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Millions of women and girls globally have lost access to contraceptives and abortion services because of the coronavirus pandemic. Now the first widespread measure of the toll says India with its abrupt, months-long lockdown has been hit especially hard.Several months into the pandemic, many women now have second-trimester pregnancies because they could not find care in time.Across 37 countries, nearly 2 million fewer women received services between January and June than in the same period last year, Marie Stopes International says in a new report — 1.3 million in India alone. The organization expects 900,000 unintended pregnancies worldwide as a result, along with 1.5 million unsafe abortions and more than 3,000 maternal deaths.Those numbers “will likely be greatly amplified” if services falter elsewhere in Latin America, Africa and Asia, Marie Stopes’ director of global evidence, Kathryn Church, has said.The World Health Organization this month said two-thirds of 103 countries surveyed between mid-May and early July reported disruptions to family planning and contraception services. The U.N. Population Fund warns of up to 7 million unintended pregnancies worldwide.Lockdowns, travel restrictions, supply chain disruptions, the massive shift of health resources to combat COVID-19 and fear of infection continue to prevent many women and girls from care.A surge in teen pregnancies was reported in Kenya, while some young women in Nairobi’s Kibera slum resorted to using broken glass, sticks and pens to try to abort pregnancies, said Diana Kihima with the Women Promotion Center. Two died of their injuries, while some can no longer conceive.In parts of West Africa, the provision of some contraceptives fell by nearly 50% compared to the same period last year, said the International Planned Parenthood Federation.“I’ve never seen anything like this apart from countries in conflict,” said Diana Moreka, a coordinator of the MAMA Network that connects women and girls to care across 16 African countries. Calls have increased to their hotlines, including those launched since the pandemic began in Congo, Zambia and Cameroon. More than 20,000 women have called since January.Like others, Moreka predicts a coming baby boom in some parts of the world. “The pandemic ... has taken us many years backwards” in family planning services, she said.Some countries didn’t deem sexual and reproductive health services as essential under lockdown, meaning women and girls were turned away. Even after NGOs in Romania pressured the government to declare the services essential, many hospitals still weren’t providing abortions, said Daniela Draghici, a member of the IPPF European network’s executive committee.“The impact in some cases is like what used to happen to young women during Communism, to get an abortion from somebody who claims to be a medical provider ... and pray,” she said.In India’s megacity of Mumbai, one woman was unable to find a pregnancy testing kit after the lockdown started in March, and then couldn’t find transport to reach care in time, said Dr. Shewetangi Shinde, who attended to her in a public hospital. By then, medical abortion wasn’t an option since the pregnancy was too advanced.India listed abortions as essential services under lockdown but many weren’t aware, said Shinde, who is part of the India Safe Abortion Youth Advocates organization.The pandemic has highlighted how difficult it already was for many women to safely access abortion services, said Dr. Suchitra Dalvie, a gynecologist in Mumbai and coordinator of the Asia Safe Abortion Partnership.“All these people ... the marginalized groups, the vast invisible majority. This is how life is,” she said.In January, India began amending laws to allow certain women to obtain abortions up to 24 weeks instead of 20. But the pandemic interrupted it.No one expected the lockdown to continue for months, Dalvie said. Now many women face second-trimester abortions, which are more expensive and complicated, especially “because everyone who is involved needs to wear PPE.”Abortion access has improved in India, but the pandemic resulted in abortion pill shortages in several states surveyed by Foundation for Reproductive Health Services India. Only 1% of pharmacies in northern states like Haryana and Punjab had them, 2% in the southern state of Tamil Nadu and 6.5% in the central state of Madhya Pradesh. In Delhi it was 34%.Some contraceptives are still delayed by supply chain disruptions, said Chris Purdy, CEO of the DKT International social marketing organization for family planning products. Production is back online, but shipping routes are crowded and ports clogged with back orders, he said.Meanwhile, women’s health providers have scrambled to find solutions such as telemedicine, home deliveries of contraceptives and home-based medical abortions.But even now, “we’re hearing everywhere that numbers are down” as public health facilities struggle because thousands of staffers have been infected with the virus, said Marion Stevens, director of the South Africa-based Sexual & Reproductive Justice Coalition. Her group and others wrote to the health minister about women turned away from care.The real global measure of lockdowns’ effects will come when health ministries report annual data, experts say. But it will be incomplete. In Haiti, the health ministry reported a 74% drop in births at health facilities in May compared to the same period last year. Many women are delivering at home, but deaths there are not reported.“Small examples can tell us a lot,” said Nondo Ejano, coordinator for the Women’s Global Network for Reproductive Rights Africa. In Tanzania, he said, a major maternity hospital in Dar es Salaam was converted into a COVID-19 response center. “You can ask yourself,” he said of women seeking care, “where would they go?”At a school he visited last week in the town of Kigoma, five girls had become pregnant in the past few months. “One school. Five girls. Definitely the rate of pregnancy is up,” he said.“I feel like right now we just have a tip of the situation, and when lockdowns are lifted we will see things clearly,” said Phonsina Archane, a coordinator of the MAMA Network. “We should prepare ourselves for that time.”___Anna reported from Johannesburg.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 6513
