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CANBERRA, Oct. 4 (Xinhua) -- A visiting U.S. obesity expert, Kelly Brownell, on Tuesday called on Australia to make a start on taxing high-sugar soft drinks.As director of U.S. Yale University's Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, Professor Brownell is in Canberra of Australia to attend the 46th Australian Psychological Society Annual Conference.He said soft drinks were a good place to start in the taxing of high-sugar foods because they were the single greatest source of added sugar in the average person's diet, had absolutely no nutritional value, were marketed aggressively and were linked with the risk for obesity and diabetes.While obesity has overtaken smoking as the leading cause of premature death and illness in Australia, he said the government should tax soft drinks in the same way it taxes cigarettes, because research showed that taxes had been the strongest influence on falling rates of consumption."We have seen how effective tobacco taxes have been in reducing rates of smoking, so there is no reason to believe such taxes wouldn't be as effective in reducing the consumption of high sugar and fat foods," Brownell, who was named by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world, told the conference in Canberra on Tuesday. "A soft-drink tax is a good place to start. "Earlier this week, Denmark became the first country to impose a tax on food containing saturated fats, and Brownell said he completely supports Denmark's policy and that governments should act courageously to do whatever is effective in encouraging better eating habits.According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development report, Australia is ranked as one of the fattest nations in the developed world. The prevalence of obesity in Australia has more than doubled in the past 20 years, with more than 17 million Australians are overweight or obese.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- Using its near-infrared vision to peer nine billion years back in time, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has uncovered an extraordinary population of young dwarf galaxies brimming with star formation, the U.S. space agency announced on Thursday.While dwarf galaxies represent the most common type of galaxy in the universe, the rapid star-birth observed in these newly- found examples may force astronomers to reassess their understanding of the ways in which galaxies form.The galaxies are a hundred times less massive, on average, than the Milky Way, yet they churn out stars at such a furious pace that their stellar content would double in just 10 million years. By comparison, the Milky Way would take a thousand times longer to double its star population.The universe is estimated to be 13.7 billion years old, and these newly-discovered galaxies are extreme even for the young universe -- when most galaxies were forming stars at higher rates than they are today. Astronomers using Hubble's instruments could spot the galaxies because the radiation from young, hot stars has caused the oxygen in the gas surrounding them to light up like a bright neon sign."The galaxies have been there all along, but up until recently astronomers have been able only to survey tiny patches of sky at the sensitivities necessary to detect them," said Arjen van der Wel of the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Germany, lead author of a paper on the results to be published online on Nov. 14 in The Astrophysical Journal. "We weren't looking specifically for these galaxies, but they stood out because of their unusual colors. "The observations were part of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS), an ambitious three- year study to analyze the most distant galaxies in the universe. CANDELS is the first census of dwarf galaxies at such an early epoch."In addition to the images, Hubble has captured spectra that show us the oxygen in a handful of galaxies and confirmed their extreme star-forming nature," said co-author Amber Straughn at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. "Spectra are like fingerprints. They tell us the galaxies' chemical composition."The CANDELS team uncovered the 69 young dwarf galaxies in near- infrared images taken with Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 and Advanced Camera for Surveys.The observations suggest that the newly-discovered galaxies were very common nine billion years ago. However, it is a mystery why the newly-found dwarf galaxies were making batches of stars at such a high rate.

BEIJING, Nov. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Global AIDS deaths and new HIV infections have each dropped 21 percent since the peak of the AIDS pandemic in 1997, according to a UN report released Monday.One major factor responsible for the result is that life-saving HIV treatments have become more popular and got to 1.35 million more people in 2010 than in 2009.In middle-income and underdeveloped nations, these treatments have saved 2.5 million lives since 1995."We have seen a massive scale-up in access to HIV treatment, which has had a dramatic effect on the lives of people everywhere," said Michel Sidibe, executive director of the U.N. AIDS program.However, 53 percent of people who need HIV/AIDS treatments -- about 7.6 million people -- cannot get them, which accounted for 1.8 million AIDS deaths in 2010.There are now 34 million people living with HIV. And just in last year there were 2.7 million new infections.The decline in deaths and new infections means the AIDS pandemic is at a turning point, the UNAIDS report argues, adding smart investment can save millions of future deaths.

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- Global tablet shipments reached nearly 27 million units in the fourth quarter of 2011 with Android jumping to a record share of 39 percent, said a new research released on Thursday.According to the research by consulting firm Strategy Analytics, global tablet shipments reached a record high of 26.8 million units in the last quarter of 2011, surging 250 percent from 10.7 million units in the same period a year earlier.Android captured a record 39 percent share of global tablet shipments, rising from 29 percent in the year-ago quarter.Global Android tablet shipments tripled annually to 10.5 million units in the last three months of 2011 and the platform so far is relatively popular with tablet manufacturers, said the research.However, Apple shipped 15.4 million iPads worldwide and maintained its market leadership with 58 percent share during the fourth quarter last year."Apple shrugged off the much-hyped threat from entry-level Android models this quarter," Peter King, director at Strategy Analytics, said in a statement.The research found Microsoft captured a mere 1.5 percent global tablet share in the quarter, noting that "the upcoming release of Windows 8 this year cannot come quickly enough for Microsoft, so its hardware partners can start competing more effectively in the tablet space."In the full year of 2011, global tablet shipments hit 66.9 million units, increasing by 260 percent from 18.6 million units in 2010, according to the research.Consumers are increasingly buying tablets in preference to netbooks and even entry-level notebooks or desktops, said the research.

BEIJING, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- The BRICS members should make joint efforts to help ease tension in the Middle East and support the region's countries in carrying out political transition and social reconstruction on their own, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Weimin said Friday.Liu made the remarks at a daily press briefing, after Vice Foreign Minister Zhai Jun attended a deputy foreign ministers' conference of the BRICS in the Russian capital of Moscow on Thursday.The BRICS countries' enhanced communication and coordination, joint maintenance of the basic principles of international law, and opposition to foreign armed interference in the region are in line with the common interests of Middle East countries and the international community, Liu said."China will make concerted efforts with the international society, including BRICS members, to make constructive contribution to the Middle East's peace, stability and development," Liu said.The spokesman quoted Zhai Jun as saying at the Moscow conference that the Middle East's situation has a significant impact on international politics, economy and security in addition to the impact on the political and social situations in the region.It conforms with the common interests of the region's countries and the international community for the Middle East to be politically open and inclusive, independent in foreign policy, sustainable in economic development, and peaceful and stable in security matters, Zhai was quoted as saying.Liu Weimin said a joint communique was issued at the Moscow conference. The communique called on various parties to respect the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Middle East countries, have extensive dialogues by peaceful means, and make active efforts to seek solutions to the crisis.The BRICS members oppose the interference in the Middle East countries' internal affairs by foreign forces, advocate the positive role of the United Nations Security Council, and urge various parties to strictly observe the authorization of the UN Security Council, according to Liu.BRICS is an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

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