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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - High school seniors who are deported before finishing their studies would be eligible for diplomas under a bill introduced today by Assemblywoman Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher of San Diego.Democrats introduced the bill as Congress remained at an impasse on a deal to protect so-called dreamers from deportation. Dreamers, those brought to the U.S. illegally at a young age and who are covered by the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, have temporary authorization to remain in the country.That permission is set to expire on March 5 unless Congress passes a bill or President Donald Trump reverses his decision to end the program.Related: Dreamers art exhibit activism in Barrio Logan  "These are kids who are being ripped out of school against their will and then sent to countries where they have to restart their lives," Gonzalez Fletcher said. "We can't stop the federal government from enforcing asinine immigration policies but we can make the transition easier for California students who get deported their senior year."To be eligible, students would need to have a GPA of 2.0 or higher.Related: Immigration bill talk failureThe bill would also cover those undocumented immigrants who are not DACA recipients.As precedent, Gonzalez Fletcher pointed to laws passed in several states that allowed those who served in the Vietnam War to receive their diplomas if they were deployed prior to graduating. 1468

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A woman who had more than three times the legal blood-alcohol limit when she crashed her SUV head-on into another vehicle while driving her three young daughters through Rancho Bernardo pleaded guilty Friday to felony child abuse and drunk driving charges. Mayra Alejandra Troncoso, 30, had a .29 percent blood-alcohol content when she drove on the wrong side of Camino del Norte on Nov. 12, 2018. Her SUV crashed head-on into an oncoming 2011 Jeep Liberty, causing severe injuries -- including a skull fracture and a brain bleed -- to her 9-month-old daughter, who was riding unrestrained. The defendant's 2-year-old daughter suffered facial injuries and her 8-year-old child broke a bone. The 57-year-old driver of the other car suffered broken bones, authorities said. RELATED: Mother and children injured in wrong way DUI crash in Rancho BernardoTroncoso was arrested the day after the collision at Palomar Medical Center. Prosecutors say that at the time of the crash, she was on probation and driving on a suspended license due to a 2017 North County DUI, in which she also crashed with at least one of her children in the vehicle. Troncoso is slated to be sentenced on Sept. 23. 1211

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A new indictment unsealed Thursday against the owner/operators of San Diego-based pornographic website GirlsDoPorn.com alleges that co-owner Michael James Pratt -- who remains on the lam on federal sex trafficking charges -- also produced pornographic content involving a 16-year- old girl. Pratt was charged in a complaint last month along with three others with sex trafficking by force, fraud and coercion for allegedly filming victims under the guise of distributing the videos only to private clients, then disseminating the videos online without the victims' knowledge or consent. The new indictment adds two additional defendants and charges of production of child pornography and sex trafficking of a minor against Pratt alone, with the incidents allegedly occurring in September 2012. RELATED: San Diego porn case: Civil trial against GirlsDoPorn.com website operators beginsThe indictment also names website co-owner Matthew Isaac Wolfe; porn actor Ruben Andre Garcia; administrative assistant Valorie Moser; Amberlyn Dee Nored, allegedly one of the reference women accused of lying to victims about the nature of the work; and a sixth defendant whose name is redacted. According to the U.S. Attorney's Office, numerous young women who initially responded to ads for modeling jobs were allegedly deceived by the defendants to appear in adult films. Once the victims learned the work involved pornography, the defendants allegedly told them the videos would be distributed to private clients -- usually living overseas -- and not disseminated on the internet. To help convince the women to participate, reference women like Nored were allegedly hired to lie to the women and claim they had also filmed pornographic videos for the defendants, which were never posted on the internet. RELATED: San Diego porn site owners, employees charged with sex traffickingProsecutors allege the women were ``pressured into signing documents without reviewing them and then threatened with legal action or outing if they failed to perform.'' Others were not allowed to leave the shoots -- which were conducted at various San Diego hotels -- until the videos were completed, which sometimes involved sex acts the victims initially declined to perform, prosecutors allege. The defendants are also currently involved in a San Diego civil trial involving a lawsuit filed by 22 women who appeared in videos on the site. The allegations in that trial -- which began in mid-August -- mirror the new federal charges. In that case, the victims are seeking more than million in damages and ownership rights to the videos they appeared in. RELATED: San Diego, Mexico officials lead effort to end human traffickingA motions hearing in the federal case is scheduled for Dec. 13. 2789

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A tall, thin woman in a black hooded sweatshirt robbed a Normal Heights bank today.The thief, who appeared to be in her mid-20s, approached a service counter at the US Bank branch office in the 3500 block of El Cajon Boulevard and handed a teller a demand note shortly before 12:30 p.m., according to San Diego police.After the employee gave her an undisclosed amount of cash, the robber walked out of the bank and fled in an unknown direction, Officer Tony Martinez said. 498

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