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UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Thursday made a five-point proposal for building a safer world for all through nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament. During an address at the U.N. Security Council nuclear summit, Hu said "nuclear proliferation remains a pressing issue and nuclear disarmament a long and arduous task."     "To realize a safer world for all, we must first and foremost remove the threat of nuclear war," he said.     The Chinese president called for efforts be made in the following five areas: Chinese President Hu Jintao (Front) addresses the Summit on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Nuclear Disarmament at the United Nations headquarters in New York Sept. 24, 2009. The U.N. Security Council on Thursday unanimously adopted a resolution to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons in a bid to seek a safer world for all, and to create conditions for a world without nuclear weapons    First, to maintain global strategic balance and stability and vigorously advance nuclear disarmament:     All nuclear-weapon states should fulfill in good faith obligations under Article VI of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), and publicly undertake to not seek permanent possession of nuclear weapons.     "Countries with the largest nuclear arsenals should continue to take the lead in making drastic and substantive reductions in their nuclear weapons," he said.     To attain the ultimate goal of complete and thorough nuclear disarmament, the international community should develop, at an appropriate time, a viable, long-term plan composed of phased actions, including the conclusion of a convention on the complete prohibition of nuclear weapons, he said.     Second, to abandon the nuclear deterrence policy based on first use and take credible steps to reduce the threat of nuclear weapons:     "All nuclear-weapon states should make an unequivocal commitment of unconditionally not using or threatening to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones, and conclude a legally-binding international instrument in this regard," Hu said.     In the meantime, nuclear states should negotiate and conclude a treaty on no-first-use of atomic weapons against one another.     Third, to consolidate the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and prevent the proliferation of nuclear arms.     "All countries should join the NPT and real efforts should be made to uphold and enhance its authority and effectiveness. The function of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in safeguards should be strengthened," Hu said.     All countries should strictly comply with non-proliferation obligations, refrain from double standards, and tighten and improve export controls to prevent proliferation.     Fourth, to fully respect the right of all countries to the peaceful use of nuclear energy and carry out active international cooperation:     "Developed countries should actively assist developing countries in developing and using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. The IAEA should increase input to promote technical cooperation and assistance in nuclear power, nuclear safety and security, and nuclear technology application," Hu said.     The IAEA should increase input to promote technical cooperation and assistance in nuclear power, nuclear safety and security, and nuclear technology application.     And, fifth, to take strong measures to enhance nuclear security and reduce nuclear risks:     "Countries should act in strict observance of all international legal instruments governing nuclear security, take credible steps to ensure the security of their nuclear facilities and materials, and prevent the diversion of nuclear materials with effective means," he said.     The international community should intensify cooperation and combat nuclear terrorism through concerted efforts.     The Chinese leader reiterated his country's firm commitment to a nuclear strategy of self-defense.     "We have adhered to the policy of no-first-use of nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstance, and made the unequivocal commitment that we will unconditionally not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones," he said.     Hu also urged the international community to do the following to build a safer world:     -- Foster a peaceful and stable international environment, resolve international disputes through peaceful means, and increase the sense of security for all countries. Promote development, eradicate poverty, and remove the root causes of conflict and instability.     -- Fully respect and accommodate the legitimate and reasonable security concerns of all countries, refrain from pursuing one's own security at the expense of others, and ensure security for all through win-win cooperation.     -- Build state-to-state relations of mutual understanding and mutual trust, resolve differences and dispel misgivings, and conduct dialogues and cooperation on an equal footing.     -- Adhere to multilateralism. Consolidate the collective security system with the United Nations at its core and make the system more just and reasonable so that it can play a robust role in international security cooperation.     Hu was in New York for a series of U.N. meetings. He was scheduled to attend a financial summit of the Group of 20 in Pittsburgh on Thursday and Friday. 

