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SYDNEY, Sept. 5 (Xinhua) -- Australian scientists believe " brown fat," a wondrous tissue that burns energy to generate heat, could help people fight obesity, local media reported on Monday.A research team from Sydney's Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR) has worked out how to grow brown fat from stem cells biopsied from adults, raising hopes that one day brown fat could be transplanted in obese people to speed up calories they burn, the Australian Associated Press (AAP) reported.Garvan endocrinologist Paul Lee, who led the research, is optimistic about targeting brown fat as an obesity intervention, commenting "it's a highly metabolically active form of fat, and very exciting that we may be able to stimulate its growth in people."People are born with supplies of brown fat around their neckline to keep them warm as infants, according to scientists at GIMR.Scientists now know that brown fat is present in most, if not all, adults mainly just behind the collarbone.Studies have found that adults with brown fat are slimmer than those without."Although this is early work, it is a proof of concept study showing that the growth of brown fat cells is possible, using precursor cells taken from adult humans, under appropriate stimulation," Lee said."Regardless of whether or not someone has lots of or little brown fat, the precursor cells are universally present. Under the appropriate growth factor and hormonal stimulation, the cells all grow and differentiate into mature brown fat cells."However, Lee warned more work was needed.Lee said even if brown fat was transplanted into obese people or drugs developed to stimulate the growth of brown fat, exercise and a healthy diet would still be crucial to aiding weight loss."So I don't think this is a solution to obesity because there are so many other factors (involved in obesity)," he said."Despite how efficient brown fat is at burning energy, we would only need a few doughnuts to diminish or negate its benefits."Lee said it would be years before tests could be carried out on brown fat transplants.In the meantime, he is expanding his study to test different ways to grow brown fat.His study, to be printed in the October issue of Endocrinology, has been published in the online edition of the journal.

BEIJING, Sept. 11 (Xinhua) -- Despite a series of disasters, Chinese people tend to believe that the moon is still round and bright in the Mid-autumn Festival.Falling on Monday, the 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese calendar, it is an important Chinese holiday, next only to the Spring Festival, and a chance for family reunion under the full moon, a symbol for happiness and prosperity.A staff worker shows newly-cooked moon cakes during a Mid-autumn festival celebration activity held in Tianjin, north China, Sept. 11, 2011. Some 100 children from Tianjin and southeast China's Taiwan attended the activity on Sunday.FAMILY REUNIONIn the railway station of Nanjing, capital city of east China's Jiangsu Province, passengers lined in long queues while waiting for their trains on Saturday.Although the three-day holiday seemed too short for a long trip, Xiao Liang carried several bags with him. "I bought wine for my dad, boiled salted duck for my mom, and health products for my grand parents," the young man beamed.In the southwestern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Li Yukun didn't believe that she could reunite with her son for holiday. In fact, she never thought she could see the three-year-old boy again.Two years ago, Xiao Wei (pseudonym) from the Dalun village of the Beiliu city was kidnapped. His parents were desperate. "On special occasions like the Mid-autumn Festival, we shed tears while missing him," Li said.Police finally managed to get clues that a similar boy was adopted in the neighboring Guangdong Province.Li prepared for a feast with policemen to celebrate reunion with Xiao Wei.Since a campaign was launched to rescue trafficked children in Guangxi in 2009, 339 children were saved, half of whom had been sent back and could reunite with their parents in this festival.In Sichuan, 10 prisoners with good records in jail were given an opportunity to go back home for the holiday."In the past I could only receive greetings from my relatives behind the bars," a woman surnamed Chen said. "This year, my dream for home finally came true."Meanwhile, 171 prisoners had their jail terms shortened so that they could be released before the Mid-autumn Festival.

