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KUNMING, Dec. 11 (Xinhua) -- By moonlight, Ma Yuanqiong, a grassroots AIDS prevention practitioner, and her colleagues slipped into a large community of migrant workers in the city of Jinghong in southwest Yunnan province.As usual, they were greeted tepidly. A dozen sex workers living in the community came to obtain free condoms and brochures on AIDS prevention and quickly dispersed."We visit these women every week. They are familiar with us, but rarely talk about themselves," said Ma, who is in charge of an AIDS prevention program targeting sex workers in Jinghong. The program was initiated by Fuhua International, a local NGO.Sex workers are highly sensitive and vigilant due to safety concerns, since sexual services are illegal in China, Ma said. They have become harder to find since local police started a persistent crackdown on prostitution two years ago and drove many sex workers underground, she said.INACCESSIBILITY IMPEDES EFFORTSJinghong is located in Xishuangbannan Dai autonomous prefecture. Bordering Laos and Myanmar, it's a famous tourist city where the underground sex industry thrives.The AIDS prevention program, which began in 2006, is aimed at improving sex workers' awareness of the epidemic -- which is primarily sexually transmitted -- and prompting them to change risky behavior.In the beginning, program workers quickly realized they faced a significant challenge. "We were often rejected, or even threatened when trying to get in touch with the sex workers at first," Ma said.But the practitioners persisted, approaching nonjudgmentally and treating them as friends, and eventually their efforts began to pay off.During the past five years, the program has provided free condoms and AIDS consulting services to more than 400 sex workers aged 14 to 58 and from many parts of the country, according to Ma.The program has even helped several sex workers give up the business and pursue legitimate careers.However, the organization currently only keeps in touch with about 100 sex workers and has found it more difficult to reach more.The police crackdown has made the sex workers, especially low-paid street hookers, more mobile and less visible, and Ma pointed out that low-paid sex workers are in greater need for outreach as they are more vulnerable to HIV infection than their their higher-paid counterparts."Low-level sex workers are at a heightened risk, as they and their clients, mainly migrant workers and the elderly, all have insufficient knowledge of the disease," she said.According to statistics provided by the provincial disease control and prevention center (CDC) of Yunnan, about 1.6 percent of sex workers in Yunnan have contracted HIV, while the ratio among the low-level group is 3 percent.By the end of October, Yunnan reported 93,567 HIV carriers and AIDS patients, the most among all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities."We conducted a survey in Jinghong and neighboring Menghai County at the end of 2008 and found that low-level sex workers almost never used condoms then," said Kang Jun, head of the HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment office in Xishuangbanna.The survey also found that the low-level sex workers only charged about 20 yuan (3.2 U.S. dollars) for each service, and every day they received 16 clients on average, according to Kang.Ahead of the police crackdown, Kang and his colleagues had provided HIV testing services for more than 30 low-level sex workers, and the results showed that two of them had been infected by the virus."The testing work was forced to halt as the crackdown began soon and we could hardly find them," Kang said.The good news, he said, was that the local CDC will launch a four-year investigation on sex workers in Xishuangbanna next January as part of a massive state-funded research project.
BEIJING, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- China's meteorological authority said Tuesday that the country's northern regions will continue to have sunny weather for the coming 24 hours, while the south will see subdued rain and snow.Temperatures in most parts of the country are expected to rebound slightly, the National Meteorological Center said in a statement on its website.But the lowest temperatures in the areas south of the Yangtze River will remain around zero degree Celsius, the center said.Meanwhile, rain and snow will subdue in most parts of the southern regions over the next three days, although freezing rain is forecast to hit Guizhou and Hunan provinces, according to the statement.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 2 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Justice Department Friday approved Google's 400 million dollar acquisition of Admeld, a company that provides an online advertising platform for publishers.The Justice Department concluded that it was "not likely to substantially lessen competition in the sale of display advertising."Google operates the largest Internet search engine in the world and one of the largest display advertising platforms. It had revenues of about 29 billion dollars in 2010, most of which came from ads revenue.Admeld, with annual revenue of 30 million dollars, offers technology services to Internet publishers that help them boost revenue by optimizing ads display from hundreds of sources.Google is expected to grab 9.3 percent of online display advertising spending in the U.S. this year, up from 8.6 percent last year, making it the No. 3 provider, according to the digital intelligence company Emarketer.The No. 1 position will be taken by Facebook with its share increased to 16 percent up from 12 percent a year ago, while Yahoo! will slip slightly to 13 percent, said Emarketer.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday revoked its approval of Avastin for treating the breast cancer after concluding that the drug has not been shown to be safe and effective for that use.Avastin will still remain on the market as an approved treatment for certain types of colon, lung, kidney and brain cancer."After reviewing the available studies it is clear that women who take Avastin for metastatic breast cancer risk potentially life-threatening side effects without proof that the use of Avastin will provide a benefit, in terms of delay in tumor growth, that would justify those risks," FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg said in a statement. "Nor is there evidence that use of Avastin will either help them live longer or improve their quality of life. "Avastin's risks include severe high blood pressure; bleeding and hemorrhaging; heart attack or heart failure; and the development of perforations in different parts of the body such as the nose, stomach, and intestines.Avastin was approved for metastatic breast cancer in February 2008 under the FDA's accelerated approval program, which allows a drug to be approved based on data that are not sufficiently complete to permit full approval. After the approval, the drug's sponsor, Genentech, completed two additional clinical trials and submitted the data from those studies to the FDA. These data showed only a small effect on tumor growth without evidence that patients lived any longer or had a better quality of life compared to taking standard chemotherapy alone -- not enough to outweigh the risk of taking the drug.FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, which is responsible for the approval of this drug, ultimately concluded that the results of these additional studies did not justify continued approval and notified Genentech it was proposing to withdraw approval of the indication.Genentech did not agree with the Center's evaluation of the data and, following the procedures set out in FDA regulations, requested a hearing on the Center's withdrawal proposal, with a decision to be made by the Commissioner. That two-day hearing, which took place June 28-29, included recommendations from the FDA 's Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee, voting 6-0 in favor of withdrawing approval of Avastin's breast cancer indication.
TAIPEI, Dec. 3 (Xinhua) -- A televised debate among three candidates for the upcoming election of Taiwan leader was held Saturday in Taipei, with cross-Strait issues highlighted in the first face-to-face debate before the Jan. 14 election.The candidates - Ma Ying-jeou, chairman of Taiwan's ruling Kuomintang (KMT) party, Tsai Ing-wen who represents the island's major opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), and People First Party (PFP) chairman James Soong - stated their political views respectively and debated with each other.Both Ma and Soong stressed the adherence to the 1992 Consensus in order to maintain peaceful development of cross-Strait relations.In November 1992, the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits and Taiwan's Straits Exchange Foundation reached the consensus that each of the two organizations verbally acknowledges that "both sides of the Taiwan Straits adhere to the one-China principle."Ma said the 1992 Consensus was "the best way" for the two sides to settle disputes and achieve win-win situation."If the 1992 Consensus was not adhered to, cross-Strait relations will be thrown to an uncertain state, or even regress," Ma said.While acknowledging achievement of cross-Strait relations since 2005 such as the signing of the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) across the Strait, Soong called for seeking "common benefits for all" with cross-Strait peaceful development as the precondition.However, Tsai continued to deny the 1992 Consensus and said that a "Taiwan consensus" should be made before negotiating with the Chinese mainland.The three candidates also expressed own views on judicial reform, finance and issues concerning people's livelihood.The televised debate was held by the Taiwan Public Television Service and other local media.Two more debates will be held on Dec. 10 and Dec. 17.
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