LANZHOU, Aug. 12 (Xinhua) -- A total of 550 primary and middle school students flew back to quake-hit Chinese provinces from Russia Wednesday after completing a three-week recuperative tour.     The teenagers, 340 from Sichuan Province, 110 from Gansu Province and 100 from Shaanxi Province, were invited by the Russian government to recuperate at the "Ocean" All-Russia Children's Care Center in Vladivostok, Far East, since July 23.     The students boasted excellent performance at their schools and demonstrated bravery in the devastating earthquake in May last year. Chinese children hug their Russian counsellors at the "Ocean" All-Russia Children's care center in Vladivostok, Russia, on Aug. 11, 2009"Tutors in the center treated us very friendly," eight-grader Yang Yan from Gansu's Kangxian County said. "Before our departure, everyone cried, including our tutors."     "Tutors gave each of us a disk, which recorded wonderful moments of everyday life we had there," Yang said.     The center made a tight schedule for the students from 8 a.m to the evening since their arrival, said Liu Yufeng, a Chinese tutor from Chengxian County in Gansu. "Students danced and sang everyday. They were so happy," he said.     "What touched me most was the sincerity of the Russian hosts," Liu said. "They were very thoughtful."     "I was also very happy to make friends with students from many other countries, such as Russia, Japan and Vietnam," six-grader Zhang Dapeng from Gansu's Wenxian County said. "I enjoyed learning different cultures from them."     On May 12, 2008, an 8.0-magnitude earthquake jolted Sichuan and neighboring Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, leaving more than 87,000 dead or missing and more than 370,000 injured.     Since 2008, two batches of more than 1,500 pupils from Sichuan, Gansu, and Shaanxi have been invited to recuperate in Russia. Last year, the first group of 1,018 students went to Russia for rehabilitation.

BEIJING, Aug. 29 (Xinhua) -- Drink or drive? This is a dilemma for many Chinese in a society soaked in a centuries-old drinking culture which is now travelling in private motor cars.     For Liu Kun, a 25-year-old media worker in Beijing, the choice is simple and there is only one answer - she won't even have a sip of beer before she drives.     "I didn't treat it (drink driving) seriously before," said Liu, who has been driving for three years. "But now I obey the rules strictly."     Liu is one of many Chinese motorists sobering up and thinking twice about their onetime drinking and driving. This situation has been brought about by a spate of serious drink driving accidents in China, including fatalities. The situation has sparked a public outcry.     Chinese police launched a two-month nationwide crackdown against driving under the influence (DUI) two weeks ago, following a series of shocking cases in which drunk drivers killed pedestrians. By Friday, 28,880 drivers had been caught and punished for DUI, the Ministry of Public Security said.     Kong Linnan, a 25-year-old Beijing resident, said: "Drink drivers should be severely penalized. They are irresponsible about their own lives, let alone others."     Besides changing attitudes, the crackdown has brought about an unexpected boom to once sluggish businesses, such as drive-home services that help carry home drinkers by contracting relief drivers.     He Jin, chief executive of the Beijing Benaoanda Drive-back Company, said his company had carried home more than 110 customers every day in the past week, 20 times more than five years ago when his service was established. The company charges 80 yuan (12 U.S. dollars) for each journey.     Now about seven or eight companies in Beijing are providing similar services, He said.     "Taking a cab is a cheaper way to carry a drinker back home. But many taxi drivers are rather reluctant to do it," said He.     Zhang Changyun, a Beijing taxi driver, said, "They always throw up in my cab. It's nasty. I can't use my cab for the whole day." Zhang always refuses to carry those who have been drinking heavily.     "That's our advantage. Car owners don't have to come back to the restaurants to retrieve cars in next day," He said.     China's population, a large alcohol consumer, is now rapidly becoming mobile, putting more strain on controlling drink driving. In Beijing, a city of more than 15 million people, motor vehicles numbered 3.76 million in July.     "The market potential for a drive-home service is huge," said He.          LIFESTYLE CHANGES     Despite criticism that drive-home services could encourage drink driving, He defended them as necessary because "drinking at banquets is deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture."     Most of their drive-home contracts are taken out by big companies because "business talks at the dinner table with drinking are also popular business culture in China", He said.     An indispensable part of dining etiquette in China is drinking toasts, by which a lot of business is resolved at a drinking table rather than a negotiating one.     In addition, while declining a drink is deemed as "losing face", driving after drinking is sometimes considered heroic. In the commercial world it is apparently considered the winner is the biggest drinker.     