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BEIJING, Sept. 26 (Xinhuanet) -- Young unmarried migrant women are facing a high risk of induced abortions in China and experts urged that they have better access to reproductive health education.Among the 8 to 10 million induced abortions performed on the mainland each year, nearly 47 percent involve unmarried women younger than 25, according to Cheng Linan, director of the center for clinical research and training of the Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research.The statistics are based on the results from a recent nationwide survey."The rising trend of induced abortions is even more evident among migrants who usually have poor awareness and access to reproductive health knowledge and services, particularly about contraception," she said on Saturday at an event to mark World Contraceptive Day, which falls on Sept 26.A 2008 survey involving more than 50,000 induced abortions in Beijing showed that roughly 70 percent of the women undergoing the procedure were migrants. For many, it was not their first abortion.According to a nationwide study by the Chinese Medical Association (CMA), of all women having received induced abortions, nearly 56 percent had two operations and 13.5 percent had three or more."That not only causes the women certain physical or mental problems, but it also gives the country a huge economic burden of more than 3 billion yuan" or about 0 million, she said.Among Chinese women who became infertile, more than 88 percent previously had an induced abortion, a study conducted in 2007 showed.Other potential health hazards include hemorrhage, uterine or pelvic infection, uterine perforation and cervical laceration.Apart from low awareness, poor access to professional consultations on contraception, particularly among single young women, is mainly the problem.A 2011 survey by the CMA found that about 44 percent of those polled said they had difficulty accessing scientifically correct contraceptive information, compared with a global average of 15.5 percent.

BEIJING, July 11 (Xinhuanet) -- The pace of China's import growth in June fell to its lowest level in 20 months as tightening monetary policies kicked in, resulting in the biggest monthly trade surplus this year, official statistics show.Import growth is expected to slow in the coming months, thanks to the broad impact of the tightening measures, before picking up in the last quarter, economists predicted.According to the General Administration of Customs (GAC), imports rose 19.3 percent, from a year earlier, to 9.7 billion, the weakest since November 2009.Exports rose 17.9 percent and despite this being the smallest increase since last December they reached a record high of 1.9 billion.The decline in import growth has led to a widening trade surplus, .3 billion in June compared to .1 billion in May. But in the first six months the trade surplus dropped 18 percent, year-on-year, to .9 billion."Import growth was weaker than expected, as imports for China's processing trade weakened and de-stocking in heavy industry continued," Wang Tao, head of China Economic Research at UBS Securities, said."Recent commodity price drops, including crude oil, also helped lower the import bill," she added.June's net imports of crude oil fell 12 percent from May to 19.43 million metric tons, the lowest since October, amid refinery maintenance and slowing energy demand, according to the GAC figures."Decelerating economic growth and tightening measures to soak up market liquidity have reined in import growth, but it is not a cause for worry," Li Wei, an economist at Standard Chartered Shanghai, said.The government is expected to announce economic growth data for the second quarter on Wednesday. Gross domestic product growth is widely predicted to slow from 9.7 percent for the first quarter."The slowdown in import growth will last two to three months or even longer due to both falling demand and possible commodity price drops," Li said.Zhong Shan, vice-minister of commerce, said recently that imports will slow down in the second half, citing the government's measures to cool the economy.The central bank has raised interest rates five times since mid-October, with the latest on July 7, and increased the reserve requirements for commercial banks, the amount they have to set aside, nine times since November. The consumer price index, a major gauge of inflation, surged to 6.4 percent last month, the highest in three years.Zhao Fudi, GAC spokesman, said in an online broadcast on Sunday that higher prices are increasing inflationary pressure, leading to a 14.7 percent gain in the overall price of imported commodities in the first half.Imports surged 27.6 percent year-on-year to 9.4 billion from January to June, as commodity prices rose during the first half. Exports increased 17.9 percent in June, down from 19.4 percent in May."This is because of weaker external demand" from developed nations, Wang said.Exports increased 24 percent, year-on-year, to 4.3 billion during the first half, but exports to both the United States and the European Union, China's two major trading partners, rose by only 16.9 percent."The slow recovery of the global economy and the European debt crisis have added uncertainties to export growth," Zheng Yuesheng, head of the GAC statistics department, said.Lu Zhengwei, chief economist at Industrial Bank, believes that the March earthquake and tsunami in Japan hurt China's exports."The disaster cut off China's imports of parts and components used for mechanical and electrical goods, leading to a decline in those exports" which make up a majority of China's exports, Lu said.As Japanese manufacturers resume full production, or come close to it, in September, China's exports will regain momentum, he predicted.Li Wei agreed. "China's exports keep pace with the global economic recovery. And growth will probably see a turnaround in September" when orders for the Christmas season are usually made, Li said.Many companies in China's coastal regions are far from optimistic, citing rising costs in labor and raw materials and yuan appreciation, as well as shrinking demand abroad.Han Jie, deputy director general of the department of commerce in Zhejiang province, said "exporters in Zhejiang have experienced a disappointing first half, and the second half will not be better".

