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BEIJING, Oct. 15 (Xinhua) -- Northeast China's Jilin province, one of the country's major grain production centers, is poised to see a bumper harvest this year despite low temperatures and devastating floods and as concerns about food security increase on the eve of World Food Day on Oct. 16.Grain production is expected to hit a record 29.5 million tonnes in Jilin this year, surpassing the previous high of 28.4 million tonnes in 2008, said Wang Shouchen, vice governor of the province.Meanwhile, Heilongjiang province, the country's largest grain production center in northeast China, may also produce a record output this year, surpassing last year's 43.53 million tonnes.China's annual grain production has grown for six consecutive years, with total output hitting 530.8 million tonnes, up 100.1 million tonnes from 2003, but experts say more frequent natural disasters, decreasing arable land, rapid urbanization and industrialization are posing great challenges to the country's food security.Zheng Fengtian, a professor of agriculture and rural development works with the Beijing-based Renmin University of China, told Xinhua one of greatest future challenges for China's food security will be the Chinese farmer's unwillingness to produce grains because of low yields. Instead, most farmers will prefer being migrant workers in big cities. < Their interest in growing grains might becomes further dampened as prices of agricultural equipment and other materials continue rising. In contrast, migrant workers are receiving increasingly higher pay in the cities, Zheng said.Government figures show about 47 percent of Chinese people, or 622 million people, now live in cities and towns; almost 200 million are immigrants, or people from other parts of the country.At a forum on the urban-rural divide last month, Zuo Xuejin, Executive Vice President of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said that another 400 million people from rural China are likely to migrate to cities in the next 20 years, which means there will be fewer farmers in the fields.With China's rapid industrialization and urbanization, a decline in available farming land is inevitable, and poses a large threat for China's food security, Zheng Fengtian said.A survey by the Ministry of Land and Resources shows that farm lands have shrunk by 123 million mu (8.2 million hectares) between 1997 and 2009.The Chinese government announced in 2003 that it would put in place a strict system to protect arable land, and guaranteed that a minimum 1.8-billion mu of arable land would be available. But official figures reveal arable land totaled only 1.635 billion mu last year, down by 191 million mu from 2008.Zheng Fengtian said to ensure food security, the government should show more determination in protecting farm land. But more importantly, it should also increase profit yields for grain growers, and by facilitating technological advances, also help to raise the grain yield per unit of arable land.World Food Day, initiated in 1981 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), is celebrated every year on Oct. 16. The theme this year is United against Hunger.In part due to soaring food prices and the financial crisis in 2009, one billion people around the world are suffering from hunger, which FAO Director-General Jacques Diouf said was a "tragic achievement in these modern days," according to a statement on the FAO website.While some people are starving, the quantity of food that gets wasted stands in stark contrast. Zheng Tianfeng estimated that about 85 million tonnes of grain were wasted in China during consumption and storage. Also, at least 10 percent of food is wasted daily at family dinner tables.A survey by food authorities in 2006 also showed 8-10 percent of the grain was lost in storage, which means that Chinese farmers can lose up to 20 million tonnes of grain each year.In order to help farmers better store their produce, some "grain banks" had been set up in the past. Farmers could deposit their produce in the "banks" and withdraw them when needed.Wu Mancang, a 34-year-old farmer from Taicang city in eastern Jiangsu province, said he used to store grain at his home, but the grain would become spoiled. With the grain "banks", that problem has been resolved. A total of 8 such "banks" with 23 service centers are currently operational in Taicang, covering 60 percent of the farmers in the region."Global warming, and more frequent natural disasters, will also be a challenge for food security," Zheng said, as summer grain output fell 0.3 percent after a prolonged drought in southwestern China in the first half of the year.China's National Development and Reform Commission, the nation' s top economic regulator, said Tuesday it would increase the state minimum purchase price of wheat in major wheat-growing areas in 2011.The minimum purchase price for white wheat will increase by 5 yuan (0.73 U.S. dollars) from the 2010 level to 95 yuan per 50 kilograms, while the price for red wheat will increase by 7 yuan to 93 yuan. The move aims to protect farmer incomes and promote grain production.

TIANJIN, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- China's top climate change official said on Wednesday that the country's greenhouse gas emissions would peak earlier than expected if developed countries complied with international protocols."We will try to get past the peak of emissions as early as possible, but this also hinges on how much money the developed nations will offer and what technology they will transfer, as required by the international protocols," Xie Zhenhua, who is also vice minister of the National Development and Reform Commission, told reporters on the sidelines of the ongoing United Nations climate talks in northern China's Tianjin."The more money they provide, or the earlier the money arrives, the sooner we should be able to pass the emissions peak," Xie said.He noted some developed countries, even with a per capita GDP of more than 40,000 U.S. dollars per year, have yet to reach their emissions peak as their greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise."Under such circumstances, how can you ask China, with a per capita GDP just over 3,000 U.S. dollars, to foresee its peak?" he asked.After three rounds of talks this year, which are moving slowly towards a negotiated text for the Cancun meeting, more than 3,000 delegates from 194 nations gathered in Tianjin to speed the search for common ground prior to a major meeting in Mexico's Cancun at the end of the year.However, the gap remains wide between developed and developing nations as rich nations remain wary of green technology transfers and providing additional financing to poorer nations.

