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BEIJING, Jan. 8 (Xinhua) -- China canceled over one-third of all official ceremonies, seminars and forums last year in a bid to avoid extravagance or corruption in the use of public resources.Some 2,549 such activities proposed by governments or public institutions, or 37.7 percent of the total applications, which were deemed "ceremonial" and "unnecessary," were cut, saving 1.22 billion yuan (about 193.39 million U.S. dollars), said an official statement released Sunday.The statement was issued by the State Council's Office for Rectifying Malpractices, a ministry-level inter-agency supervisory body dedicated to eliminating administrative irregularities and abuse of power in government agencies, public institutions and major service sectors.Last year's inspections focused on activities co-funded by ministries and local governments, the statement said.The Chinese government agreed with the public that the soaring number of official celebrations, seminars and forums would cost plenty of money and manpower and exacerbate corrupt behaviors.In March, the State Council, or China's Cabinet, ordered 98 ministries and ministry-level government organs to make public their budgets and expenditures on official overseas visits, public vehicles and official receptions -- the "three public consumptions" that had triggered widespread public concern.Premier Wen Jiabao also repeatedly urged the country's government agencies to reduce administrative expenses, including cutting the number of meetings and documents printed.Official figures indicate that the country's crackdown on various forms of extravagant spending by officials saved the country 5.7 billion yuan in 2010.A blue book on China's conferences published in November estimated that the total output of the country's conference industry had reached nearly 1 trillion yuan. Companies made up half of this total, while a considerable portion came from the government and public institutions compared to other social organizations.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- Vitamin D levels are significantly lower in patients with recurrent inflammatory spinal cord disease, according to a study published online Monday in Archives of Neurology.Vitamin D is a steroid vitamin that promotes the intestinal absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. In recent years, low levels of vitamin D have been linked to a variety of autoimmune conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the importance of vitamin D in monophasic or recurrent non-MS spinal cord diseases including transverse myelitis and neuromyelitis optica is unknown, according to background information in the article.Transverse myelitis (TM) is a disease of the spinal cord in which there is involvement of the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers; symptoms include back pain and weakness in the legs. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a disease of the central nervous system that affects the optic nerves and spinal cord.Maureen Mealy, of Johns Hopkins University and colleagues investigated the association between low serum vitamin D levels and recurrent spinal cord disease. They analyzed data on vitamin D levels among 77 patients with monophasic (having only one phase or stage) and recurrent inflammatory diseases of the spinal cord, adjusting for season, age, sex, and race. The study found that vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients who developed recurrent spinal cord disease."Our findings suggest that there may be an association between lower total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with recurrent TM/NMO/ spectrum disorders as compared with their counterparts with monophasic disease," the authors report. They suggest that future studies are needed to further assess the relationship between vitamin D and recurrent spinal cord disease.

