cases of COVID-19, while Pfizer’s vaccine may work better in adults over 65. But experts warned those differences may just be statistical illusions.In Moderna’s study of 30,000 volunteers, 30 people got severe cases of COVID-19. All 30 of those cases were in the placebo group, suggesting the vaccine offers powerful protection against the most serious symptoms.In Pfizer’s trial of 44,000 volunteers, one vaccinated person got a severe case compared to 10 people in the placebo group.“We still need more data,” said Dr. Abisola Olulade of Sharp Rees-Stealy. “It's not a reason to recommend one versus the other.”In adults over 65, the efficacy of Moderna’s vaccine dipped slightly to 86.4 percent. Pfizer’s vaccine was 92.9 percent effective in people aged 65 to 74 and 100 percent effective in individuals 75 and up.“When I think people in the community look at that number, they might say, ‘Oh, that Moderna vaccine probably isn't as good for the older population compared to the Pfizer vaccine.’ But as a clinician looking at numbers, they're both amazing,” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.FDA scientists found both vaccines are safe but short-term side effects are common, especially with Moderna’s drug. Both vaccines are administered in two doses. The table below lists the percentage of vaccinated volunteers who reported a side effect after either dose, although side effects were most common after the second injection.Side effect Moderna PfizerFatigue 68.5% 62.9%Headache 63.0% 55.1%Muscle pain59.6%38.3%Joint pain44.8%23.6%Chills43.4%31.9%Fever14.8%14.2%Typically the symptoms went away in one day.“Just because a vaccine has side effects doesn’t mean it’s not safe,” said Dr. Olulade. “We know that side effects happen actually because your immune system is working and waking up. It's actually a positive thing.”The slight difference in side effects could be because of differences in the way researchers polled volunteers, or it could be something with the architecture of the vaccines, experts said.The companies use different tiny bubbles of fat to enclose the messenger RNA. Moderna’s bubble is a little stronger and more stable so it doesn’t need to be stored at sub-arctic temperatures.“It could be that [Moderna’s] elicits a little more inflammation than the other,” Dr. Chin-Hong said.Having slightly more side effects could be a sign that Moderna’s vaccine prompts a stronger immune response that might lead to longer-lasting immunity, but the durability of either vaccine remains one of the most pressing unanswered questions.The biggest difference may be where the vaccines are deployed. Since Pfizer's vaccine needs to be stored at such cold temperatures, experts said Moderna's vaccine may be prioritized for rural hospitals and community health centers that lack ultra-cold storage units. 3370

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — If your New Year's resolution was to be more of a foodie, this month gives you the best chance to do so.San Diego Restaurant Week brings special pricing and delicious eats to hungry locals from Jan. 19 - 26. More than 180 restaurants take part in the week-long event, which offers two-course lunch price points from to , and three-course dinner options from to .Restaurant Week also gives diners the ability to play chef themselves and create their own meal using choices on prix fixe menus. Diners can assemble the perfect plates by choosing between drinks, appetizers, shared plates, or desserts. So, grab a couple of drinks and an appetizer for dinner, or two desserts for lunch.RELATED: Yelp's top place to eat at this year is a San Diego food truckTo take part in the delicious offerings, diners only need to visit a participating restaurant during the week and order from the special menu. Restaurants highly recommend making a reservation, but walk-ins are welcomed. Every restaurant also previews their Restaurant Week menu online, so diners can plan beforehand. A list of participating restaurants and their menus is available here. Participating restaurants include AVANT, Bali Hai, Cucina Urbana, JRDN, Puesto, and many more.Of course, restaurants will still offer their regular menu options as well. 1352

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Low-lying parts of San Diego are dealing with the possibility of more coastal flooding Saturday and Sunday morning because of "King Tides." The high tide event is expected to occur the mornings of December 22 and 23, according to tidal charts. King tides occur when there is an alignment of the gravitational pull of the sun and the moon. RELATED: Sandbags available in San Diego CountySome parts of Imperial Beach already experienced tidal flooding Friday morning as several homeowners reported water entered their homes. Wow! Really high tide here in Imperial beach. Water soaking the area. @10News pic.twitter.com/F3P6dNr7HS— Mimi Elkalla (@10NewsMimi) December 21, 2018 700

