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TASHKENT, June 27 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Saturday called for closer economic ties between China and Uzbekistan while meeting with Uzbek First Deputy Prime Minister Rustam Azimov. Li said China and Uzbekistan have deepened their pragmatic cooperation and achieved a lot in this regard in recent years. Besides growing trade, bilateral cooperation in areas like investment and projects outsourcing also made rapid progress, he noted, adding the two sides have improved the quality and increased the level of bilateral, pragmatic cooperation with joint projects being carried out in energy, mining, transportation, agriculture, telecom, machinery, petrochemical and other sectors. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R) meets with Uzbekistan First Deputy Prime Minister Rustam Azimov in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, on June 27, 2009 The Chinese leader called on the two sides to capitalize on the progress of bilateral cooperation, and take full advantage of the fact that the two economies are highly complementary to each other and the two countries enjoy geographical closeness. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (5th L, rear) and Uzbekistan First Deputy Prime Minister Rustam Azimov (6th L, rear) attend the signing ceremony of cooperation agreements between the two countries, in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, on June 27, 2009He specifically said the two countries should continue to expand bilateral trade and two-way investment and spare no effort to carry out major joint infrastructure projects. Meanwhile, the two sides should enhance cooperation in other areas and move faster on carrying out aid and loans initiatives to achieve mutually-beneficial and steady development of both economies, he added. On broader bilateral relations, Li said the relationship between China and Uzbekistan has been developing smoothly as political trust between the two sides continues to deepen and cooperation in specific areas like economy, energy, transportation and security grows stronger day by day. He noted China and Uzbekistan have supported each other on critical issues and worked closely within multilateral frameworks like the United Nations and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which has helped both sides safeguard their common interests and has had a positive impact on regional and world peace and stability. Chinese President Hu Jintao met with his Uzbek counterpart Islam Karimov during the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, and also on the sidelines of the summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries held in the Russian city of Yekaterinburg earlier this month. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao paid his first official visit to Uzbekistan in November 2007 after attending a meeting of the prime ministers of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries held in the Uzbek capital Tashkent. Li said Chinese and Uzbek leaders had an in-depth exchange of views on deepening pragmatic bilateral cooperation and reached a lot of important agreements during their meetings. He said the primary goal of his current visit is to carry out specific programs of pragmatic cooperation between China and Uzbekistan according to the consensus reached by the top leaders of the two sides with the aim of bringing more concrete benefits to the two peoples. On his part, Azimov said the leaders and senior officials of Uzbekistan and China have met on a regular basis to build a solid base for further developing bilateral relations. He described Li's visit to the country as an important step toward putting into practice the consensus reached by the leaders of the two countries. He said Uzbekistan and China have made remarkable progress on energy cooperation in recent years, which reflects a new dimension of bilateral economic cooperation and will benefit both economies. The Uzbek official said his country has been closely watching the economic development of China and would like to learn from China's successful experience. He also praised the measures taken by the Chinese government to tackle the global financial crisis. After the meeting, the two attended the signing ceremony of 11 government or corporate bilateral agreements on cooperation in such areas as economy, tourism and health
BEIJING, May 1 (Xinhua) -- New rules to punish "statistical fouls" took effect Friday in China. The rules, the country's first of their kind, were jointly published by the Ministry of Supervision, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The rules impose penalties for publication of fraudulent statistics or unauthorized dissemination of statistical data. Penalties including dismissal, demotion or unspecified "criminal punishment" face those who unlawfully alter statistics or ask others to do so and those who take revenge on people who refuse to fabricate data or blow the whistle on illegal acts. People who leak data concerning state secrets, personal information or business secrets, or who delay the reporting of statistics, would face similar penalties. The new rules require government offices to carefully maintain and deliver files of criminal cases and quickly release investigation results. Analysts said statistics are not just key data for the government, they are also vital in making decisions about social and economic affairs. Statistics "concern public credibility of both statistical authorities and the government," said Fan Jianping, chief economist with the State Information Center. As the world's fastest expanding economy, China has faced questions about the accuracy of its national economic data. The most recent figure drawing global attention was the decade-low, 6.1 percent year-on-year economic growth rate in the first quarter, which was released April 16. Since the country's opening-up, the quality of statistics has improved. An article on the Wall Street Journal China's website said China's economic statistics were actually very impressive, "with relatively timely, accurate, and comprehensive data published on a range of key indicators". But it also pointed out that there is a political economy of numbers with an incentive at both the local and national levels to massage the statistics. Many China watchers have noted the incentives for local officials to over-report growth to please their political masters. Officials who participated in drafting the new rules admitted that incorrect or falsified statistics have been released at times. Statistical corruption has been found in China for years to exaggerate local economic growth, which is often related to officials' promotion. In April, southeastern Fujian Province said that it handled 754cases concerning forged statistics last year and imposed fines up to about 1.38 million yuan (203,000 U.S. dollars). "As the country strives to cushion the impact of the global slowdown and maintain steady economic growth, they should use the rules as a deterrent to statistical fouls," said Wang Tongsan, an economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government think tank. Wang also suggested the government should reform the evaluation system for officials and increase training for statistical staff. China's top statistics official, Ma Jiantang, has vowed to improve the quality and credibility of government statistics after foreign media voiced concerns about the authenticity of Chinese economic data. "To keep (official statistics) true and credible is not only our duty, it also relates to our need to accept public supervision," Ma said in a statement on the NBS website.
