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BOAO, Hainan, April 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese officials and entrepreneurs said Sunday that China should have bigger say in setting commodity prices, as oil and iron ore prices saw roller-coaster-like fluctuations in the past two years.     The drastic price changes are not reflecting real demand, but are propped up by financial speculators, said the senior executives of China's top energy enterprises at the Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) annual conference 2009, which concluded Sunday in the island resort of Boao in south China's Hainan Province.     They said commodity prices should be pulled back to normal track to reflect real demand, otherwise the inflation woe will come back and make business expansion unsustainable.     PRICE AND REAL DEMAND     "Although we are the biggest commodity buyer in the world, our role in the price setting is limited," said Zhang Xiaoqiang, vice minister of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), China's economic planning agency.     China's steel makers have fallen into a prolonged bargain with the world's major iron ore producers, demanding a sharper price cut than the 20 percent-off deal plan offered by the Rio Tinto of Australia, as the world's No.1 iron ore importer has less demand amid the economic slowdown.     Iron ore prices increased five fold in the five years before 2008.     Xu Lejiang, boss of the Baosteel Group Corporation, China's largest steel maker, said at the forum that nothing is more important than the normalization of iron ore pricing, without elaborating how much more price cut he wants.     The continuously rising iron ore prices partly reflected demand, but that's not the whole picture, said Xu.     The prices tumbled by more than two thirds from a peak of 187 U.S. dollars per tonne last year. Speculative trading on iron ore shipping index helped fan the volatility, since shipping costs comprise a large share of the iron ore prices.     The Baltic Dry Index (BDI), a main gauge of international shipping activities, has plummeted from a peak of 11,000 points to above 600 points, which is certainly what people are reluctant to see, Xu said.     His view was echoed by Fu Chengyu, chief executive officer of the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), the largest offshore oil producer in China. He said the prices are bound to fall after irrational rise.     He said the loose monetary policy in the United States should be blamed for the skyrocketing oil prices last year.     "If no measures were taken, the world would see another round of inflation after we weather through the crisis," he said.     He noted the pre-emptive measures should be put into place to avoid that, otherwise the next headache for the G20 leaders will be how to fight inflation.     "We should prepare for tomorrow," Fu said.     Zhang Xiaoqiang said international collaboration is essential to enhance the oversight of the financial speculation.     ACTION BEFORE CRISIS     The volatile external conditions forced many Chinese energy enterprises to seek their own way to offset the negative impacts of price fluctuations.     Cost saving has always been important to CNOOC, said Fu. "We have cut the cost to 19.78 U.S. dollars per barrel, and that has allowed us to get through with ease when prices fall."     "We step up investment with the current cheap prices, and that will help us flourish after the crisis," Fu said.     To offset the negative impacts of price changes, many Chinese enterprises have been engaged in hedge trading and other derivative products investment, but many failed with mounting losses.     "CNOOC has lost nothing, since we use hedge trading to preserve value, rather than make money," he said.     "Hedge trading is not speculation," said Fu who has 30 years of experience in the oil industry.     Fu called on Asian countries to negotiate with the world's major crude oil suppliers, as Asian nations have to pay 1 to 2 U. S. dollars more per barrel than other buyers.     Zhang Xiaoqiang noted China will continue to liberalize domestic prices of energy products and resources, saying the recent reform of refined oil prices is a good start.     "We should beef up our commodity reserve to ensure plenty supply in order to offset the negative impacts of big price changes," Zhang said.     As the Chinese government has announced plans to build the second batch of national oil reserve bases, enterprises can try to have their commercial energy reserves in the future.