LOS ANGELES, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- An organizer of the World Stem Cell Summit says one of the key problems medical researchers face these days is how to apply their findings in the real world."How do you take the phenomenal scientific research going on in labs and translate it into medical treatments,?" said Bernie Siegel, the founder and co-chair of the summit and executive director of the Genetic Policy Institute, which organized the event."It's a big job to do this, and more than just the science," Siegel said, noting that in a growing field now moving beyond basic lab research, the aim is to connect the people who do the work with those who finance it.The three-day summit, which opened Monday in Pasadena, features more than 150 top international speakers and 50 hours of programming with leaders from science, pharmaceutics, business, policy, ethics, law and other fields.The cell therapy industry, a "nascent" field, has emerged to be a potentially multi-billion business with unlimited potential, Siegel said.Stephen Dalton, a University of Georgia professor, reported that one of the biggest developments in stem cell research in the past year was the realization that cells can be transdifferentiated from one state to another without returning to a pluripotent state.Dalton said the principle was previously supported by a few isolated examples but it was not until 2010 that the idea was widely accepted.Mark Sussman, a professor from San Diego State University, called the identification of lung stem cells from human tissue samples capable of regenerating the highly complex and specialized structures of mature lungs a breakthrough in lung biology and regenerative medicine.He said results presented by the Anversa group in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrate that human lung stem cells can be expanded in vitro and also retain the capacity to integrate into adult tissue upon introduction into mice.The study, Sussman said, has opened up an entirely new field of possibilities for lung regeneration and potential therapeutic applications for many conditions where treatment options are either very limited or nonexistent.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 19 (Xinhua) -- New research published this week in Nature Medicine indicates that targeted drugs such as gefitinib might more effectively treat non-small cell lung cancer if they could be combined with agents that block certain microRNAs.The study, led by investigators with the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, shows that overexpression of two genes called MET and EGFR causes the deregulation of six microRNAs, and that this deregulation leads to gefitinib resistance.The findings support the development of agents that restore the levels of these microRNAs. It offers a new strategy for treating non-small cell lung cancer, which is responsible for about 85 percent of the 221,000 lung-cancer cases and 157,000 deaths that occur annually in the United States. It also suggests that measuring the expression levels of certain microRNAs -- those controlled by the MET gene -- might predict which lung-cancer cases are likely to be resistant to gefitinib.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer, and this leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Gefitinib selectively inhibits EGFR activation and triggers cancer cells to self-destruct by apoptosis. However, non-small cell lung cancer cells inevitably develop resistance to the drug. The study reveals how this resistance occurs."Our findings suggest that gefitinib resistance that is caused by MET overexpression is at least partly due to miRNA deregulation, " says principal investigator Carlo Croce.

NEW YORK, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- For the 34-year-old Alexis Steinman, Oct. 3 would have been a great day, because her father Ralph Steinman was announced winner of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.But as she talked to Xinhua at the Rockefeller University where his father worked, she said the day was rather "bittersweet"."This is the moment, but my Dad was not here," said Alexis, trying to hold her tears.The Canadian-born cell biologist Ralph Steinman died of pancreatic cancer on Friday at the age of 68, three days before he was announced the joint winner along with Prof. Bruce Beutler and Prof. Jules Hoffman for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine."We even talked about the Nobel Prize days before his death," Alexis added."We were like 'OK Dad, I know things aren't going well but the Nobel, they are going to announce it next Monday'. And he was like 'I know I have got to hold out for that. They don't give it to you if you have passed away,'" she said."It's really impossible to describe how our family is feeling right now. We're devastated to have lost Ralph,"Steinman' s son Adam Steinman told reporters at the press conference at Rockefeller University. "We're so incredibly proud of Dad for receiving this wonderful honor ... We know he will live on through his scientific contributions," he said.Rockefeller University president Marc Tessier-Lavigne told reporters during Monday's press conference that the university only heard of Steinman's death from the family about half an hour after news of the Nobel prize came out from Sweden."We are all deeply saddened by his death, " said Tessier- Lavigne , adding that Steinman had been treating himself with a groundbreaking therapy based on his research into the body's immune system.He said Steinman's research has laid the foundation for numerous discoveries in the critically important field of immunology, and it has led to innovative new approaches in how people treat cancer, infectious diseases and disorders of the immune system.Steinman's first student and close colleague Michel Nussenzweig told the press conference packed with reporters, students and professors that "one of the interesting things about Ralph and his discovery is that no one believes it for a really long time.""What was amazing about Ralph was that he just knew that, even though nobody else believed it, this was really important, and he persisted, and finally after a very long time, everyone just found out it was true," Nussenzweig said."Ralph worked until last week. His dream was to use his discovery to make vaccines and it is a dream that is pretty close, and we are all continuing to work to make that come true," he added.The Nobel Foundation made a statement after learning Steinman's death, saying that the decision to award the prize to the Canadian scientist would remain unchanged despite his death, and the prize money will be transferred to his estate.

来源：资阳报