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In just days, Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine will go before a key group of scientific advisers to the Food and Drug Administration, and a San Diego doctor will be part of the process to cast an important vote.Dr. Mark Sawyer, an infectious disease specialist at Rady Children’s Hospital, will serve as a voting member of the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee or VRBPAC when the body meets Dec. 10 to publicly vet Pfizer’s COVID-19 candidate.Dr. Sawyer is also a professor of clinical pediatrics at UC San Diego. He has served before on this outside advisory committee to the FDA, but the stakes have never been so high.“I mean this is a tough decision,” he said in an interview Friday. “We're weighing the benefit of a vaccine against the risks. And with any new product, we don't know the risks and we have to estimate based on the data we have.”Dr. Sawyer said he received Pfizer’s full Phase 3 data Friday morning, making him one of the first Americans outside the FDA to see the full details of the company’s large-scale clinical trial. The FDA is expected to release the data to the general public by Tuesday, two days before the public meeting.Sawyer will be one of about 20 outside vaccine experts from around the country on VRBPAC. The FDA hasn’t yet released a full roster of the doctors and scientists who will take part. The independent advisory committee will hear comments from Pfizer and the FDA and listen to public input before voting on whether to recommend emergency authorization.The marathon meeting is expected to last up to nine hours.“The FDA counts on this advisory committee to be an independent group of people who are looking at the same information they looked at and asking us what our concerns are, or whether we reached the same conclusion that their staff have reached,” he said.The meeting comes on the heels of a study by Pew Research that found lingering skepticism of the vaccine. Just 60% of Americans planned to get vaccinated as of the survey released Monday.“I do think that's going to change once this committee meets and the data is made public and we can all talk together as a community about what we know about the safety, and what we don't know, frankly,” he said.Dr. Sawyer was a member of VRBPAC for four years and briefly served as the acting chair in 2017.The committee meets a few times each year to make recommendations on the annual flu vaccine and other drugs.The committee’s vote is not binding. The job of the outside advisers is to issue a recommendation and the FDA can overrule them, but the agency rarely does. From 2003 to 2019, VRBPAC made 105 recommendations. The agency fully implemented 84% of VRBPAC’s recommendations and partially implemented 10%, according to Union of Concerned Scientists.That means when the committee votes Thursday, it’ll carry a lot of weight. The FDA is expected to announce its final decision shortly after the vote, possibly within hours.Dr. Sawyer said the advisers will make a decision following the process they traditionally do, based on all the knowns and unknowns. “And we’re going to weigh that against what we're going through right now,” he said. “Our hospitals are getting overwhelmed. Our ICUs are getting full.”“We really need to do something to intervene and the vaccine is the best thing we've got going,” he added. 3369

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - It's a weekend for food, fun, and a funky-smelling flower.Fleet Science Center is bringing the magic of "Star Wars" to our galaxy with a pre-party and private screening of "Solo: A Star Wars Story."Bolt Brewery is hosting a celebration for the local non-profit Traveling Stories with performances by "One Tree Hill" star Tyler Hilton and former American Idol contestant Lindsey Carrier in La Mesa, complete with food and drinks, and activities for kids.Don't see anything interesting? Check our 10News event calendar for even more local happenings!Catfishing season is back in Lakeside, with Lake Jennings being stocked with 2,000 pounds of catfish for Memorial Day weekend.Vista's famed Strawberry Festival also returns, with more than 400 vendors, carnival rides, and, of course, lots of strawberries.If you're willing to put up with the scent, a "corpse flower" will be in bloom at the San Diego Botanical Gardens this weekend as well. The name is enough warning of what you'll smell.THURSDAYFleet Night of ScienceWhere: Fleet Science Center; Cost: .49Celebrate the opening of the new Star Wars flick, "Solo: A Star Wars Story" with a pre-party at the Sandbox followed by a private screening! Jump into themed activities, meet the local 501st Legion Stormtroopers, and explore the "Star Wars" universe with Dr. Lisa Will and Dr. Shane Haggard and comedian Robert Timothy. Family Fun FestWhere: Bolt Brewing; Cost: - Local nonprofit Traveling Stories is celebrating their 8th year with a family fun fest, featuring a silent auction, food and drinks, activities for kids, and live performances from Tyler Hilton, of "One Tree Hill," and Lindsey Carrier, a former American Idol contestant. 1765