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SAN FRANCISCO, March 30 (Xinhua) -- History records showed it was not often that large earthquakes caused immediate large volcano eruptions, a geophysicist told Xinhua on Wednesday while talking about whether the recent massive quake in Japan could trigger volcano eruptions.Inevitably, the shaking and changes in the state of stress in the crust could cause some changes in some of active volcanoes closest to the March 11 quake zone in Japan, said Dr. Jian Lin, senior scientist and geophysicist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the United States.However, only if a particular volcano was already in a stage of magmatic inflation, a situation close to eruption, would the shaking make a major difference, he noted.Lin is currently visiting the U.S. Geological Survey's earthquake research center in Menlo Park, California to study the March 11 Japan earthquake.Compared with the cases that earthquake triggered volcano eruptions in the past, Lin said, most of active volcanoes in Japan are located somewhat farther away from the March 11 earthquake rupture zones. "The farther away, the less direct effect," he noted.Therefore, "the most important thing is to closely monitor all the active volcanoes in Japan," he said.There are only two well-documented cases of significant volcano eruptions that were apparently triggered by large earthquakes, he said.On Nov. 29, 1975, the Kilauea Volcano in the Hawaiian Islands had a small and short-lived eruption immediately after a magnitude- 7.2 quake hit the Big Island of Hawaii near the volcano, which was probably the best scientifically documented case so far of a volcano eruption triggered by a large earthquake.Records showed that the Kilauea Volvano was already in a stage of inflation before the quake. Meanwhile, the quake was right next to the volcano, which triggered the following eruption.Another case is 1960 Chile earthquake-volcano pair, in which a magnitude-9.5 earthquake, the largest ever recorded by instruments, could have triggered the Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Volcanic Complex ( PCCVC) into a violent eruption within 38 hours. The CCVC had been inactive for 25 years before the quake.Lin pointed out that like the Kilauea case, the earthquake rupture zone in the Chilean quake was again quite close to the volcanic group. However, little scientific monitoring data had been got for the PCCVC before its eruption as it is in a remote area in Chile.In recent years, scientists have observed that large earthquakes from long distance could trigger swarms of small earthquakes in active hydrothermal systems of volcanic regions, he said, noting that "these small earthquake swarms like these are not the same as volcano eruption."Lin added that the relationship between large volcano eruption and large earthquakes is still a poorly studied subject since scientific record is very short and many of large eruptions in the geological history were poorly documented."Therefore, we still know quite little about this subject," he said.

PARIS, May 17 (Xinhua) -- Arianespace has approved the preparation review of the third Ariane 5 flight, which is expected to lift two communication satellites on Friday from the spaceport in French Guiana, the European launching center said on Tuesday.The prior readiness review approved that "Ariane 5 is now cleared for its May 19 rollout from the Final Assembly Building to the ELA-3 launch zone, where it will be readied for liftoff on Friday at 5:38 p.m. local time in French Guiana," the space center said in a statement.This dual payload flight will orbit GSAT-8 and ST-2 satellites, with a combined mass of 8,190 kilo grams.Built by Japan's Mitsubishi Electric Company, ST-2 will be utilized by the ST-2 Satellite Ventures joint company of Singapore Telecommunications Ltd (SingTel) and Taiwan's Chunghwa Telecom Company Ltd. for Ku- and C-band relay services across the Middle East, Central Asia, India and Southeast Asia.The lighter passenger GSAT-8, built by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), will serve to augment India's Ku- band relay capabilities and offer aircraft navigation assistance over Indian airspace and adjoining areas with its two-channel GAGAN system.The Arianespace started its 2011 busy year for heavy-lift Ariane 5 with the milestone launch of Europe's second Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) on February 16, and then a dual payload on April 22 that orbited Yahsat Y1A and Intelsat New Dawn satellites.

BEIJING, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- Lending to China's small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) rose faster than loans to large enterprises last year, according to the People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank.Outstanding loans to small enterprises by banks and financial institutions jumped 29.3 percent year on year to 7.55 trillion yuan (1.15 trillion U.S. dollars) in 2010, while loans to medium-sized enterprises stood at 10.13 trillion yuan, up 17.8 percent, said the PBOC.Outstanding loans to large enterprises rose 13.3 percent to 13.42 trillion yuan, highlighting the government's efforts to optimize the loan structure, the PBOC said.About 99 percent of Chinese enterprises are SMEs which contribute 60 percent of the country's gross domestic product.Financing has long been difficult for Chinese SMEs as banks prefer to lend to big companies, particularly reputable state-owned enterprises.The government has moved to help SMEs get finance by differentiating the reserve requirement ratio for the Rural Credit Cooperative, the major lender to SMEs, and encouraging innovation in SME bond issuance.In July last year, the PBOC asked financial institutions to establish independent criteria for approving loans to SMEs and to improve efficiency in processing SME loan applications.The PBOC said SME loan growth would continue to accelerate this year.

SAN FRANCISCO, April 25 (Xinhua) -- Yahoo Inc. on Monday announced that it has acquired IntoNow, a startup company whose technology can let users almost instantly recognize TV content and share favorite programs with their friends.IntoNow has built a technology platform that can automatically identify live television content and any previously aired U.S.- based television programming in the past five years.It also offers an application for iPhone and other devices running Apple's iOS operating system, which can help users connect and engage with their friends around the shows they love.With the application, users can find out what their friends are watching and engage in discussion through their favorite social networks, or discover what shows they have in common with others and which of them are on air right now."Relying on social channels as a means for discovering content - - whether it's on a PC, mobile device, or TV -- is rapidly on the rise," Bill Shaughnessy, Yahoo's senior vice president of product management and product marketing, said in a statement."IntoNow's technology combines the ability to check-in to what a consumer is watching, engage in conversations, and find related content," he added.In a post on its company blog, Yahoo noted that the addition of IntoNow will enhance its video programming, and bolster its social engagement across the Yahoo network and on all screens.IntoNow, headquartered in Palo Alto in the U.S. state of California, was only launched in January 2011 and now has seven employees.Yahoo didn't disclose terms of the purchase. Technology blog TechCrunch reported that Yahoo paid between 20 million to 30 million U.S. dollars, citing sources with knowledge of the deal.

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