HANGZHOU, Feb. 22 (Xinhua) -- Although the world financial crisis has cast a big shadow on China's prosperous eastern coastal regions, companies in these areas are very likely to see the first gleam of economic recovery in 2009, according to experts.     Entrepreneurs said their confidence stems mainly from the enlarging domestic markets and increasing demand, which are backed by the government's powerful stimulus package and a series of favorable policies.          POSITIVE SIGNS EMERGE     Just two months ago, more than 60,000 businessmen in the eastern Zhejiang's Yiwu small ware town -- the world's largest small commodities market -- were tasting bitterness, as they faced declining foreign demand and fewer orders resulting from the global economic downturn.     However, the turning point came after the country's traditional Lunar New Year holiday in late January. On the first trading day after the holiday, the commodity hub witnessed 165,000 customers, representing an increase of 10 percent over the same day last year, and the businessmen there were expecting more customers.     Compared with the stagnancy of last year, the market regained its vigor as most of the trade dealers came to find business opportunities and increase their orders for commodities.     Zhejiang's neighboring Jiangsu Province saw electric consumption surge. It used 443 million kwh of electricity on the first day of February. The figure rose sharply to 680 million kwh nine days later, indicating booming industrial production.     DOMESTIC MARKET EXPANDED     Confidence of businessmen in Zhejiang's Haining City was also bolstered by booming economic activities and increasing demands from domestic markets. The city is famous for leather industry.     "Currently, we are not as worried as we were last year when the economic turmoil spread to every corner of the markets. I am really glad to see that my goods are still welcomed," said Zha Jialin, vice general manager of Haining Leather Town Co.     Ye Xuekang, general manager of Haining Jinda New Material Co., also expressed his optimism, saying the company is under normal operation and products orders from domestic customers saw obvious increase.     "Some of the production lines have to operate for a full 24 hours to meet the demands," Ye said.     "It was the move to shift export destinations from overseas markets to domestic ones that helped us. Although various negative factors including surging prices of crude materials and currency fluctuation have almost strangled the company, the orders from new markets greatly offset the losses in foreign markets," he said.     Economists noted that the government's efforts in adding investments, expanding vast domestic markets and increasing consumption are the biggest contributions to the country's economic recovery.     In September, the government presented a four-trillion-yuan (about 586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus plan as part of its efforts to cope with the financial crisis.     Adding to the plan were ten industrial revival policies, which were expected to provide several pillar sectors with fund support, tax breaks and other favorable policies. Automobile, shipment and textile industries were among those that befitted.          PRUDENT OPTIMISM TOWARD THE RECOVERY     Zhuang Jian, a senior economist with the Asia Development Bank, told Xinhua, "The country's economy will gradually recover. However, the process may vary largely from one region to another, depending on economic development degree, enterprise's anti-risk ability, and fortune capacity in different areas."     Zhang Hanya, deputy chairman of the Investment Association of China, echoed Zhuang, saying that compared with central and western areas, enterprises and local governments in eastern regions can do a better job.     Zhang described their advantage as "natural abilities" -- the coastal areas in eastern China have long been served as the battlefront or the pioneers of the country's economic reforms.     "As for the local governments in eastern areas, flexible policies, sufficient capital reserves and fiscal support are the musts to guarantee economic development," he said.     Take Shanghai, another important economic engine of China, for example. The city's new Pudong area's car sales rose 15.8 percent in January over the same period last year thanks to a quick respond to the central government's automobile revival plan.     However, experts warned against blind optimism about economic recovery, as the global economic situation is still complex and changeable.     Zheng Yumin, head of Zhejiang Industrial and Commercial Administration, warned enterprises to cope with the "second-wave" of crisis attack, noting exports were still experiencing a tough time, trade-protectionism sentiments in some countries may make the situation even worse.     "After all, we should keep alert," he said.

BEIJING, Feb. 28 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislature approved the Food Safety Law on Saturday, providing a legal basis for the government to strengthen food safety control "from the production line to the dining table."     The law, which goes into effect on June 1, 2009, will enhance monitoring and supervision, toughen safety standards, recall substandard products and severely punish offenders. The National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee gave the green light to the intensively-debated draft law at the last day of a four-day legislative session, following a spate of food scandals which triggered vehement calls for overhauling China's current monitoring system. Wu Bangguo (C), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), presides over the concluding meeting of the 7th meeting of the 11th NPC Standing Committee in Beijing, on Feb. 28, 2009. The NPC Standing Committee, China's top legislature, concluded its four-day session on Saturday, after approving the food safety law, an amendment to the criminal law and the revised insurance law.    Winning 158 out of 165 votes, the law said the State Council, or Cabinet, would set up a state-level food safety commission to oversee the entire food monitoring system, whose lack of efficiency has long been blamed for repeated scandals.     The departments of health, agriculture, quality supervision, industry and commerce administration will shoulder different responsibilities.     These would include risk evaluation, the making and implementation of safety standards, and the monitoring of about 500,000 food companies across China, as well as circulation sector.     The law draft had been revised several times since it was submitted to the NPC Standing Committee for the first reading in December 2007.     It had been expected to be voted by lawmakers last October, but the voting was postponed for further revision following the tainted dairy products scandal last September, in which at least six babies died and 290,000 others were poisoned.     "It actually took us five years to draft this law since the State Council first made legislative recommendations in July 2004.It has undergone intensive consideration, because it is so vital to every person," Xin Chunying, deputy director of the NPC Standing Committee's Legislative Affairs Commission, said at a press briefing after the law was adopted.     