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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Mariah Sunshine Coogan's family says she lived up to her middle name. "She would walk into a room, and she would just light it up," her mother, Stacey Coogan, told 10News. The 23-year-old died Monday night when a plane carrying her and six others crashed in Scottsdale, Arizona. The Piper PA24 plane crashed at around 8:45 p.m. local time, shortly after it took off from the Scottsdale Airport.RELATED:  445

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — It’s a term we’ve heard a lot during the pandemic: emergency use authorization.From ventilators to diagnostic tests to experimental drugs like remdesivir, the Food and Drug Administration has issued at least 616 emergency use authorizations, or EUAs, since the pandemic began.“That’s such a powerful term: emergency use authorization,” said President Donald Trump on Aug. 23 when announcing an EUA for convalescent plasma.Top officials at the FDA are now floating the idea of using an EUA to speed up distribution of a vaccine against COVID-19, writing that it “may be appropriate” under certain circumstances. Critics contend it would be a dangerous move.The mechanism was put into law back in 2004, and EUAs have been used in several health emergencies since, including the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.An EUA allows the FDA to temporarily authorize a drug or device for use during an emergency under certain conditions. There must be no formally approved alternatives to the product, and the available evidence must suggest the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks.“Because in some emergencies, we just cannot wait for all the evidence needed for full FDA approval,” the agency says in a video explaining the rationale for an EUA.While EUAs are relatively common for diagnostic tests and experimental drugs, there has only been one EUA issued for a vaccine. In 2005, the FDA authorized a vaccine intended to protect U.S. soldiers from an anthrax chemical attack. It was the first time the FDA ever used the EUA process. In that case, the product, Anthrax Vaccine Absorbed, had been formally licensed in 1970 as safe and effective against anthrax on the skin, but was not formally approved to counteract inhaled anthrax.In a letter to pharmaceutical companies, the FDA said it “may be appropriate” to issue an EUA for a COVID-19 vaccine “once studies have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness” of the product, but before other steps in the traditional submission process, like detailed information on how the vaccine was made and tested.“It is extremely rigorous,” Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego said of the typical FDA approval process. “People have to submit thousands of pages of documents. They have to open their books, essentially, and show all of the detail on how these things have been tested.”An EUA could allow for the release of a vaccine before the election, something President Trump has suggested but other members of his administration have said is unlikely.The prospect of an EUA for a vaccine alarms consumer advocates like Dr. Sidney Wolfe of Public Citizen, who sent a letter to the agency urging it to avoid the expedited process.“The amount of information on how effective it is, the amount of information on how safe it is is less than would be required for full approval,” Wolfe said. “And full approval could arguably come in three or four months.”Wolfe thinks an EUA could backfire.“The loss of confidence by people will contribute to a much decreased willingness to be vaccinated,” he said, citing a survey during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic that showed people were reluctant to volunteer for inoculation if the vaccine only had emergency authorization.Critics say there’s already shaky public confidence after reports of political pressure from the president in the EUAs for convalescent plasma and for hydroxychloroquine.In the latter case, the FDA revoked the EUA for the anti-malaria drug June 15 after more studies showed it wasn’t effective and could have serious side effects.Dr. Ramers at Family Health Centers of San Diego says there is a big ethical difference between authorizing an experimental drug with limited data and authorizing a vaccine.Fundamentally, doctors give drugs to patients who are already sick, and they're more willing to try something untested in a last-ditch effort. “In somebody who has been through two or three or four rounds of [chemotherapy] and nothing has worked, the risks and benefits are tilted in a different way,” he said.“But a vaccine is a really special situation because we’re giving it to healthy people. We’re giving it to the general population before they become ill. So historically, the safety threshold for a vaccine has been way, way, way higher,” Ramers added. 4302

