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BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Equality has become a catchphrase when Chinese lawmakers mull over two major moves in the history of China's legislative progress.     Chinese rural and urban people are about to get equal representation in lawmaking bodies. It means farmers will have the same say in the country's decision-making process as urbanites.     At the five-day legislative session beginning Tuesday, members of national legislature discussed to give rural and urban people equal representation in people's congresses.     A draft amendment to the Electoral Law was tabled at the bimonthly meeting of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee. It requires that both rural and urban areas adopt the same ratio of deputies to the people's congresses.     The electoral system is the foot stone of democracy, and the principle of equality is a prerequisite to guarantee people's democratic rights.     The Electoral Law was enacted in 1953 and completely revised in1979. It then underwent four minor amendments.     Senior people are still nostalgic about the bean-counting way of electing their representatives in villages, which was the country's primitive mode of democracy after New China was founded in 1949.     Candidates who stood for election as deputies to a people's congress were elected if they received more than half of the beans.     Later voters began to use ballots.     After the last amendment in 1995, the law stipulates that each rural deputy represents a population four times that in urban areas.     That means in China, every 960,000 rural residents and every 240,000 urbanites are represented by one rural and urban NPC deputy respectively.     Critics say this can be interpreted as "farmers only enjoy a quarter of the suffrage of their urban counterparts."     During previous amendments in the 1980s, the difference was even as great as eight times.     But Li Shishi, director of the Commission for Legislative Affairs of the NPC Standing Committee, said such a provision is "in accordance with the country's political system and social conditions of that time" and is "completely necessary" as the rural population is much more than that of cities and an equal ratio of rural and urban representation will mean an excessive number of rural deputies.     Rural population made up almost 90 percent of the country's total in 1949. With the process of urbanization, the ratio of urban and rural residents was about 45.7 to 54.3 last year.     Li said that with rapid urbanization and rural economic development, the time is right for equal representation, which is conducive to "mobilizing people's enthusiasm and creativity" and the development of democracy.     Zhou Hanhua, a research fellow with the Law Institute under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said the draft amendment is inline with social change, and "from the legal perspective it shows that all rights are equal under the law."     Obviously, the change will be a significant political progress and it is in line with the constitutional spirit that "everyone in the nation is equal."     It also reflects the transition of the country's urban and rural society.     According to the law, the number of deputies to the NPC is limited within 3,000, and the distribution of NPC deputies is decided by the NPC Standing Committee, the top legislature.     The draft amendment says the quotas of NPC deputies are distributed to 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions on the basis of their population, which ensures equal representation among regions and ethnic groups.     Another big issue that lawmakers deliberate at the session this week is to grant "equal compensation" to the victims of traffic, mining and industrial accidents as well as medical negligence, among others, regardless of the victims' identity, status, income and regional disparity.     The proposal is specified in the draft on tort liability, which is deliberated by members of the NPC Standing Committee for the third time.     Farmer victims normally get much less compensation than their urban counterparts. And there are often disputes from "different prices paid to different lives."     At the session, lawmakers consider to set the same compensation for all victims of an accident that results in many deaths.     It will be a significant step if the draft law on tort liability is adopted by the legislature, as it ensures equal rights for each Chinese and shows respect for every human life.

