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BEIJING, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- China's recent revocation of a national scientific award due to academic fraud has been welcomed by the public, but experts warn the country still has a long way to go to bring an end to such dubious academic practices.On Feb. 1, China's Ministry of Science and Technology, revoked the State Scientific and Technological Progress Award (SSTPA) given to Li Liansheng, former professor of Xi'an Jiaotong University in 2005.An investigation found Li had plagiarized others' works and fabricated data in his winning project, a research on key technologies for designing and manufacturing scroll compressors. Li was investigated after the science ministry received tip-offs from six professors (including four retired) in his university.The ministry subsequently canceled his prize and retrieved the money awarded.Zhao Baojing, a senior official with the National Office for S&T Award, told Xinhua it was the first time China had withdrawn a national scientific honor.The revocation soon sparked pubic discussion over academic integrity. Tan Gang, a citizen in Shenzhen, wrote on his microblog, "Though the revocation came a bit late, it is progress. It's a warning against academic misconduct."Shi Ying, vice director of Shanxi Academy of Social Sciences, said, the move demonstrated China's "zero-tolerance" for academic fraud, and would help clean up the academic field."However, academic fraud is still rampant, which not only damages academic integrity, but also harms the innovative capacity of China in a broader sense," said Shi.Anti-fraud activist Fang Zhouzi, who runs a website on anti-academic fraud from his Beijing home, said "This is by far the harshest stance China has ever taken against academic fraud, which should be viewed as progress." He so noted China still has a long way to go in the fight against academic fraud.Fang said, the science ministry's move does not mean China is really cracking down on academic fraud. The plagiarist might have not been found out if it were not for years of unyielding efforts made by the six professors.The scandal again highlights that academic fraud is alive and well in China. A survey conducted among 30,078 respondents in 2009 by the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) showed that nearly half of the science-related workers in China's research institutes, universities, medical institutes and hospitals think academic cheating is "common."Fang attributed the prevalence of academic fraud in China to lax punishments and loopholes in the academic evaluation system.Zero tolerance of academic fraudChina's science minister, Wan Gang, said on several occasions "We hold zero tolerance for academic fraud."However, Fang said "zero tolerance" was a slogan rather than the actual case. Many cases of academic fraud, even publicly exposed, were "tolerated" eventually. "Lax punishment makes academic fraud less costly."

WASHINGTON, May 12 (Xinhua) -- Early initiation of antiretroviral treatment in people infected with HIV prevents them from transmitting the virus to their partners, according to findings released Thursday from a large-scale international clinical study.The study, known as HPTN 052, was designed to evaluate whether antiretroviral drugs can prevent sexual transmission of HIV infection among couples in which one partner is HIV-infected and the other is not. The results are the first of their kind from a major randomized clinical trial.Led by Myron Cohen, of the University of North Carolina, the research found that treating HIV-infected individuals with antiretroviral therapy (ART) when their immune systems are still relatively healthy led to a 96 percent reduction in HIV transmission to their partners.This critical new finding convincingly demonstrates that early treatment of infected individuals can have a major impact on the spread of the epidemic.Study investigators enrolled 1,763 couples who were not eligible for ART by WHO standards in nine countries around the world. All couples were at least 18 years of age. The vast majority of the couples (97 percent) were heterosexual, which precludes any definitive conclusions about effectiveness in men who have sex with men.Couples were randomly assigned to one of two study groups. In the first group, the HIV-infected partner initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) as soon as the couple enrolled in the study (the immediate treatment group); in the second group, infected partners did not begin ART until their CD4+ counts fell to between 200 and 250 cells/mm3 or they developed an AIDS-related illness (the delayed treatment group). Couples in both groups received HIV primary care, counseling and condoms.Results of this research study, which was scheduled to conclude in 2015, are being released early, after the independent data and safety monitoring board (DSMB) determined that the benefits of early treatment were clear.

BEIJING, March 22 (Xinhuanet) -- An autopsy began Monday on Berlin zoo's superstar polar bear Knut who died suddenly on Saturday, media reports said.However, it remained unclear when the results from the post-mortem examination of Knut would be published."I cannot give you a timeline. We will inform the public when we know what the exact cause was," AFP quoted spokeswoman Claudia Bienek as saying.Knut died while sunbathing at Berlin zoo in Germany in front of visitors. The four-year-old swivelled around several times before falling backwards into the water in his enclosure.Witnesses said he suffered a series of convulsions and appeared to have had an epileptic fit or a heart attack.Knut was born in 2006 to a female bear who rejected him at birth. He was hand-raised by his keeper at the zoo. Films were made about him and he appeared on the front cover of Vanity Fair magazine and earned the zoo about 7.11 million U.S. dollars.More than 15,000 Knut fans have so far paid tribute to him on Berlin zoo's website. Hundreds more have flocked to the zoo in person to lay flowers at his enclosure.

BEIJING, May 16 (Xinhuanet) -- NASA is close to deciding on a landing site for its Mars rover Curiosity mission by narrowing the choices to four, media reports said Monday.Scientists in the close-knit Mars research community get one last chance to make their case this week when they gather before the "judges" — the team running the 2.5 billion U.S. dollar mission that will soon suggest a landing site to NASA, the ultimate decider."All four of these places are compelling places on Mars to study. There's not a loser among them," said landing site scientist Matt Golombek of the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, one of the meeting's leaders.The mission will use rover Curiosity to study whether a selected area will have environmental conditions suitable for life and for preserving evidence about whether extraterrestial life has existed.Being nuclear-powered, the rover cannot go to a location that has either water or ice within one meter of the surface.The size of a mini Cooper, Curiosity is scheduled to launch in late November after a two-year delay.

PARIS, May 20 (Xinhua) -- Heavy-load launcher Ariane 5, carrying two communication satellites GSAT-8 and ST-2, lifted off at around 22:38 p.m. Paris time (GMT 2038) on Friday from Europe' s Spaceport in French Guiana.Built by Japan's Mitsubishi Electric Company, ST-2 will offer Ku-and C-band relay services across the Middle East, Central Asia, India and Southeast Asia to the ST-2 Satellite Ventures joint company of Singapore Telecommunications Ltd (SingTel) and Taiwan' s Chunghwa Telecom Company Ltd..With a weight around 5.1 tons at launch, ST-2 was separated first around 27 minutes after the lift-off. It has a designed life of 15 years and will function at 88 degree East.The lighter passenger GSAT-8, built by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), will serve to augment India's Ku- band relay capabilities and offer aircraft navigation assistance over Indian airspace and adjoining areas with its two-channel GAGAN system.GSAT-8 was expected to be ejected off around 31 minutes into the flight and will be orbited at 55 degree East. Weighed about 3. 1 tons, it has a designed life span of at least 12 years.Arianespace started its 2011 busy year for heavy-lift Ariane 5 with the milestone launch of Europe's second Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) on February 16.The next launch of Ariane 5 planned to lift off two TV broadcast and telecommunications relay satellites: BSAT-3c/JCSAT- 110R for Japan's Broadcasting Satellite System Corporation (B-SAT) and SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation, and ASTRA 1N for Luxemburg-based SES company.