JOHANNESBURG, June 1 (Xinhua) -- An estimated 2 million adolescents ages 10 to 19 are living with HIV, with 86 percent of them from sub-Saharan Africa, according to a global report on HIV prevention launched in Johannesburg on Wednesday.For the first time, the world gets to see the number of adolescents between the ages of 10 to 19 living with HIV in the report named Opportunity in Crisis: Preventing HIV from early adolescence to young adulthood.The report is a jointly publication by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), UNAIDS, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the International Labor Organization (ILO) , the World Health Organization (WHO) and World Bank.According to the report, people aged 15-24 accounted for 41 percent of new infections over the age of 15 in 2009. Worldwide, an estimated 5 million young people in that age group were living with HIV in 2009. Most of them live in sub-Saharan Africa. Globally, young women make up more than 60 percent of all young people living with HIV. In sub-Saharan Africa that rate jumped to 72 percent.Despite these challenges, the report acknowledges that some progress has been made in preventing new infections among young people."In many high-burden countries, HIV prevalence and incidence have declined among young people. While in 2001 there were 5.7 million young people living with HIV, the figure stands at 5 million (in 2009)," said the UNICEF eastern and southern Africa regional director, Elhadj As Sy, at the media briefing.He pointed that sexual transmission and injection drug use remain the major modes of transmission of HIV among young people. Early sexual debut, early pregnancy and early experiences with drug use all raise risks for HIV infection.The report reveals that unemployment and poverty are reported as the main reasons young people enter the sex trade. Worldwide, many young people driven by economic pressure, exploitation, social exclusion and lack of family support turn to commercial sex and injecting drug use.In 2001, the world made a commitment to reduce the prevalence of HIV among young people by 25 percent by 2010. The actual reduction achieved (from 5.7 million to 5 million) is 12 percent, and it represents less than half the target percentage."To avoid the current programming failures, we have to adopt a ' Continuum of Prevention Approach'." said Lina Mousa, deputy director of UNFPA Africa Regional Office."This continuum of prevention must be reflected in national HIV strategic plans, poverty reduction strategies and global fund proposals. This response must be developed with and for young people so that they own the response together with their communities," she added.To build this continuum of prevention for adolescents and young people, the reports outlined nine specific recommendations including providing young people with information and comprehensive sexuality education, strengthening child protection and social protection measures, engaging communities in shaping a positive social environment that promotes healthy behavior, establishing laws and policies that respect young people's rights.

SAN FRANCISCO, July 14 (Xinhua) -- Microsoft on Thursday introduces a hacking alert system to its Windows Live Hotmail email service alongside banning common passwords."When someone's account gets hijacked, their friends often find out before they do, because the hijacker uses their account to send spam or phishing email to all their contacts," said Microsoft in a blog post.The new security feature adds a "My friend's been hacked!" option in the "mark as" menu in Hotmail and also enables users to report hacked accounts via the junk mail filing screen.Then an alert will be sent to Microsoft, which will "make sure the account can no longer be used by spammers and activates an account recovery process to allow the owner to take back control the accounts."Users can report any email account as compromised and Hotmail will provide the information to other email providers like Yahoo! and Gmail, said the blog.Meanwhile, Microsoft said Hotmail will roll out a feature to prevent users from choosing commonly used and weak passwords, such as "123456," "ilovecats" and "gogiants." Users who currently use a weak password will be asked to change to a stronger one in the future.Hotmail, first launched in July 1996, is one of the first free email providers, and was acquired by Microsoft in 1997 for an estimated 400 million U.S. dollars.According to statistics released by comScore last August, Hotmail was then the world's largest web-based email service with around 364 million users, followed by Yahoo! Mail (280 million) and Gmail (191 million).

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 13 (Xinhua) -- Microsoft released on Tuesday a test version of Windows 8 to developers, posing to regain ground of the tablet market dominated by Apple and Google.At its developer-focused BUILD conference held in Anaheim, California, the software giant handed out new Samsung tablet computers with a test version of the code-named "Windows 8," the first detailed preview of the system for developers and people outside Microsoft.Generally expected to be launched in fall 2012, Microsoft did not say when the system will ship or its price.Microsoft Windows President Steven Sinofsky introduces the new tablet running a test version of its touch-enabled Windows 8 at the Build conference in Anaheim, California September 13, 2011Featuring a home page filled with colorful application tiles, the new system boots up in seconds. Microsoft said the system will run on low-power ARM-based chips that power smartphones and tablets. Windows 8 also introduces a new "Metro style" interface, which run full-screen and users can multitask in two at a time."We reimagined Windows," said Steven Sinofsky, president of the Windows and Windows Live Division at Microsoft, in his keynote address to the thousands of developers in attendance. "From the chipset to the user experience, Windows 8 brings a new range of capabilities without compromise."Analysts said the new system is consumer-oriented and intuitive but it will take time to see whether it is an "iPad killer."As professionals and consumers began to spend more time on smartphones and tablets, Microsoft has not got a significant bite of the market, losing ground to Apple's iPad and devices running Google's Android system.