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BEIJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's annual Central Economic Work Conference opened here Monday to set tone for the economic development next year. Observers believed the three-day event would give priority to efforts to maintain stable economic growth. They reckoned in 2009, China would see more risks for worse economic slowdown, more struggling smaller businesses, grim export situation and arduous task of transformation of economic growth pattern. "It is imperative for China to maintain an economic growth of at least 8 percent," said Zhuang Jian, senior economist with Asian Development Bank's China Resident Mission. It was hard for China to bear the consequences of a too slow GDP growth, Zhuang added, citing bankruptcy of numerous enterprises, more migrant workers being laid off and difficulties for college graduates to find jobs. China's macro-economic policies experienced a dramatic adjustment-- from "preventing economic overheating and curbing inflation" at the beginning of this year to "maintaining growth through expanding domestic demand" at present. In the first three quarters, the nation saw its GDP growth slowed to a single-digit rate for the first time over the past five years, thanks partly to macro-economic control efforts and the ongoing financial woes worldwide. "The Chinese economy has suspended continuous heating and proceeded into a period of slow down," Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the macro economy department under the Development Research Center of the State Council, commented. "The slowdown was worse than expected," said Ma Jiantang, head of the National Bureau of Statistics. Data from the bureau showed that the country's GDP growth was 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent in the second, and9 percent in the third. President Hu Jintao said at the end of November that the Chinese economy was pressurized by global economic downturn, obvious ebbing of demand from abroad and weakening of the country's traditional competitive edge. "Impact from the international financial tsunami on the Chinese economy has begun to show up, and to deepen into various sectors of the real economy," said Wang Yiming, deputy head of the macro economic research institute of the National Development and Reform Commission. Since mid October, the Central Government has promulgated a string of policies and measures to prevent the national economy from sliding drastically. They included end of a tight monetary policy and commencement of a moderately easy one, shifting the fiscal policy from "prudent" to "active", starting projects to improve infrastructure and promote people's livelihood, and, expanding domestic demand. The People's Bank of China announced tax exemptions and downpayment cuts as of Oct. 27 to boost the falling real estate sector. The minimum downpayment for a first-time buyer of a residence smaller than 90 square meters was reduced to 20 percent from 30 percent. Interest rates on mortgages for first-time buyers were cut 0.27percentage point. The floor for interest rates was lowered to 70 percent of the central bank's benchmark rate. The central bank cut benchmark interest rates by 0.27 percentage point as of Oct. 30, the third such move in six weeks. The benchmark one-year deposit rate dropped to 3.60 percent from 3.87 percent, while the benchmark one-year lending rate fell from 6.93 percent to 6.66 percent. Tax rebates were raised for 3,486 export items as of Nov. 1. The adjustment covered such labor-intensive industries as textiles, toys, garments, and high-tech products, accounting for 25.8 percent of products covered by customs tariffs. Rebate rates run roughly from 9 percent to 14 percent. On Nov. 9, state councilors announced a four-trillion-yuan (583.9 billion U.S. dollars) economic-stimulus package, which was seen as the most exciting stimuli in 10 years. To boost consumption, particularly in the rural areas where 900 million people inhabited, was important part of efforts to expand domestic demand, observers believed. China has launched a scheme to subsidize rural residents for buying home appliances since the end of 2007. It is estimated that in a period of four years, nearly 480 million units of refrigerators, washing machines, color TV sets and cell phones, which were in huge demand among farmers, will be sold in rural areas nationwide. That means 920 billion yuan to be spent by rural consumers. "There is still a large room for the government to mull more policies to boost consumption, such as raising the threshold for taxable income and increasing income for lower-income earners," said Cai Zhizhou, an economist with the prestigious Peking University. Export has since long been a major driving force for the Chinese economy. Economists believed the stable development of smaller enterprises, particularly the exporters, which provided jobs for 75 percent of urban employees and rural migrant workers, was related to the stability of the enormous Chinese labor market. How to prevent export from sliding down too fast is one of the top concerns of the Chinese government. "It is no doubt that China's export situation will become more grim next year. However, if the country manages to maintain a moderately fast growth in foreign sales of machines and electronics, it will likely achieve a growth of more than 15 percent in export at large," said Mei Xinyu, a trade expert with the Ministry of Commerce. China has taken a string of measures to boost development of smaller enterprises. "It is necessary for the government to work out more detailed, effective methods to mitigate tax burdens and enhance credit support for smaller businesses, and to help them with their efforts to promote technical upgrading and explore more markets," said Zhao Yumin, another economist with the Ministry of Commerce. The service sector, which was able to provide numerous jobs, was yet to be expanded substantially, Zhao added. Zhang Xiaojing, a senior economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that it was definitely wrong for China to waive long-term goals for short-term interests. He believed that to promote the shift of economic growth pattern and maintain the sustainable economic growth would be one of the important topics for the ongoing Central Economic Work Conference.
