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WASHINGTON, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- Drugs that affect the levels of an important brain protein involved in learning and memory reverse cellular changes in the brain seen during aging, according to an animal study published Wednesday in the Journal of Neuroscience. The findings could one day aid in the development of new drugs that enhance cognitive function in older adults.Aging-related memory loss is associated with the gradual deterioration of the structure and function of synapses (the connections between brain cells) in brain regions critical to learning and memory, such as the hippocampus.Recent studies suggested that histone acetylation, a chemical process that controls whether genes are turned on, affects this process. Specifically, it affects brain cells' ability to alter the strength and structure of their connections for information storage, a process known as synaptic plasticity, which is a cellular signature of memory.In the current study, Cui-Wei Xie, of the University of California, Los Angeles, and colleagues found that compared with younger rats, hippocampi from older rats have less brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -- a protein that promotes synaptic plasticity -- and less histone acetylation of the Bdnf gene. By treating the hippocampal tissue from older animals with a drug that increased histone acetylation, they were able to restore BDNF production and synaptic plasticity to levels found in younger animals."These findings shed light on why synapses become less efficient and more vulnerable to impairment during aging," said Xie, who led the study. "Such knowledge could help develop new drugs for cognitive aging and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease," she added.
BEIJING, Oct. 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archeologists have found evidence indicating that the mysterious ancient city of Loulan (Kroraina) once had highly-developed agricultural systems.Scientists from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted remote sensing procedures, field investigations and sample testing in the area and found that there were once large tracts of farmlands in Loulan.The farmland featured regular and straight circumferences stretching for 200 to 1,000 meters as well as irrigation ditches running throughout, said Qin Xiaoguang, a member of the research team.Moreover, researchers found grain particles in the area's ground surface, which are very likely to be remains of crop plants, Qin said.These findings show that irrigation farming had been practiced in Loulan for at least 100 years, Qin said.Qin said they also found canal remains measuring 10 to 20 meters wide and 1.6 meters deep in the Loulan relics, indicating that the city, which is suspected of perishing in drought, was once rich in water resources.The ancient city was a pivotal stop along the famous Silk Road, but mysteriously disappeared around the third century AD.Previous historical records suggested that Loulan's economy was sustained by widespread agricultural activity, but no remains or other evidence had been found before the most recent discoveries.

COTABATO, Philippines, Jan. 2 (Xinhua) -- The health authorities declared an outbreak of a deadly rat fever on Monday in the flood-hit areas in the southern Philippines.At least five people were already dead and as many as 200 were diagnosed in the southern city of Cagayan de Oro with leptospirosis, a fatal animal-borne disease that can result in high fever, internal bleeding and organ failure.The latest fatality, an old woman, died late Monday due to complication.Dr. Jaime Bernadas, regional health minister, said they fear the number of patients displaced by typhoon Washi could increase in the coming days.Congressman Rufus Rodriguez has called on people affected by the floods that killed over 1,200 people to avail of the government's vaccination against the deadly disease.The death toll from tropical storm Washi currently stands at 1, 258 people with many still believed missing. Washi brought massive rains, causing flooding in many areas in the Central and Southern Philippines starting last Dec. 16.
BEIJING, Nov. 6 (Xinhua) -- Employment quality in China is relatively low, which is a major reason affecting the quality of economic growth, says a latest report on the labor market.The report, released Saturday by the Labor Market Research Center of the Beijing Normal University focusing on the quality of employment in China, says Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin were the top three cities in terms of employment quality, adding the overall employment quality in China is still low."Poor employment quality in China is a major reason for the poor quality of economic growth," said Lai Desheng, a professor with the Beijing Normal University.
来源:资阳报