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LOS ANGELES (AP) — When a wildfire burned across Big Sur two years ago and threatened hundreds of homes scattered on the scenic hills, thousands of firefighters responded with overwhelming force, attacking flames from the air and ground.In the first week, the blaze destroyed 57 homes and killed a bulldozer operator, then moved into remote wilderness in the Los Padres National Forest. Yet for nearly three more months the attack barely let up.The Soberanes Fire burned its way into the record books, costing 2 million as the most expensive wildland firefight in U.S. history in what a new report calls an "extreme example of excessive, unaccountable, budget-busting suppression spending."The report by Firefighters United for Safety, Ethics, and Ecology criticizes fire managers for not adapting their approach to the changing nature of the blaze. The nonprofit group, which gets funding from the Leonard DiCaprio Foundation and other environmental organizations, advocates ending "warfare on wildfires" by ecologically managing them.The report suggests the Forest Service response was the result of a "use it or lose it" attitude to spend its entire budget, which had been boosted by 0 million because of a destructive 2015 fire season. The agency managed to spend nearly all its 2016 money in a less-active fire season on about half the amount of land that burned the year before."They just kept going crazy on it," report author Timothy Ingalsbee said. "It wasn't demand-driven. It was supply-driven. They had all this extra money Congress had given them, and they had to justify that."Forest Service officials would not comment directly on the report. After asking The Associated Press to provide written questions, the agency declined to answer them and issued a short statement saying it was committed to reducing costs in similarly large fires."Protection of people first and then resources are our primary considerations," the statement said. "Every fire is evaluated to determine the appropriate strategy. We continually look for opportunities to improve outcomes and accountability and to find more cost-efficient and effective methods of managing wildfires."In addition to burning 206 square miles (534 square kilometers), the smoky fire closed signature parks in the area and put a damper on tourism in Big Sur during the peak season of its only industry. Monterey County estimated a 40 percent loss in revenue for the summer season in the area.An internal Forest Service review produced last year and obtained by the AP reached some of the same conclusions as Ingalsbee.For example, the department's review found that from Aug. 9 to Sept. 29, 2016, the number of threatened structures remained at 400 even as the fire grew by more than 90 square miles (230 square kilometers), which indicated the risk to property had abated as the flames burned into the wilderness. During that period, firefighting costs grew by 0 million.The review found forest managers didn't think they could deviate from the "overwhelming force concept" aimed at suppression. It also said the agency's protocol for managing long-term wildfires "does not sufficiently evaluate and adjust to changing risk."One challenge fire commanders faced was an outdated forest management plan for Los Padres that called for full suppression of all wildfires, Ingalsbee said.Mike Warren, a retired National Park Service firefighter who reviewed the report, questioned the wisdom of suppressing fires in remote wilderness where flames can help eliminate brush and other flammable vegetation that could fuel a later wildfire.When Warren was fire management officer at Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, they would let blazes burn in the wilderness if they were confident the fire would stay in the park.The challenge in a place like the tourist-dependent Big Sur area is pressure from politicians, homeowners, businesses, loggers and ranchers to control the fire, Warren said."When is enough enough?" he said. "When do you back off say, 'This is it. We're just going to let it do its thing.' That takes some real political will."The Forest Service's internal review inspired Ingalsbee to file public records requests for other documents that led to his report.Among his findings:— About a fifth of the area burned was from fires set to clear brush and vegetation between outer perimeters and the active fire. One of these blazes jumped fire lines. These burnout operations created additional smoke and cost an estimated million.— A nearly million air campaign, including large air tankers that cost ,720 per hour, was largely ineffective. Retardant is effective at slowing flames only where ground crews can remove vegetation to create containment lines. But drops were done deep in steep, rugged wilderness where it was too dangerous to send crews, and even where flames never reached.— Bulldozers, which cost ,700 per hour, tore up wilderness, creating what Ingalsbee called "ghost roads" that will remain for years. The Forest Service spent an estimated million a day for weeks repairing damage done by dozers.The report concluded that once the blaze that broke out July 22, 2016, entered wilderness, there was little chance of stopping it before fall rains fell.Chad Hanson, an expert on fire and director of the John Muir Project, a nonprofit environmental group, said the cost was stunning, but the approach to fire was business as usual."It's sort of shocking that this massive amount of taxpayer money is being spent trying to suppress backcountry fires that are weather-driven and can't be stopped until the weather changes, rather than focusing resources on protecting communities," Hanson said. "On the other hand, I'm not surprised the Forest Service is doing this because it's been their practice for years."One beneficiary of the firefighting effort was Tom Little Bear Nason, who lives in a homestead in the national forest his family has owned for 150 years. He was also a contractor on the fire, with a team of dozer operators.Nason, chairman of the Esselen Tribe of Monterey County, credited the suppression effort with helping save his property. But he said costs shot up when managers went overboard on backfires and cut contingency lines too far from the fire.He also criticized the leadership on the fire, which changed every couple of weeks, for disregarding a pre-attack fire plan drawn up by local, state and federal agencies, tribal leaders, environmentalists and homeowners that included information on protecting historic and cultural sites.He said those plans "got chucked out the window" and led to significant losses. A homesteader cabin burned to the ground, sacred sites such as burial grounds were plowed over, and a rock where tribal members gave birth was struck by a bulldozer."Lots of efforts went to protect communities that went above and beyond" what was necessary, Nason said. "They were acting on the worst-case scenario." 6975