She said although China had certain food quality control systems in place for many years, lots of loopholes emerged in past years, mainly due to varied standards, lack of sense of social responsibility among some business people, too lenient punishment on violators and weakness in testing and monitoring work.     China has a food hygiene law, which took effect in 1995, to regulate issues of food safety, but many lawmakers said it was too outdated to meet the need of practice.     For example, the law is far from being adequate in addressing the problem of pesticide residue in foodstuff.     According to the new law, China will set up compulsory standards on food safety, covering a wide range from the use of additives to safety and nutrition labels.     The law stipulates a ban on all chemicals and materials other than authorized additives in food production, saying that "only those items proved to be safe and necessary in food production are allowed to be listed as food additives."     Health authorities are responsible for assessing and approving food additives and regulating their usage.     Food producers must only use food additives and their usage previously approved by authorities, on penalty of closure or revocation of production licenses in serious cases, according to the law.     In the tainted dairy products scandal, melamine, often used in the manufacture of plastics, was added to substandard or diluted milk to make protein levels appear higher than they actually were.     "Melamine had never been allowed to be used as food additive in China. Now the law makes an even clearer and stricter ban on it," Xin said.     She said the compulsory system to recall substandard food, as written in the law, would also be effective in curbing food-related health risks.     Producers of edible farm products are required to abide by food safety standards when using pesticide, fertilizer, growth regulators, veterinary drugs, feedstuff and feed additives. They must also keep farming or breeding records.     Offenders can face maximum fines which would be 10 times the value of sold products, compared with five times at present.     If businesses are found producing or selling a substandard foodstuff, consumers can ask for financial compensation which is 10 times the price of the product. That's in addition to compensation for the harm the product causes to the consumer.     For those whose food production licenses are revoked due to illegal conducts, they will be banned from doing food business in the following five years.     "This is a big step to increase penalties on law violators," Xin said.     Another highlight of the law is that celebrities can share responsibility for advertising for food products that are found to be unsafe.     The law says all organizations and individuals who recommend substandard food products in ads will face joint liability for damages incurred.     This has been a hot topic in China where film stars, singers and celebrities are often paid to appear in ads of food products.     "The provisions were added out of concern over fake advertisements, which contained misleading information. Many of the advertisements featured celebrities," said Liu Xirong, vice chairman of the NPC Law Committee.     Several Chinese celebrities had advertised for products of the Sanlu Group, a company at the epicenter of the tainted dairy product scandal. They were vehemently criticized after thousands of babies were poisoned by the Sanlu formula.     Many people posted online demands for them to apologize to and compensate families of the sickened babies. But others argued that it was unfair to blame the celebrities as Sanlu had legal documents to prove its products safe.     On tonic food, a booming industry with an estimated annual output value of 100 billion yuan (14.62 billion U.S. dollars) in China, the law prohibits any claims related to prevention or cure of illness on the product's label and instruction leaflets.

BEIJING, March 7 (Xinhua) -- China should keep potential polluters away from the industry-heavy Yangtze river, the country's longest, by raising threshold and readjusting industrial layout, a political advisor said here Saturday.     "We must set quotas on and raise threshold for potential polluting plants along the Yangtze River to wipe out pollution from the roots," said Chen Qinghua, a member of the 11th National Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the top political advisory body.     A monthly report on China's surface water quality showed the Yangtze River was slightly polluted in December 2008 and its branches suffered medium-level pollution, according to the Ministry of Environmental Protection.     China's sizzling economy has seen a surge of heavily polluting industries along the lower valley of the Yangtze River.     Nearly 10,000 of the 21,000 chemical companies in China are along the 6,300 km-long Yangtze River, according to Chen. More than 20 chemical industry parks were under construction.     Local governments had built more than 40,000 reservoirs along the river and its branches in a scrabble for water resources, which has further degraded Yangtze's ecological system, he said.     The government was expanding domestic demand and increase investment amid the global financial crisis, he said.     "We should take the opportunity to improve sewage treatment facilities in cities, and move faster to readjust industrial layout and structure along the river," said Chen, also chief of the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (RCCK), one of China's eight non-Communist parties.     China has seen a spate of industrial accidents along major rivers that disrupted water supplies in cities in recent years.     In the latest incident, at least 200,000 residents in Yancheng,a city in eastern Jiangsu Province, were deprived of tap water supply for three days last month after a chemical factory illegally dumped the disinfectant phenol into a local river.     The city mayor promised earlier this month to shut 33 of the city's 317 chemical plants to check contamination.

BEIJING, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's state assets watchdog will closely watch over projects implemented by state-owned enterprises(SOEs) in the country's massive stimulus package to prevent corruption, an official said here Sunday.     The State-owned Assets Supervision and Management Commission (SASAC) will strictly look into the progress and fund use of projects by SOEs directly under the central government, said the SASAC director Li Rongrong.     Many projects are estimated to see over tens of millions of yuan put in, making it a more important task to fend off corruption, he said at an SOE meeting on disciplinary inspection work.     China unveiled a stimulus package with a total investment of 4 trillion yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) in November to boost domestic demand and offset the world economic slowdown.     Of the total, 100 billion yuan had been allocated by the central government by the end of last year.     Li said inspectors will particularly focus on projects in such sectors as power grids, telecommunications, transportation, equipment, construction and metallurgy.     The SASAC will also check whether the projects cause environmental hazards, consume too much energy and resources or result in excessive capacity, said Li.     A total of 4,960 Chinese officials above the county level were punished in a year ending November 2008, data show. They were involved in corruption and commercial bribes, hurting people's interests.