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BEIJING, Nov. 13 (Xinhua) -- A campaign that aims to boost the public's role in safeguarding food safety and promote awareness of the issue was launched at the 9th China Food Safety Annual Conference, which closed on Sunday.Food safety has a bearing on people's health as well as the nation's sound and harmonious development, said Shi Xiushi, chairman of the Financial and Economic Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), at the opening, calling for efforts to raise companies' sense of responsibility and consumers' awareness in preventing and dealing with food safety crimes.The new campaign is part of a broader five-year program (2011-2015) of food safety education announced by the State Council Food Safety Commission (SCFSC) in May.The program aims for more than 80 percent of the public to be aware of basic food safety by 2015, with the rate for primary and high-school students reaching up to 85 percent or more.ARDUOUS WORKFood safety has become a growing public concern in China following a string of scandals over recent years. In the latest one, illegal workshops were found making and selling "gutter oil," which is processed from leftovers dredged from gutters.Gu Xiulian, former vice chairwoman of the NPC's Standing Committee, the country's top legislature, said ensuring safety is the top priority for the food sector, the country's pillar industry with an output of 550 million yuan (97.3 million U.S. dollars) in the first nine months of 2011.The development of the nation's food safety has failed to keep up with the demands of a public whose living standards have improved substantially in recent years, said Shi.Pledging to do everything it can to ensure food safety, the government takes a zero-tolerance approach to companies that sell unsafe food. In 2010 alone, authorities across the country investigated and handled 130,000 cases of food safety violations, shutting down more than 100,000 companies, according to the SCFSC."The food industry's overall development level is relatively low. There are weak links in the sector's credibility, management, detection techniques and even the laws and regulations," said Pu Changcheng, deputy director of the Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine.Pu's points are exemplified by China's agricultural industry, which is largely based around small-scale production managed by disparate bodies. It would be a formidable task to eradicate the sector's safety issues.The catering business also faces a similar plight. The country has issued licenses to 2.2 million catering companies, most of which are small and individually operated, making safety supervision extremely difficult, according to Bian Zhenjia, deputy head of the State Food and Drug Administration.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have demonstrated for the first time that the brain is a key player in regulating glucose (sugar) metabolism in humans.The findings, published Monday in the online edition of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, suggest that drugs targeting the brain and central nervous system could be a novel approach to treating diabetes."The brain is the body's only organ that needs a constant supply of glucose to survive, so it makes sense that it would have some say over how much glucose is produced," said study leader Meredith Hawkins, professor of medicine and director of the Global Diabetes Initiative at Yeshiva University, in a statement. "This role for the brain was demonstrated in earlier studies in rodents, but there was considerable controversy over whether the results could be applied to humans. We hope this study helps to settle the matter."In an earlier study in rodents, researchers showed that activation of potassium channels in the brain's hypothalamus sends signals to the liver that dampen its production of glucose. Those findings, published in Nature in 2005, challenged the conventional thinking that blood sugar production by the liver (the body's glucose factory) is regulated only by the pancreas (which makes insulin to metabolize glucose). But carefully performed studies on dogs, conducted at Vanderbilt University, failed to replicate the results, suggesting the Einstein findings in rodents might not be relevant to higher mammals, including humans.The current study, involving people, was aimed at resolving this controversy. Ten nondiabetic subjects were given oral diazoxide, a drug that activates potassium channels in the hypothalamus. (The drug is not used to treat diabetes.) Hormone secretion by the pancreas was controlled to ensure that any change in sugar production would only have occurred through the drug's effect on the brain. After the researchers administered the drug, blood tests revealed that patients' livers were producing significantly less glucose than before.Hawkins and her team then repeated this in rats, again giving diazoxide orally, achieving similar results. They confirmed that sufficient amounts of diazoxide crossed the blood-brain barrier to affect potassium channels in the hypothalamus. Additional experiments confirmed that diazoxide was working through the brain. Specifically, the researchers were able to completely block the effects of diazoxide by infusing a specific potassium channel blocker directly into the brain."This study confirms that the brain plays a significant role in regulating glucose production by the liver," said lead author Preeti Kishore, assistant professor of medicine. "We are now investigating whether this 'brain-to-liver' pathway is impaired in people with diabetes. If so, we may be able to restore normal glucose regulation by targeting potassium channels in the brain."