WASHINGTON, April 25 (Xinhua) -- Zhou Xiaochuan, governor of the People's Bank of China, said on Saturday that positive changes have taken place in the Chinese economy, whose overall performance is better than expected. "Facing the impact of the financial crisis, the Chinese government has promptly introduced a policy package to expand domestic demand and maintain financial stability, striving to respond to the impact of the financial crisis," said Zhou at the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) meeting held here on Saturday. Chinese Central Bank Governor Zhou Xiaochuan attends a meeting of the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC) in Washington April 25, 2009. "Positive changes have appeared in the operation of the national economy, and overall performance is better than expected," said the Chinese central bank governor. The slowdown in GDP growth has been contained, with GDP growth in the first quarter of 2009 reaching 6.1 percent, while the growth rate in industrial production has also rebounded, with industrial added value growing 5.1 percent over the same period last year, said Zhou, adding that "there are signs of gradual stabilization." Meanwhile, Zhou warned that the Chinese economy is still facing challenges. "It should be recognized that the rebound in China's economy remains to be consolidated," he said. "The internal and external environments are still challenging, external demand continues to shrink, the decline in export volume is relatively large, some industries have excess capacity, government revenue is falling, and employment pressures continue," he noted. The Chinese government will continue its implementation of an aggressive fiscal policy and a moderately accommodative monetary policy, and implement the package plan in response to the crisis, said Zhou. He stressed that the long-term economic development trend in China has not changed. "As macroeconomic policies gradually take effect, China's economy has the conditions for maintaining relatively rapid development," he said
PRAGUE, May 20 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao called for closer relations between China and the Czech Republic at meetings with Czech leaders on Wednesday. The Chinese government attaches great importance to its relationship with the Czech Republic and would like to push the ties to a new stage, Wen said in talks with Czech President Vaclav Klaus. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) meets with Czech President Vaclav Klaus in Prague, capital of Czech Republic, May 20, 2009Wen said the Czech Republic, together with other Central and Eastern European countries, is among the earliest nations that established diplomatic relations with China, and their bilateral relations have enjoyed a sound foundation. This year marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the Czech Republic. Wen said that in the past 60 years, friendship and cooperation have always been the main tone of bilateral ties despite profound changes in both countries and in the world at large. He said that in recent years, China and the Czech Republic have maintained high-level contacts, with bilateral economic and trade cooperation deepened and social and cultural exchanges expanded. Wen said China attaches great importance to its relations with the Czech Republic and is willing to take the 60th anniversary as an opportunity to enhance mutual political trust, expand trade and mutual investment, strengthen cooperation in science and environmental protection, promote non-governmental exchanges, and better coordinate in international affairs. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (2nd R) poses together with European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso (1st R), Czech President Vaclav Klaus (2nd L), whose country holds the rotating EU presidency, and EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana at the 11th China-EU Summit in Prague, Czech Republic, May 20, 2009Klaus, who has visited China three times, said he was very impressed every time he visited China. The Czech Republic considers China an important partner and is willing to strengthen cooperation and exchanges with China in various fields, Klaus said. He expressed hopes that more Czech companies would invest in China. Wen met Klaus after attending the 11th China-EU summit held here earlier Wednesday. The Czech Republic holds the rotating EU presidency. Wen praised the efforts made by Klaus for the success of the summit and spoke highly of his contribution to bilateral relations. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L, front) meets with Czech Prime Minister Jan Fischer (R, front) in Prague, capital of Czech Republic, May 20, 2009Also on Wednesday, the Chinese premier met Czech Prime Minister Jan Fisher. Wen said it is particularly important for China and the Czech Republic to work together amid the global financial crisis. The Chinese government is willing to expand trade with the Czech Republic and increase mutual investment and take concrete actions to promote trade balance, said the premier. China welcomes the efforts by Czech enterprises to further explore the Chinese market, Wen said, adding that the two sides can also try to jointly explore third-party markets. Both sides should create a sound environment for investment and cooperation between enterprises, Wen said. Fisher said the Czech Republic considers the 60th anniversary as a new milestone and would enhance political dialogue with China and reinforce cooperation in such sectors as trade, investment, tourism and culture. He also called for joint efforts with China to tackle the international financial crisis and push bilateral ties to a new high. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (L) shakes hands with European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso (R) as Czech President Vaclav Klaus, whose country holds the rotating EU presidency, looks on at the 11th China-EU Summit in Prague, Czech Republic, May 20, 2009
BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April. The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending. Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent. China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability. But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption. QUANTITY OR QUALITY? In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery. "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach. "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy." Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably." Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic. For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target. The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable. "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy. "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April. BUYING CURE It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how? "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years. "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said. Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said. Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said. Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s. Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent. "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk." Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax. As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities. "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said. CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE' Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth. Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries. "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach. "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global." Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect. Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure. As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop. It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach. "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said. "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.