LOS ANGELES (CNS) - Los Angeles Lakers CEO Jeanie Buss posted a fan's hate-filled letter to her Instagram account to demonstrate that racism still exists."After much thought, I decided to share this letter I received on Monday so that everyone can see the hate is real and living out there. This is happening in our world TODAY. Its real and it exists," Buss wrote Friday on the social media site.The letter, in which Buss redacted what appears to be at least one instance of the n-word, another word which is completely blacked out and the writer's last name, reads as follows:"Dear Whore -- After 60 years as a huge Lakers fan, I now say to hell with the overpaid (n-word) traitors and the NBA. Go to hell and join (redacted word) Kobe Bryant," says the typed missive from a man named Joe.Buss directed a portion of her post to Joe himself:"To Joe: Did sending this letter make you feel better? Really all you did was waste your time, and energy and your postage stamp. (But thank you for including your return home address) Why don't you look in the mirror and see your ugliness because I refuse to."Buss went on to tell her followers that she has received letters like this over the years, but was always advised to "ignore it."She urged her friends to recognize that racism exists and to stop ignoring it."I did. But not anymore," Buss wrote. "On this day, Juneteenth, I ask my white friends to join together, acknowledge the racism that exists in our country and around the world, and pledge to stop ignoring it. We all must do better. #juneteenth #hatewontwin."LeBron James included a shout-out to Buss in his Instagram story, writing "Love you Jeanie!!!" surrounded by heart emojis and giving the finger to Joe.The Lakers organization, which recently hired UCLA professor Karida Brown as its director of racial equity and action, gave the team the day off to celebrate Juneteenth, ESPN reported earlier this week. 1929

LOS ANGELES (KGTV) -- A San Diego native won an Oscar Sunday night for her work on the documentary short “Period. End of Sentence.”Inside a home in Del Cerro, family members cheered as they watched Melissa Berton take to the stage to accept the Academy Award. Before winning the award, Berton spoke about making the film. "It's been a profound experience from start to finish," said Melissa Berton. The journey for Patrick Henry High graduate and English teacher Melissa Berton began in 2013. RELATED: Oscars 2019: Who won in the 91st Academy Awards She advised a group of students at her North Hollywood school, selected as United Nation delegates to advocate for women and girls, where they learned about the taboo nature of menstruation in parts of India. They formed a nonprofit called the Pad Project, in hopes of getting a machine to create biodegradable pads to a rural village in India. Through a Kickstarter campaign and bake sales, Berton and her students raised more than ,000 for the machine - and a film. "We never thought it would be an Oscar-nominated film, but the idea was always, if we could just make an educational film to raise awareness about this issue then that would be the jewel of the nonprofit," said Berton, who is the film's Executive Producer.The film has received some Hollywood backing. Actor Jack Black, Berton's classmate at UCLA, was among its earliest donors. Other actors including Sarah Paulson and Kiefer Sutherland has supported the film on social media. 1507