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- Twitter on Thursday started to roll out a major redesign of its interface in hopes of simplifying users' experience, as well as new brand pages to strengthen its relationship with advertisers.During a press conference at its new headquarters in San Francisco, Twitter Chief Executive Officer Dick Costolo and co- founder Jack Dorsey unveiled a whole new look of the social networking and microblogging service.According to an introduction video, the new homepage features profile on the left and the timeline on the right, which are flipped from the current positions and take less space than they used to.Three new buttons were also introduced as "Home," "Connect" and "Discover." "Connect" shows users who has mentioned them and suggests some accounts they might want to follow. "When you use Discover, you'll see results reflecting your interests -- based on your current location, what you follow and what's happening in the world," said Twitter.The overhauled interface is only available to a small group of users at first and will be rolled out to all users over the coming months. It will also remain consistent across Twitter's official mobile apps. Twitter has launched a page fly.twitter.com to explain all the changes.Along with the introduction of the redesign, Twitter also announced new brand pages on its platform. A total of 21 brand partners will be included in the initial launch, such as American Express, Best Buy, Bing, Coca-Cola, HP, Disney and Nike.Analysts said Twitter has ambitions to compete with similar brand pages from Facebook and Google+. According to eMarketer, Twitter's global advertising revenue is expected to reach 139.5 million U.S. dollars this year and approach 400 million dollars in 2013.
BEIJING, Jan. 20 (Xinhua) -- China will regulate the production and sale of cosmetic colored contact lenses by including them in its list of items classified as "medical apparatus."Some people wear such non-corrective colored contacts to change or enhance eye color for cosmetic and fashion purposes.As these contacts are not for vision correction and medication purposes, they are currently off limits to the country's medical administration and regulators, said a statement published on the website of the State Food and Drug Administration on Thursday.However, with the increasingly popular use of cosmetic contacts, safety and quality problems due to the regulation loophole are likely to harm consumers' health, and the administration has decided to expand the current medical regulation on contact lenses to cover cosmetic ones, the statement said.It explained that the administration will soon issue a notice to ban the manufacture and sale of these contacts without proper registration and licenses.The statement also warned consumers of the risks of these contacts and suggested they carefully choose and use such products.
SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 12 (Xinhua) -- Apple has unveiled a worldwide replacement program for the first-generation iPod nano music player due to overheating battery issues, telling owners to stop using the product and get it replaced for free."Apple has determined that, in very rare cases, the battery in the iPod nano (1st generation) may overheat and pose a safety risk. Affected iPod nanos were sold between September 2005 and December 2006," said Apple in a notice posted late Friday on the support section of its official website.The company said the issue has been traced to a single battery supplier that produced batteries with a manufacturing defect. Since the product is five or six years old now, the likelihood of an incident increases.Owners of iPod nano can check the serial number on the back of the product to see if it is eligible for replacement. Apple promises a replacement unit about six weeks after the company received the affected one.The overheating battery issues of the first generation iPod nano have been known for years. In 2008, Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry launched an investigation into Apple after dozens of iPod overheating cases were reported, including several incidents of iPod nanos toasting to the point of catching fire and causing minor burns to owners.Last August, a commuter train in Tokyo was delayed during rush hour when passengers complained of a strong burning smell from an overheating iPod nano that had burst apart.The portable music player also cost Apple a 22.5 million-U.S. dollar settlement in 2009 when a class action lawsuit in California alleged iPod nano is prone to scratches and its alleged defects were not disclosed by the company.
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