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UNITED NATIONS, Nov. 21 (Xinhua) -- Dramatic progress in science, political leadership, and results indicate that 2011 was a "game changing" year for the international AIDS response, and much progress has been made in 2011 to check AIDS-related deaths since 1997, the peak of the epidemic, a new report released by the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) said on Monday."The Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2011" found that new infections were reduced by 21 percent since 1997, and deaths from AIDS-related illnesses decreased by 21 percent since 2005, according to the report.Furthermore, 47 percent (6.6 million) of the estimated 14.2 million people eligible for antiretroviral therapy treatment in low- and middle-income countries were accessing treatment, in increase of 1.35 million people since 2009.The report also found early signs that HIV treatment is having an impact on reducing the number of new HIV infections. As treatment reduces the viral load of a person living HIV to almost undetectable levels, it also reduces the risk of transmitting the virus to an uninfected partner, according to the report. Studies also show that treatment can be up to 96 percent effective in preventing HIV transmission among couples.Eleven countries, including many Sub-Saharan African countries, reached "close to universal access" for AIDS treatment, which is determined to be 80 percent access, in 2011.Botswana made the most dramatic progress in scaling up access to treatment, the report said. While sexual patterns remained relatively stable in the country since 2000, access to treatment increased from less than 5 percent in 2000 to more than 80 percent in 2011.Despite progress, however, the report does note that 2011 marks an unprecedented high the number of people infected with HIV worldwide.Globally, an estimated 34 million people are currently living with the infection. Approximately 2.7 million got infected with the virus in 2010, and as many as 1.8 million people died of AIDS- related illnesses in 2010.Yet the report also notes estimates that as many as 2.5 million deaths are estimated to have been averted in low- and middle- income countries due to increased access to HIV treatment since 1995."Now is not the time to reduce our efforts despite some good news on reducing new infections. Infections are decreasing, but not rapidly enough," said Kim Nichols, executive director of African Services Committee, on Monday at a press conference."There are fewer AIDS deaths, but with the number of infections increasing, prevention has to be the mainstay of our response," Nichols said.Indeed, the UNAIDS report calls for a new framework for investments which are focused on "high-impact, evidence-based, high-value strategies," according to a press release from the UNAIDS website.The framework, which aims to achieve universal access to treatment and prevention centers by 2015, requires a 22-24 billion US dollar funding increase by 2015.Given the withering state of the global economy -- donor funding for the AIDS response has dropped from 7.6 billion in 2009 to 6.9 billion in 2010 -- raising that kind of money may be a long shot. Regardless, UNAIDS'new investment plan calls for smarter uses of less money.According to the report, the framework will focus on high-risk populations like sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs and prevent infections among children, as well as invest in behavior change programs, condom promotion, and treatment, care and support for people living with HIV."The world faces a clear choice: maintain current efforts and make incremental progress, or invest smartly and achieve rapid success in the AIDS response," says the UNAIDS report.
JAKARTA, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) representative for Indonesia Angela Kearney said on Thursday that Indonesia's infant mortality rate is still high although it showed a downward trend in the past few years, local media reported.Based on a UNICEF global child mortality report, over the past 10 years infant mortality rate declined significantly to 35 out of every 1,000 births in 2011 from 97 out of every 1,000 births in 1991, she said at workshop on household to hospital cantinuum care held in Makassar, South Sulawesi.The achievement was inseparable from the central and regional government's endeavors, she said.After all, the results of a health demography survey showed 193, 000 children lost life chance every year before they reached the age of 5 years, she said.In South Sulawesi alone, 17.3 out of every 1,000 newborns died before they reached the age of 28 days last year. Two-thirds of the deaths occurred on the first week of their life and one out of every four mothers gave birth to their children without the help of trained medical workers.Mothers' poor access to health facilities in the country posed one of the obstacles to the promotion of the nation's health. One out of every five mothers came from poor families, she said.She said that a lack of infrastructures and equipment and the low number of trained medical workers had hindered the fulfillment of health services, the Antara news service said.To deal with the challenge, the method of providing health services must be improved and the support of trained medical workers must be increased, she said."I am very happy to see UNICEF cooperating with the South Sulawesi provincial government to develop comprehensive approaches to overcome the shortcomings at social level and public health system at provincial health facilities," she said.