PARIS, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- The preparation for the 2010 Shanghai Expo has proceeded into exhibits arrangements and service operation as site constructions are mostly completed, China's representatives of Executive Committee of the Shanghai Expo announced here Tuesday in its last report of progress in the 146thGeneral Assembly of the Bureau of International Exhibition (BIE).     With less than six months ahead of the 2010 Shanghai Expo, all preparation on construction and operation are underway smoothly as scheduled, said Yang Xiong, the deputy director of the executive committee for Shanghai Expo and vice mayor of Shanghai.     Transportation infrastructures inside and outside the Expo site will basically finished by the year end and put into use by the end of next March. Supporting public utilities such as medical treatment, drinking water and communication are also steadily in progress, the report said.     Five permanent structures, namely China Pavilion, Performance Center, Expo Center Theme Pavilion and Expo Boulevard will be completed by the year ends. Twenty-six out of the 42 self-built pavilions of foreign participants have completed their structure and 37 out of 42 rented pavilions were accomplished. All the 11 joint pavilions have been completed by now.     By Dec. 1, over 3,400 rooms in apartments in the Expo Village and service apartments in the surrounding areas will be put into service, and the number will reach 6,700 at the end of the year and 7,100 by the end of next March, the report said.     "As major parts of the construction work has finished, we have shifted our focus to operation, such as service, exhibits arrangement and further design and organization of events and forums," Yang told Xinhua.     During the grand cultural events, about 20,000 sessions of various performances will be staged. To date, 200 countries and international organizations have submitted application for National Day and Honor Day events, totaling 633 performances.     The Expo is not only a carnival for China, but also a showcase for worldwide extraordinary culture and innovations. "The success of World Expo 2010 is bound to help rebuild the global confidence in economic development, and further promote international exchange and cooperation," said Wang Jinzhen, chief delegate of China to the BIE.     To provide better service for foreign participants, four management departments has formed with professionals and experts to be deployed in different zones to improve on-spot service.     Additionally, during the Expo, about 200,000 volunteers selected from current 500,000 applications will offer services in the sites, on city streets, at airports and docks for visitors from across the world.     Chinese delegation issued invitation to friends all over the world at the assembly.     "I think their preparations (for the Shanghai Expo) are progressing very very well," Secretary General of the BIE Vicente Loscertales told Xinhua. "The thing we have to do is to finish the preparation on time and open our doors on May 1 to the whole world, in which I have total and utter confidence."

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States issued a joint statement in Beijing Tuesday, vowing to deepen counter-terrorism consultation and cooperation between the two countries on an equal and mutually beneficial basis.     The two sides promised they would boost joint efforts to combat transnational crime and criminal organizations as well as money laundering and the financing of terrorism, including counterfeiting and recovery of illicit funds.     Issued after the meeting between Chinese President Hu Jintao and visiting U.S. President Barack Obama, the statement formulated that the two countries would strengthen cooperation on criminal investigations and deepen collaboration in combating embezzlement.     Other areas, such as counter-narcotics, control of pre-cursor chemicals and combating unlawful migration, smuggling and human trafficking, are also targeted for more cooperation in the future.     The two countries agreed to exchange evidence and intelligence on law enforcement issues in a timely and reciprocal manner, and undertake joint investigations as well as provide investigative assistance on cases of mutual interest, according to the statement.     Obama is in Beijing for a four-day state visit to China that started in Shanghai on Sunday night.

SHANGHAI, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- Visiting U.S. President Barack Obama said Monday that different countries should learn from each other to diversify cultures in the world.     "Each country in this interconnecting world has its own culture, its own history, and its own traditions," Obama said during a dialogue with Chinese students in the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum.     "It is very important for the United States not to assume what is good for us is automatically good for somebody else," he said when responding to a question raised by a Shanghai college student about how to promote cultural exchanges between different countries. U.S. President Barack Obama gestures as he delivers a speech at a dialogue with Chinese youth at the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum during his four-day state visit to China, Nov. 16, 2009    Obama said one of the U.S. strengths is the country has a very diverse culture, and has people coming from all around the world. "There is no one definition of what America looks like," he added.     He cited his family as an example of diverse cultures, saying the family is like "the United Nations" as his father was from Kenya, his mother from Kansas of the U.S. Midwest, while his sister was a half-Indonesian married to "a Chinese person from Canada."     Obama flew into Shanghai from Singapore on Sunday night to kickoff his four-day visit to China, his first trip to the Asian country since taking office in January.     Later Monday, he will fly to Beijing, where he will hold talks with Chinese President Hu Jintao and meet with other Chinese leaders.

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