BEIJING, Dec. 12 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese mainland official said on Friday that the mainland is ready to launch a direct postal service across the Taiwan Straits slated for next Monday. The direct postal service would end a situation that has prevailed since 1949, under which air, sea and postal movements between the Chinese mainland and Taiwan have gone through a third place. Wang Yuci, deputy head of the State Post Bureau of China, said Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Xi'an, Nanjing and Chengdu in the Chinese mainland, and Taipei, Kaohsiung, Keelung, Kinmen and Matsu of Taiwan were selected as regional distribution centers for the service. Distribution centers would be adjusted or added based on future needs, he noted. New services between post bureaux across the Taiwan Straits including express mail, parcel post, and postal remittances would start from next Monday to meet the needs of people on both sides, he said. Before, only registered mails were allowed to be sent across the Taiwan Straits following an agreement signed by the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS) and the Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) in 1993. Parcels, remittances and express mails could only be sent via Hong Kong and Macao. However, the official said the new postal remittance service would be carried out by phases because of technical problems. Residents on the mainland could cash their remittance from Taiwan next Monday, while Taiwan residents had to wait until January or February, he said. In early November, the ARATS and the SEF, authorized by the Chinese mainland and Taiwan respectively to handle cross-Straits issues, signed the agreements on direct postal services during their first summit in Taipei. The two sides also signed agreements on direct shipping and flights, and food safety.

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (C front row) talks to students at the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China, on Dec. 20, 2008. Wen arrived in the university's library and chatted with students there on Saturday after attending the closing ceremony of a year-long exchange program between Chinese and Japanese young people. BEIJING, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao has pledged to university students that the government would seek to provide more jobs for graduates and "put the issue of graduate employment first." "Your difficulties are my difficulties, and if you are worried, I am more worried than you," Wen told the students at the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Wen made the remarks in a surprise visit on Saturday afternoon after attending the closing ceremony a year-long exchange program between Chinese and Japanese young people together with former Japanese Prime Minister Fukuda Yasuo. He said the country is in a difficult period as the global financial crisis has continued affecting the country's real economy. The government has begun measures to sustain the economy, such as the four-trillion-yuan stimulus package and interests cuts. "We are considering taking more measures at proper time. But currently we are most concerned about two issues, migrant workers returning home and employment for graduates," Wen said. The financial crisis and China's slowing economic growth has forced 4 million migrant workers to return to their rural homes, according to a report from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The report also said as of the end of this year, 1.5 million graduates are likely to have failed to find jobs, and the country could see an ever tougher employment situation in 2009 as there will be about 6.1 million seeking jobs. "We are also studying a package to guarantee jobs for graduates and it will kick in soon", Wen said. "The government will encourage major enterprises to increase recruits from graduates, seek more jobs in grassroots, offer opportunities of further study and skill training." Scientific research projects conducted by companies, institutions and universities should recruit graduates, and companies must not lay off graduates even if times are hard, he added. Wen reiterated "confidence", saying it is much more important than gold and currency.
