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NANJING, July 4 (Xinhua) -- China is mulling using environmental indices as a yardstick to evaluate the performances of local governments and officials as the country seeks to convert its development mode to a green one, experts said Sunday.The new assessment criteria has been proposed in a draft of China's 12th Five-year Plan (2011-2015), which the government is currently working on. The draft is to be reviewed and is expected to be approved in March 2011 by the nation's top legislature, the National People's Congress."This means local governments will have to implement more effective measures to upgrade industries, save energy and cut emissions, rather than simply focus on GDP growth," said Hu Angang, a top policy advisor, at a theme forum of the Shanghai World Expo in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province. The two-day forum ended Sunday.With GDP the most significant indicator in evaluating the performances of local governments and officials, many tend to neglect the environmental factors while concentrating on economic growth."The 12th Five-year Plan will not only be China's first national plan for 'green development' but also the historical starting point on the nation's path towards a 'green modernization'", said Hu, also a prominent economist at Tsinghua University, who has been a member of the research team to draft the 10th, 11th and 12th five-year plans."Altogether, 24 indices in the current draft are about green development, covering more than half of the total index number of 47. Some of those 'green indices' would be used to assess local governments and officials," he added."For instance, indices on 'water consumption per unit GDP', 'proportion of clean coal consumption', 'decrease in natural disaster-resulted economic losses', and proportion of GDP invested in environmental protection' are in the category of assessment criteria in the draft," said Hu."As a large developing country with a population of 1.3 billion people, China is under unprecedented pressure for both economic development and environmental protection," said Zhou Shengxian, China's Minister of Environmental Protection, at the forum."The old path of economic growth based on environmental pollution, implemented in developed countries over the past 300 years, is not feasible in China, and China can not afford the losses brought by this development mode," he added.After the international financial crisis broke out in September 2008, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) advocated the development of a "green economy" worldwide.Many countries have turned to a "green recovery" by developing new energies, environmental protection and recycling the economy.In China's 4-trillion-yuan (about 570 billion U.S. dollars) economic stimulus plan, funds for energy savings, carbon reductions and ecological construction reached 210 billion yuan. Adding on the 370 billion yuan in funds used for innovation, restructuring and coping with climate change, "green investment" accounted for 14.5 percent of the stimulus plan. It indicates the government is shifting its values from traditional "profit maximization" to "welfare maximization."China showed its determination to develop a green economy last year prior to the Copenhagen Conference, promising to cut its carbon dioxide emissions per unit GDP by 40 to 45 percent by 2020, compared with the level from 2005.Experts at the forum believed that, to live up to this promise, China must create more regulations focusing on "carbon emission cuts" in the 12th Five-year Plan and put such reductions into the assessment criteria for officials.There will be much more "green investment" in China's 12th Five Year Plan than the previous one, and the extra investment in energy-saving and emission-cut technologies will grow to 1.9 to 3.4 trillion yuan in the upcoming plan from the current 1.5 trillion yuan, according to a Mckinsey report.Despite China's "green determination", it is never an easy task to achieve the target because of the country's fast GDP growth, the long-dominating energy-consuming economic development mode and a lack of environmental-protection awareness among citizens, experts said.There is still a long way to go for China, as its current energy utilization rate is only one fourth of that of developed countries, said Maurice Strong, a former Under secretary-General of the United Nations and the first executive director of the United Nations Environment Programme, at the forum Saturday."In the new round of China's economic and social transformation, the 'black cat' will be out of the game. Only a 'green cat' is good cat," said Hu Angang, making a joke about a Chinese saying - "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white so long as it catches mice."