WASHINGTON, Aug. 31 (Xinhua) -- Astronomers using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory discovered the first pair of supermassive black holes in a spiral galaxy similar to the Milky Way, NASA announced Wednesday.Approximately 160 million light years from Earth, the pair is the nearest known such phenomenon.The black holes are located near the center of the spiral galaxy NGC 3393. Separated by only 490 light years, the black holes are likely the remnant of a merger of two galaxies of unequal mass a billion or more years ago.Both of the supermassive black holes are heavily obscured by dust and gas, which makes them difficult to observe in optical light. Because X-rays are more energetic, they can penetrate this obscuring material. Chandra's X-ray spectra show clear signatures of a pair of supermassive black holes."If this galaxy weren't so close, we'd have no chance of separating the two black holes the way we have," said Pepi Fabbiano of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, who led the study that appeared Wednesday in on-line issue of the journal Nature. "Since this galaxy was right under our noses by cosmic standards, it makes us wonder how many of these black hole pairs we've been missing."Previous observations in X-rays and at other wavelengths indicated that a single supermassive black hole existed in the center of NGC 3393. However, a long look by Chandra allowed the researchers to detect and separate the dual black holes. Both black holes are actively growing and emitting X-rays as gas falls towards them and becomes hotter.When two equal-sized spiral galaxies merge, astronomers think it should result in the formation of a black hole pair and a galaxy with a disrupted appearance and intense star formation. A well-known example is the pair of supermassive black holes in NGC 6240, which is located about 330 million light years from Earth.However, NGC 3393 is a well-organized spiral galaxy, and its central bulge is dominated by old stars. These are unusual properties for a galaxy containing a pair of black holes.

WASHINGTON, June 8 (Xinhua) -- Hundreds of small genetic variations are associated with autism spectrum disorders, including an area of DNA that may be a key to understanding why humans are social animals, according to a multi-site collaborative study led by researchers at Yale University.To be published Thursday in the journal Neuron, the study reinforces the theory that autism, a disorder that develops in early childhood involving impairments in social interaction, language deficits and distinctive behaviors, is not caused by one or two major genetic defects, but by many small variations, each associated with a small percentage of cases.The study looked at more than 1,000 families in which there was a single child with an autism spectrum disorder, an unaffected sibling and unaffected parents. The team compared individuals with autism to their siblings to determine what types of genetic changes distinguished the affected child from the unaffected child.One of the most intriguing of these findings points to the same small section of the genome that causes Williams syndrome -- a developmental disorder marked by high sociability and an unusual aptitude for music.In autism, there is an increase in the chromosomal material, an extra copy of this region, and in Williams syndrome, there's a loss of that same material," said lead author Matthew State. "What makes this observation particularly interesting is that Williams syndrome is known for a personality type that is highly empathetic, social, and sensitive to the emotional state of others. Individuals with autism often have difficulties in the opposite direction. This suggests that there is an important key in that region to understanding the nature of the social brain."State and his team also found about 30 other regions in the genome that are very likely contributing to autism and are focused on about six of those regions that showed the strongest evidence."We're now moving on to a second phase of the study looking at an additional 1,600 families and should be able to identify multiple new regions that are strongly implicated in autism," he said.

UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- Mohammad Hossein Niknam, acting minister of health in international affairs of Iran, said here on Monday that his country is working to prevent and counteract the non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which have had significant effect on the population."NCDs have traditionally been more prevalent in affluent societies," he said. "However, they are increasingly becoming common in many developing countries, and in particular among the less affluent groups. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) as others is suffering a heavy burden of NCD diseases and Iran is no exception: the total burden of disease for NCDs is 45 percent for males and 33 percent for females."Niknam's statements came as he addressed the UN General Assembly High-Level Meeting on Prevention and Control of Non- communicable Diseases."This timely high-level event provides us with an ideal platform to share views, information, ideas and experiences, to come up with remedial proposals and to forge effective collaborative partnerships in the implementation of realistic but effective health development programs in common areas of concern pertaining to the non-communicable diseases," Niknam said.He explained that Iran is implementing a series of programs in order to reduce the frequency and impacts of NCDs."As part of these programs I would like to mention prevention and control of common NCDs risk factors, imposition of taxes to curtail unhealthy habits such as tobacco consumption, execution of mass public information and educational campaigns, fostering food industry regulations, screening of blood pressure levels and high glucosemia," he said.Iran has created a Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factor Surveillance System, according to Niknam. This system, in place since 2004, has conducted six large-scale surveys to gather information helpful to public health."Further, comprehensive cumulative national data has been compiled based on age, sex and location to facilitate effective monitoring and implementation of policies geared towards control and prevention of NCDs," Niknam said.Iran is conducting many other integrated NCD control and prevention programs, such as, to name a few, a Cardiovascular Diseases Control Program for rural areas; a National Cancer Control Program focusing on breast and colorectal cancers; and a Diabetes Control and Prevention Program that targets both rural and urban areas.Niknam ended his statement by noting that Iran has held regional consultations on the NCD issue."I would like to conclude my remarks by mentioning that as a sign of its commitment to promote regional and international cooperation, the Islamic Republic of Iran hosted on 25-26 October 2010 in Tehran the first regional meeting of a series of the regional consultations held by WHO (World Health Organization) on the prevention and control of NCDs," he said. "In our understanding, only through closer and meaningful collaboration at all levels, especially in areas such as legislation, resource mobilization and information and knowledge sharing, we may success in our endeavor to prevent and combat NCDs."