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Libraries across San Diego County adapted quickly during the coronavirus pandemic, offering digital options for people to continue reading, researching, and connecting with the community."It's hugely important," says Migell Acosta, the San Diego County Library System Director. "People need libraries for serious study and recreational reading and then their information needs.""We knew that our main services were going to be reference, picking up library material and connecting to our technology," adds Ady Huertas, the Supervising Librarian of Youth and Family Services for the City of San Diego. "Luckily, during this time, we've been able to maintain that service, and we're really happy that we're able to do that."Moving to digital services when the pandemic forced branches to close took some adjustments but ultimately proved successful.Libraries moved money in their budgets from buying physical books to buying ebooks so people could have more options to download. The County library system went from 2 million ebook downloads in 2019 to 3 million in 2020 and amassed the state's 2nd most extensive digital library.The City Library created a virtual hub on Facebook to connect with people through storytime, videos, and more. It quickly grew to more than 2,000 followers."We went from creating some basic programming daily to having multiple programs per day for all ages," says Huertas. "We have a schedule. We have storytimes, book clubs, book talks, crafts, stem, learning opportunities, and we even have mindfulness programs and other folks we collaborate to create the content."Both systems also gave out nearly 30,000 take-home summer reading kits to keep kids excited about literacy.The County sent magazines and paperback books to members of the homeless population living in shelters and hotels.Libraries also expanded their online learning options. The County's high school diploma program for people aged 19 and up graduated 25 people during the pandemic and currently has 100 more enrolled.They also offered access to Linda.com, an online learning library of "how-to" videos."I love YouTube like everybody else," says Acosta. "But these are classes that are more business skills, how to do a presentation, accounting skills, and then deep level computer skills."They've had several thousand hours' worths of videos already viewed on the service since they added the service.In the spring, libraries were able to add in-person pick up of books. Over the summer, they offered limited access for people to come into the branches.They also made it easier for people to become library customers by offering library cards with only a phone number or email address.To help address the equity gap, libraries also allowed people to check out computers and other devices. They also expanded wifi signals at the branches to have internet access for people sitting outside the library.Library officials say the new emphasis on digital has made them better libraries in the long run."Whenever there's a challenge to be met, and you step up to the challenge, personally or as an institution, you become better for from that experience," says Huertas. 3187

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Kristi's a full-time 5th grade teacher and her sister, Heather, is the director of compliance and relations at San Diego State, Heather also runs a small tattoo removal business on the side.When COVID came around, the sisters added even more to their plate."We're both born entrepreneurs and always are thinking about solutions," says Heather.While Heather was creating a COVID training guide for her employees as her small business prepared to reopen, the sisters stumbled upon an idea that could help small business owners navigate some of their own challenges."We started brainstorming and began to go through pieces, did the research and provided a training for her employees and thought,'oh my gosh, if she needs this everyone's going to need this,'" Kristi recalled. That's when Small Business Employee Training was born. Their safety course takes in-depth COVID-19 information, along with CDC guidelines and regulations, and transforms it all into a 30-minute safety course for employees. "In the state of COVID, there was a lot of fear and anxiety around going back to work. How does that happen, what are the requirements," Kristi said.Since the course have became available, over 300 employees have taken the course through their employers."The goal is an employee would enter the workplace, go through a training, and understand what COVID is and how to keep themselves and other safe in the workplace."The course is only and employees receive a certificate of completion afterwards. 1526

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Looking for laughs? How about a week's worth of them?From May 24 to June 3, comedians will take deliver laughs during the 5th Annual San Diego Comedy Festival. From local comedians to those currently traveling the globe, profession funny men and women will showcase their talents and compete for prizes.Tickets range from to a VIP pass for 5 for shows at The Comedy Palace, The Lot, Comedy Heights, and other local venues.RELATED: Broadway performances heading to San Diego stages this yearThis year's lineup of comedic talents includes Marc Price, of 80s sitcom "Family Ties" fame, and Roger Kabler, who will headline a special tribute performance as the late comedy icon Robin Williams. A full list of comedians is available online.A variety of shows are on deck as well, from an all-Spanish show to a clean comedy showcase. Comedy fans can also check out improv comedy and workshops. And 80 comedians from across the country will compete for cash in standup showdowns. 1030

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