LUOYANG, July 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao has stressed economic restructuring, agricultural production and the role of grass-root party organizations during his visit to the city of Luoyang in central Henan province.Hu visited state-owned enterprises, research institutes and talked with local farmers during this trip from Friday through Sunday.At Citic Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., the largest manufacturer of mining machinery in China, Hu learned that the company had shifted focus from manufacturing to research and development. He said innovation is the lifeblood of a company.He also visited a tractor manufacturing plant and a bearing producing company, both enjoying rapid growth thanks to restructuring. Hu asked officials at the two companies to continue with their restructuring and their ongoing expansion through innovation.Hu also visited two research institutes. At China Aviation Lithium Battery Research and Development Center, Hu asked the center to seize the opportunity as the new energy industry is booming and the market demand for lithium batteries is expanding.At another research institute, Hu stressed the role of talent in scientific and technological research.Hu also urged the province to to do a good job in agricultural production this year, as Henan contributes the largest share of crops in China.Hu urged village-level party organizations to serve the interests of farmers while visiting a local village.Hu visited farmers at a corn field and asked about the yields and price of corn. Hu told farmers that supporting grain production is a long-term policy and the state will again boost such support in the future so farmers can earn more and increase their wealth by planting grain.Hu said China would continue to give priority to the development of rural areas, agriculture and farmers during the 12th five year plan, China's development blueprint for the next five years.Hu noted that China's grain yields have increased for 6 consecutive years, and this year the summer yield of grain is another good harvest, despite earlier bad weather.Hu said, however, that Henan, as China's bowl of grain, should take on the responsibility to safeguard the nation's food security and enhance its agricultural production capacity.While visiting a local village, Zhouli village of Mengjin county, Hu requested village-level party organizations to work for the interests of farmers.Hu added that the party organization plays a critical role in improving the standards of living for farmers.Zhouli village was relocated to its present site to make way for a water conservation project in the Yellow River in 1995. Since then, the per capita annual income of local farmers rose from 680 yuan (100 U.S.Dollar) to its current 4,950 yuan now, and farmers now have access to running water, cable TV as well as other public services.Hu said the government would continue providing favorable policies to farmers so they might lead better lives.At the end of his visit, Hu urged continuing efforts to transform the economic growth pattern, adjust the economic structure, increase the amount of indigenous innovation, continue to promote energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection as well as reform and opening up.

BEIJING, July 8 (Xinhua) -- Ten years after it unveiled a strategy to promote growth in its western area, China announced a plan to continue the initiative, even as the world's third largest economy strives to shift to a more domestic-driven growth."The plan will not only benefit the western region, but is also crucial to the sound and fast development of the whole nation," Du Ying, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the country's top economic planner, said at a Thursday press conference."Under the new plan, the central government will focus on boosting economic growth, raising people's living standards and enhancing environmental conservation in the western region during the next ten years," Du said.The central government will also enhance support for development in the region by lowering tax rates and prices for industrial lands, he added.The NDRC, along with other departments, will compile a catalogue of industries in the western region covered by the government's favorable policies. Companies in these industries will enjoy a favorable corporate income tax rate of 15 percent, compared to the regular rate of 25 percent.The move to further develop the west came as the government took steps such as subsidizing auto and home appliance buyers, to boost domestic demand and lessen reliance on exports.Challenges for China's future development lay in "whether we can continue to boost domestic demand and make it a foundation for overall sustainable growth and whether we can remove constraints on resources and environment," Du said.Turning to this vast region and market was a strategic move, which would help China bolster domestic demand and accelerate transformation of the economic growth pattern, Vice Premier Li Keqiang had said.The vast, resource-rich western region has great potential to help enhance domestic demand as the regional population accounts for 27.5 percent of the country's total, while consumption only takes 18.4 percent of national retail sales, Du said.Early this week, NDRC said it will unveil 23 new infrastructure projects in the western region this year, with a total investment of 682.2 billion yuan (100.62 billion U.S. dollars). The money will be utilized in building railways, roads, airports, coal mines and hydro-power stations.More investments in these new projects than in those started in 2009 reflected the government's intention to push the growth further into the poorer inland region, UBS Securities economist Wang Tao said in an emailed note to clients.China initiated a western region development strategy in 2000 in an effort to help this less-developed area catch up with the relatively well-off coastal area. The strategy covers infrastructure construction, attracting foreign investment and increased efforts in ecological protection.The western region involves six provinces, five autonomous regions and Chongqing municipality, accounting for more than 70 percent of the Chinese mainland's area and habitat of 75 percent of the country's ethnic minority population.Due to this strategy, the combined gross domestic product of the western region reached 6.69 trillion yuan in 2009, four times more than the 1.67 trillion yuan in 2000.

UNITED NATIONS, June 29 (Xinhua) -- A veteran Chinese diplomat and an expert of international law, Xue Hanqin, was elected judge of the International Court of Justice here Tuesday.Xue, a member of the International Law Commission, was elected by the UN General Assembly and the Security Council in separate voting.Xue won all 15 votes in the Security Council on Tuesday morning, Claude Heller, the Mexican UN ambassador who holds the rotating Security Council presidency for June, announced after the 15- nation Council cast the secret ballots.Heller, at the open Council meeting, also read a letter from the president of the General Assembly, Ali Treki, who said that Xue won a majority of votes in the 192-nation UN body.Xue "was elected member of the International Court of Justice," Heller said.The election was conducted under the relevant Security Council resolution to fill the vacancy after Judge Shi Jiuyong, a Chinese, resigned on May 28.She is the only female among the 15 judges of the International Court of Justice, and the third Chinese to serve on the Court.Xue told reporters here that she thanked all those who voted for her and said that she will carry out her duty under the UN Charter and the Statute of the Court.