TAIPEI, Nov. 6 (Xinhua) -- Chinese mainland's chief negotiator on Taiwan affairs Chen Yunlin said Thursday that complicated historical problems across the Taiwan Strait could well be resolved through mutual trust. Chen, president of the mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Strait (ARATS), told a banquet, held in the island's landmark Grand Hotel, that problems could be settled as long as the two sides made concerted efforts with "kindness and wisdom" to create conditions and firstly solve economic and livelihood problems closely linked with public interests. Chen was grateful for the considerate arrangement and warm and friendly service on the part of the Taiwan-based Straits Exchange Foundation (SEF) over the past four days. He was on a five-day visit to the island starting Monday for economic talks with the SEF, which was the first meeting held in the island between the ARATS and the SEF. The two signed historical deals concerning direct shipping, flights and postal services. Chen Yunlin, chief of mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), delivers a speech at a return banquet in Taipei on Nov. 6, 2008"I've a strong feeling that the Taiwan public have paid great attention to consultations of the two organizations, and they play great hope that cross-Strait exchanges and cooperation can deepen in order to achieve mutual benefits and a win-win situation," Chen said in his address. He said there was a great relief that they did not make the public feel disappointed and the great attention and expectation on the consultations would greatly boost cross-Strait talks. Chen pointed out that the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations was in line with the interests of the Taiwan compatriot and was a right direction of history. "We have taken the first step, and will firmly move on with steadier steps." "We understand the unusual experience the Taiwan compatriots went through over the past century and we know there are different views on the island about cross-Strait relations. It requires us to negotiate and solve them through sincerity and patience," he said. SEF Chairman Chiang Pin-kung said at the banquet that in more than half a year after the two organizations resumed consultations, great achievements had been made. He expected an extensive cooperation and exchanges across the Strait to benefit people on both sides. Chen Yunlin (2nd L), chief of mainland's Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits (ARATS), and Zheng Lizhong (1st L), vice chairman of ARATS, present gift to Taiwan business representatives at the luncheon held by the industrial and commercial circles of Taiwan in Taipei on Nov. 6, 2008
BEIJING, Jan. 8 (Xinhua) -- China is urging the United States to take actions to repair military ties seriously damaged by a U.S. arms sale to Taiwan. "China-U.S. military ties lag far behind overall relations. The United States should take concrete measures to repair them," Ma Xiaotian, deputy chief of general staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, told the visiting U.S. Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte on Thursday. China curtailed some military exchanges with the United States after the Pentagon announced a .5 billion Taiwan arms deal last October. It included 30 Apache attack helicopters and 330 Patriot missiles. It was the biggest arms sale to Taiwan since China and the United States signed the "August 17 Communique" in 1982, in which the United States agreed to gradually reduce its arms sales to Taiwan. Military contacts between the two countries had become active and fruitful before the Taiwan arms sale. Apart from frequent exchanges at different levels, defense departments set up hotlines and military officials got involved in the China-U.S. strategic talks for the first time last year. "Military ties, which don't enjoy a solid foundation, were further damaged by the U.S. move," Ma said in his hour-long meeting with Negroponte. "That created an obstacle to exchanges and cooperation in a range of spheres. The responsibility for this belongs entirely to the United States." Last December, U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense David Sedney came to Beijing in an effort to find ways to mend strained military ties. The visit didn't produce any substantive progress. "I think it will take a long time to restore military relations," Ma said. With his principal mission of commemorating the 30th anniversary of U.S.-China diplomatic ties, Negroponte hailed the increased exchanges and positive dialogues between the two countries over the past three decade. "It is fair to say that our military-to-military relationship is not as advanced as the other aspects, like commercial and financial ties. There is work to be done," Negroponte said. "Probably nothing that I can do or say will cause the exchanges to be restored between now and the end of the Bush administration, which has 10 days left." Negroponte said the U.S. defense policy would generally continue as the current Defense Secretary Robert Gates will stay in the Obama administration and Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff Michael Mullen will keep his function. "Hopefully in time these ties and exchanges will be restored because they are in the mutual interests of the two nations," he said.
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