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New spikes in COVID-19 cases have reinforced the importance of basic disinfecting and cleaning our homes to stop the novel coronavirus spread.But how do we know that the cleaners we have are effective in killing COVID-19 and other viruses?"One of the things that's important to know: Is there is a lot of good evidence that the coronavirus is one of the easiest types to kill?" said Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi Associate Professor of Chemistry Dr. Patrick Larkin.Yes, he said. He believes most household cleaners will destroy the virus.He said the best chemicals to use for disinfecting are, bleach, ammonia, and alcohol. However, he does warn that precautions be taken with alcohol concentrations."For example with isopropyl alcohol, you need at least a 50 percent solution; and ethanol [or ethyl] alcohol, you want at least 60 percent," he said.But, take note -- there also are guidelines for how you should clean, so it can be the most effective."CDC guidelines say you should clean the surface with soap and water first, and then apply your sanitizing or disinfectant solution," said retired Certified Industrial Hygienist Tom Samson. "Leave it on for at least one minute, and then you can rinse it off."Samson said not all household cleaners are the same, and do not have the same contact-surface time that is required. He recommends reading the labels of the cleaner you intend to use.Larkin and Samson said it is easy to make your own cleaners at home. However, be cautious about mixing chemicals, and be aware what you are cleaning with."The chemistry of mixing a chlorine-based cleaner with an ammonia-based cleaner can be deadly to those in the immediate area," said Samson. "The reaction of these two cleaners is to release chlorine products into the surrounding environment, in some cases, enough to cause severe injury or death. People need to know to get out of the area if this reaction happens and take their kids and pets with them!"Samson notes the Environmental Protection Agency also has a list of cleaners that will kill the novel coronavirus.This story originally reported by Chelsea Torres on kristv.com. 2149
New research suggests that antibodies the immune system makes to fight the new coronavirus may only last a few months in people with mild illness, but that doesn’t mean protection also is gone or that it won’t be possible to develop an effective vaccine.“Infection with this coronavirus does not necessarily generate lifetime immunity,” but antibodies are only part of the story, said Dr. Buddy Creech, an infectious disease specialist at Vanderbilt University. He had no role in the work, published Tuesday in the New England Journal of Medicine.The immune system remembers how to make fresh antibodies if needed and other parts of it also can mount an attack, he said.Antibodies are proteins that white blood cells called B cells make to bind to the virus and help eliminate it. The earliest ones are fairly crude but as infection goes on, the immune system becomes trained to focus its attack and to make more precise antibodies.Dr. Otto Yang and others at the University of California, Los Angeles, measured these more precise antibodies in 30 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and four housemates presumed to have the disease. Their average age was 43 and most had mild symptoms.Researchers found that the antibodies had a half-life of 73 days, which means that half of them would be gone after that much time. It dovetails with a previous report from China also suggesting antibodies quickly fade.The results “call for caution regarding antibody-based ‘immunity passports,’ herd immunity, and perhaps vaccine durability,” the California authors write.That’s true, Creech said, but other parts of the immune system also help confer protection. Besides churning out antibodies, B cells develop a memory so they know how to do that again if needed.“They would get called into action very quickly when there’s a new exposure to the virus. It’s as if they lie dormant, just waiting,” he said.Other white blood cells called T cells also are better able to attack the virus the next time they see it, Creech said.Although circulating antibodies may not last long, what we need to know is if and how people remake antibodies if exposed to the coronavirus again and if they protect against another infection, Alison Criss, an immunologist at the University of Virginia, wrote in an email. “We also need to know if there is a protective T cell response” that reappears.Vaccines, which provoke the immune system to make antibodies, might give longer-lasting protection than natural infection because they use purified versions of what stimulates that response, she noted.Creech agreed.“This shouldn’t dissuade us from pursuing a vaccine,” he said. “Antibodies are only a part of the story.”___Marilynn Marchione can be followed on Twitter at http://twitter.com/MMarchioneAP___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 2967
NEW YORK (AP) — Hall of Famer Lou Brock, the dynamic leadoff hitter and base stealer who helped the St. Louis Cardinals win three pennants and two World Series in the 1960s, has died at 81.Dick Zitzmann, the outfielder's longtime agent and friend, confirmed Brock's death.Brock arrived in St. Louis in June 1964, swapped from the Chicago Cubs for pitcher Ernie Broglio in one of baseball’s most lopsided trades.Brock was an anchor for St. Louis as its combination of speed, defense and pitching made a top teams in the ’60s.Brock lost a leg from diabetes in recent years and was diagnosed with cancer in 2017. 617
NEW YORK (AP) — Century 21 Stores, a destination for bargain hunters looking for fat deals on designer dresses and shoes for nearly 60 years, has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.The retail chain says it’s winding down its business, including all 13 stores across New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Florida.Century 21 joins more than two dozen retailers who have filed for bankruptcy since the pandemic which forced non-essential stores to temporarily close.Century 21 said that the decision followed nonpayment by the company’s insurance providers of about 5 million due under policies put in place to protect against losses stemming from business interruption.That insurance money helped it rebuild its downtown Manhattan flagship store after it was damaged by the 9/11 attacks. 794
NEW YORK (AP) — Health experts are hoping Joe Biden’s administration will put in place something Donald Trump has not — a comprehensive national testing strategy. They say such a strategy could systematically check more people for infections and spot surges before they take off. The health experts say it would be an improvement from the current practice. Some experts say the lack of such a system is one reason for the current national explosion in cases, hospitalizations and deaths. There are differing opinions on what a national testing strategy should look like. But many experts say rapid and at-home tests should be used so Americans can check themselves and stay away from others if they test positive. 721
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