MANILA, Jan. 9 (Xinhua) -- Philippine telecommunication companies cut off the signal of mobile phones in parts of Manila where millions of people are expected to converge for the feast of the Black Nazarene on Monday.Philippine Deputy Presidential Spokesperson Abigail Valte said that the move was part of the precautionary measures that the government has been undertaking following terror threats."Malacanang (Palace) confirms that the government asked the telcoms to temporarily disconnect their services in the route of the Black Nazarene procession as part of the security measures agreed upon during the meeting on Sunday," she said in a regular news briefing.She said that the disruption in mobile services would last for the entire duration of the procession of the Black Nazarene.She admitted that the signal of the cellular phones was disconnected in the past, and terrorists used the mobile phones as triggering device for bombs.Asked if the government considered the possible losses of telecommunication firms due to the disconnection of signals, Valte said, "as holders of a franchise, the public safety is paramount."President Benigno Aquino III personally warned on Sunday the public to be cautious in joining the feast of the Black Nazarene amid possible terrorist attacks. The government is expecting 9 million devotees to participate in the celebration.The Black Nazarene is the patron saint of Quiapo church. The statue was brought to Manila by a Spanish priest in 1607. It was aboard a ship that caught fire, the image was burned, and it came to be known as the "Black Nazarene" which people have since decided to preserve and honor.
VIENNA, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- China is to further help the least developed countries (LDCs) in their development effort through zero-tariff treatment and other measures, Yu Jianhua, China's Assistant Commerce Minister said here Friday.Addressing a LDCs Ministerial Meeting in Vienna, Yu said China will focus on six concrete measures to advance the implementation of the Programme of Action (IPoA), adopted by the Fourth United Nations Conference on LDCs in Istanbul in May.First, as announced by Chinese president Hu Jintao during the G20 summit in Cannes, China would, in the context of South-South cooperation, give zero-tariff treatment to 97 percent of the tariff items of exports to China from the LDCs that have diplomatic relations with China.Second, tilt foreign aid further to the LDCs.Third, carry out cooperation in livelihood projects in the LDCs, including hospital, school, domestic water use and clear energy.Fourth, strengthen agricultural cooperation with the LDCs, including the increase of food aid, dispatching agricultural and technical experts.Fifth, strengthen personnel education in the LDCs to build capacity for self-development.Sixth, continuously promote the establishment of economic and trade cooperation zone in the LDCs by Chinese companies.Yu said that debt crisis in some countries, turmoil in financial markets, inflation pressure in emerging countries; extreme weather and recurrent natural disasters have brought enormous harm to the economies of the LDCs.In this situation, the global community should stand united to give more supports to the LDCs, he stressed.For a long time, China has actively supported the LDCs, under the framework of the South-South Cooperation, through economic and technical aids, debt reduction and personnel training and increase of imports from these countries, he said.Meanwhile, Yu praised the unique role of the UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) in implementing the IPoA, helping structural transformation in the LDCs and promoting the sustainable development.He also said that the Chinese government would continue to support the UNIDO and help the LDCs develop their economies in an all-round way.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 9 (Xinhua) -- An international team of researchers funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation (NSF) will travel next month to one of Antarctica's most active, remote and harsh spots to determine how changes in the waters circulating under an active ice sheet are causing a glacier to accelerate and drain into the sea, the U.S. space agency announced Wednesday.The science expedition will be the most extensive ever deployed to Pine Island Glacier. It is the area of the ice-covered continent that concerns scientists most because of its potential to cause a rapid rise in sea level. Satellite measurements have shown this area is losing ice and surrounding glaciers are thinning, raising the possibility the ice could flow rapidly out to sea.The multidisciplinary group of 13 scientists, led by Robert Bindschadler, emeritus glaciologist of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, will depart from the McMurdo Station in Antarctica in mid- December and spend six weeks on the ice shelf. During their stay, they will use a combination of traditional tools and sophisticated new oceanographic instruments to measure the shape of the cavity underneath the ice shelf and determine how streams of warm ocean water enter it, move toward the very bottom of the glacier and melt its underbelly."The project aims to determine the underlying causes behind why Pine Island Glacier has begun to flow more rapidly and discharge more ice into the ocean," said Scott Borg, director of NSF's Division of Antarctic Sciences, the group that coordinates all U.S. research in Antarctica. "This could have a significant impact on global sea-level rise over the coming century."
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