LOS ANGELES (AP) — Hillary Rodham Clinton and her daughter, Chelsea Clinton, are forming HiddenLight Productions, a company they say will tell the stories of people whose voices are often overlooked. Apple TV announced Thursday that it plans to air HiddenLight's first project, a documentary series called "Gutsy Women," to be narrated by the Clintons. It was inspired by 2019's The Book of Gutsy Women: Favorite Stories of Courage and Resilience," which the pair co-authored. The Clintons have partnered with Sam Branson, son of tycoon Sir Richard Branson, in forming HiddenLight. They say they plan more documentaries and other film projects as well. 660

LOS ANGELES (CNS) - A report released Thursday shows that fewer wild animals have been struck by vehicles in three states during shelter-in-place orders, with the number of mountain lions killed in Southern California and elsewhere in the state declining by more than 50%.Researchers at the UC Davis Road Ecology Center determined that 56% fewer mountain lions were killed in California between the 10 weeks before the stay-at-home orders compared with the 10 weeks after, with the number of large wild animals being killed by vehicles falling 21% from 8.4 per day to 6.6 a day."The reduction in numbers of wildlife killed is surprising, and is a silver lining for both wildlife and people at this difficult time," said Winston Vickers, who directs the California Mountain Lion Project, a program of the Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center in the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine."For Southern California mountain lions, even one lion making it across a road instead of being killed can be very significant for populations like the ones in the Santa Monica or Santa Ana mountain ranges," Vickers said.The UC Davis researchers analyzed traffic and collision data collected from California, Idaho and Maine, which have advanced systems for tracking wildlife-vehicle conflict. The study provides the first evidence that wildlife- vehicle conflict decreased along with reduced vehicle travel during the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, said Road Ecology Center director Fraser Shilling."There is a statistically significant decline in wildlife deaths on highways in all three states following reductions in traffic this spring," Shilling said. "This has not been the case for any of the previous five years for these three states. If anything, there is usually an increase in spring."If it continues, the respite could amount to about 5,700 to 13,000 fewer large mammals being killed each year in the three states, and 50 fewer mountain lion deaths per year in California, he said.The positive impacts noted in the report "are likely to be just the tip of the iceberg of reduced deaths of wildlife on U.S. roads and highways," given the under-reporting of large animals involved in collisions with vehicles and the lack of systematic reporting of smaller animals killed on roads, Shilling wrote.He plans to continue to watch closely for impacts to wildlife given a two-to-three-fold increase in traffic in recent weeks as states reopen their economies.Shilling noted "the clear link between traffic and rates of mountain lion death," and said puma populations must be protected from traffic, especially in Southern California and the Bay Area, to reduce mountain lion mortality.In a unanimous decision in April, the California Fish and Game Commission moved a step closer to protecting six struggling mountain lion populations, including those in the Santa Monica and Santa Ana mountains, under the state's Endangered Species Act.The commission's decision cleared the way for a yearlong review on whether the six populations of mountain lions should be formally protected under the state act, with the act's full protections applying during the yearlong candidacy period.Supporters are seeking "threatened species protection" -- which is designed to protect species that at risk of extinction in the foreseeable future without improved management -- involving the "most imperiled populations" of mountain lions in California, according to Tiffany Yap, a biologist at the Center for Biological Diversity and primary author of the petition.Researchers with the National Park Service, UC Davis and UCLA warn that if enough inbreeding occurs, the Santa Ana population could go extinct within 12 years, and the Santa Monica population within 15 years.The state Department of Fish and Wildlife had recommended the move shortly after P-56, a male mountain lion in the critically endangered Santa Monica population, was killed in January under a state-issued depredation permit by a landowner who had lost livestock to the big cat.Planning and fundraising is underway for a wildlife crossing over the 101 Freeway in the Liberty Canyon area of Agoura Hills that would provide a connection between the small population of mountain lions in the Santa Monica Mountains and the large and genetically diverse populations to the north. 4335

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