Moderna says that it will file for Emergency Use Authorization for its COVID-19 vaccine candidate after a primary efficacy analysis showed it to be 94% effective in preventing the virus.In a press release on Monday, Moderna said that a primary efficacy study of its vaccine candidate showed it to be 94% effective in preventing COVID-19 infection and that no participants who received the vaccine developed a severe case of the virus.According to Moderna's press release, of the 30,000 participants who took part in a Phase 3 trial, 196 have since contracted the virus. Of those participants, only 11 had received the vaccine — the other 185 had received a placebo. Only 30 people who took part in the trial have developed a severe case of the virus, all of whom received a placebo shot.The findings are consistent with efficacy figures released by Moderna just weeks ago. Moderna is the second U.S. company to seek Emergency Use Authorization for a COVID-19 vaccine. Pfizer submitted its application earlier this month.Like Pfizer's vaccine, the Moderna vaccine requires two shots that need to be taken 28 days apart. It also needs to be stored at ultra-cold temperatures before injection.Health experts say it is encouraging that there are multiple COVID-19 vaccine candidates that are nearing authorization, as the public will be less reliant on one vaccine in the unlikely event of safety issues.Experts like Dr. Anthony Fauci have said that there is a chance that some Americans in high-risk populations could begin receiving the vaccine in the coming weeks. However, COVID-19 vaccines won't be available for widespread use until the spring.Moderna's vaccine was funded in part by country singer Dolly Parton, who donated million to COVID-19 research at Vanderbilt University earlier this year. 1810
More than 12 million people in the U.S have contracted the coronavirus since the start of the pandemic.The nation's total number of confirmed cases reached 12.01 million on Saturday, six days after the number had reached 11 million, according to a tally by Johns Hopkins University.Daily numbers of new U.S. cases are approaching 200,000, less than three weeks after hitting 100,000 for the first time. The record of 195,542 new cases on Friday was the latest of several recent daily highs.Death rates are getting closer to the dire numbers seen in the spring. The U.S. daily death toll exceeded 2,000 on Thursday, the first time since early May. On Friday, 1,878 deaths were reported.The U.S. leads the world with more than 255,000 dead. 746
NATIONAL CITY, Calif. (KGTV) - The National City City Council voted 4-1 Tuesday night to introduce a new ordinance that aims to close a loophole in a state law that prohibits the retail sale of cats, dogs and rabbits.Enacted on January 1, 2019, the new state law prohibits stores from selling animals unless they come from shelters or non-profit rescues. However, some pet stores have continued to sell what appear to be purebred and designer mix puppies that come from a small group of newly formed rescue organizations.One of those groups is called Bark Adoptions, based in Menifee. A 10News investigation found Bark Adoptions had been importing puppies from another supposed rescue in Iowa that had ties to commercial breeders.At National City Puppies, one of the two remaining pet stores in the city, signs on the dog cages in May showed they came from Bark Adoptions.The manager of National City Puppies, David Salinas, said he did not know where the dogs at his store came from beyond the listed rescues. But he defended his store in front of the city council, saying it comes down to consumer choice.“It’s the American way to have the freedom to choose where to buy a puppy,” said Salinas.As written now, the new ordinance says “a pet shop or retail pet store or its operator shall not sell, deliver, offer for sale, barter, auction or otherwise dispose of a cat, dog or rabbit.”There are exceptions, however, that would allow pet stores to offer “a cat, dog or rabbit owned by an animal shelter or animal rescue organization for purposes of adoption” but only if “the pet shop does not receive any fee from the adoption and does not have any monetary or ownership interest” in the animals. The ordinance still has to come back to the city council for a second reading and adoption before it goes into effect. 1835
MOSCOW — Russian opposition politician Alexei Navalny is in a coma in a hospital in Siberia after falling ill from a suspected poisoning.His spokeswoman, Kira Yarmysh, said Navalny felt unwell on a flight to Moscow and the plane made an emergency landing.Yarmysh said Navalny lost consciousness and must have consumed poison in tea he drank before boarding his flight.Russia’s state news agency Tass reported the politician is in grave condition.He is the most prominent member of Russia’s opposition and has set up a network of campaign offices across Russia to put forward opposition candidates in regional elections, challenging members of Russia’s ruling party.Several politicians and other prominent critics of President Vladimir Putin have been poisoned in recent years.In 2018, former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter, Yulia, were found to have been poisoned in Salisbury, England.In 2012, Alexander Perepilichny — a prominent Russian businessman and whistleblower, died while jogging of suspected poisoning, and in 2004, journalist and Putin critic Anna Politkovskaya survived a poisoning on an airplane, only to be shot to death two years later. 1173