NEW YORK, Sept. 22 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said on Wednesday that China and the United States should positively carry out a large-scale economic and trade cooperation.When meeting celebrities from the U.S. economic and financial community, Wen said political and strategic mutual trust should be the precondition of such cooperation.Since the establishment of diplomatic ties 31 years ago, China and the United States have developed a lot more common interests than differences. The two countries have strengthened strategic mutual trust, widened the basis for cooperation and deepened interdependence, Wen said.He said a sound and stable Sino-U.S. economic and trade relationship is in line with the fundamental interests of both countries.The total trade volume was 2.5 billion U.S. dollars when diplomatic ties were forged in 1979, while the figure has surged to over 350 billion dollars at present, Wen said, adding that it signified the bilateral economic and trade relationship has kept a sound momentum.China became the third biggest market for U.S. exports in 2009. Over the past three decades, the U.S. enterprises have altogether invested over 62.2 billion dollars in 58,000 projects in China, and in 2008 alone, their profits amounted to approximately 8 billion dollars, according to the official data provided by the Chinese government.Wen said the RMB exchange rate isn't responsible for the mounting U.S. trade deficits. The reason lies in the structure of Sino-U.S. investment and trade. Both countries should carry out a large-scale trade investment cooperation based on equality, mutual trust and mutual benefit.China has taken it as its national strategy to expand domestic demands, protect intellectual property rights and promote sustainable development, Wen said.Foreign companies in China have always enjoyed national treatment and are welcomed to play a more active role in boosting China's development, he added.During the discussion, participants from the U.S. side, including former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and former Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin, also called for closer cooperation between the two countries, adding that China is a stabilizing factor for global economic and financial system.They said the development of a sound U.S.-China economic and trade relationship would benefit both sides. The two countries should hold dialogues in wider aspects and properly handle their frictions.During Wen's three-day visit here, he will address the UN summit on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the general debate of the 65th session of the UN General Assembly, a summit of the UN Security Council member states and a high-level discussion panel on AIDS and MDGs.He will also meet some world leaders, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, Sino-U.S. friendship groups, overseas Chinese representatives and foreign media in New York.

BEIJING, Sept. 14 (Xinhua) -- China UnionPay and MasterCard Worldwide announced Tuesday that they have signed a Memorandum of Understanding for future business development.The agreement seeks to set up a cooperation mechanism for both sides and the two companies plan to form working groups to discuss and implement development plans for online payments and other business opportunities.China UnionPay is the bankcard association in China, operating unified interbank clearing and settlement systems throughout the country.

BEIJING, Oct. 12 (Xinhua) -- The central parity rate of the yuan, China's currency Renminbi (RMB), dropped 43 basis points Tuesday to 6.6775 per U.S. dollar, according to the data released by the China Foreign Exchange Trading System.The yuan has picked up its strength against the U.S. dollars and seen increased volatility in the trading days since the People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank, announced on June 19 this year to increase exchange rate flexibility.Based on Tuesday's central parity, the Chinese currency has strengthened against the U.S. dollar by 2.19 percent from the rate of 6.8275 per U.S. dollar that was set a day before the PBOC's pledge to increase flexibility.On China's foreign exchange spot market, the yuan can rise or fall 0.5 percent from the central parity rate during trading each day.The PBOC released the yuan's central parity rates against a basket of currencies -- the U.S. dollar, the euro, the Japanese yen, the Hong Kong dollar, the British pound and the Malaysian Ringgit.The yuan's parity rate against the euro was set by the central bank at 9.2574 Tuesday, higher from 9.3215 on Oct. 11, the previous trading day.The yuan's rate against 100 yen was 8.124 Tuesday, compared with 8.1276 on Monday.The yuan's rate against the British pound was 10.6042, compared with 10.6311 on the previous trading day.The central parity of RMB against the U.S. dollar is based on a weighted average of enquired prices from all market makers before the opening of the market in each business day.The central parity of RMB against the other five currencies is based on the central rate of RMB against the U.S. dollar of the same business day as well as the exchange rates of the five currencies against the U.S. dollar at 9 a.m. (0100 GMT) of the same business day in the international foreign exchange market.

来源：资阳报