Wang Xiaokun, marketing manager of a real estate consultancy in southwest China's Chengdu City, has cut short the frequency of hosting business banquets since most of his clients who drive are knocking back drinking while dining.     He has mixed feelings toward the crackdown.     "I don't like the drinking sessions," said Wang, "But without them, I must find other ways to buddy up to my clients."     Gao Zhifeng, 29, a government official in Beijing, welcomes the tight controls.     "Thanks to the campaign, I'm now more justified to excuse myself from toast proposals by saying simply 'I drive'," said Gao. He often did not handle drinking well, but often had his arm twisted to drink alcohol at business banquets.     Yi Rong, Gao's wife, said that tighter DUI law enforcement helped lessen the worries of drivers' families.     "I'm so happy that China's alcohol culture is starting to change," said Yi.          BOOMS AND WORRIES     Alcohol-free beer is also doing well because of the crackdown. Many restaurants now sell this beer which contains less ethyl alcohol.     Yu Li, manager of Veganhut, a health restaurant in Beijing's Central Business District, said, "We sell only alcohol-free beer and it's selling well. It's a new trend in dining."     Ding Guangxue, deputy chief executive of the Yanjing Beer Group, said the brewerery's output of alcohol-free beer was more than 4 million bottles this month, registering a 10 percent year-on-year increase.     But alcohol-free beer is not totally free from ethanol. "Two bottles may raise your blood alcohol to the limit," said Ding.     The crackdown is also worrying China's catering industry which makes large profits out of liquor, since beer sold at a restaurant can be priced four times higher than in a supermarket.     Zhang Zhenjiang, general secretary of Beijing Association for Liquor and Spirits Circulation, said, "We're worried that tighter control could dent profits and raise costs."     "Alcohol-free has only a small share of sales. It cannot replace ordinary liquor," said Zhang.     On the Internet, some netizens are suggesting restaurants be obliged to dissuade their driving customers from drinking.     But Fu Guiping, a corporate lawyer with Beijing Huatian Catering Group, said liquor outlets had no power or obligation to manage affairs that should be carried by the law enforcement sector.     "It's unfair to put responsibility on the shoulders of businesses," said Fu. "It calls for efforts from all walks of life."

BEIJING, Aug. 1 (Xinhua) -- The major part of China's armed forces, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), has targeted on building up a defense might capable to handle threats in multidimensional battlefields.     Celebrating the PLA's 82th founding anniversary which falls on August 1, military experts told Xinhua that an ongoing significant reform inside the 2.3-million strong might will take much more attentions to modernization of the navy and air force.Among the three PLA's senior officers who were promoted to full generals on July 20, Deputy Chief of General Staff Ma Xiaotian was awarded three-star insignias on shoulder of his original Air Force blue uniform.     The PLA's officers from different services used to change to the Army's green uniforms if they are promoted to positions in the PLA's four headquarters, a symbol of the Army's dominance in the PLA's construction and development. Chinese soldiers perform during a vocal concert marking the 82nd anniversary of the establishment of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), in Hefei, capital of east China's Anhui Province, Aug. 1, 2009    For example, General Liu Huaqing abandoned his white uniform as the Navy's commander after being promoted to Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) in 1987.     General Ma is just a new symbol that the PLA's officers from navy and air force keep their original uniforms as the effort to pay more attentions to the voices from other services.     In the current China's top military authority, commanders of the PLA's Navy, Air Force and the Second Artillery Corps for the first time become members of the CMC.

BEIJING, July 29 -- The securities watchdog is mulling further measures to plug the loopholes that showed up in the latest round of initial public offerings (IPO), according to Shang Fulin, chairman, China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC).     The CSRC is generally satisfied with the results of the recent reforms, but also identified a number of areas that need to be improved. One of these areas is the lack of a provision to block institutional investors from taking advantage of the new allotment system by masquerading as personal investors in their IPO applications.     "Some institutional investors were known to have circumvented the subscription limits on their accounts by making applications through personal investor accounts opened with borrowed ID cards," said Lu Junlong, analyst, China Finance Online. "Stockbrokers keen on earning commission fees usually turn a blind eye to such irregularities," he said. People watch the index screen at a stock market in Shanghai, China, July 1, 2009. The CSRC said it is planning to take steps to safeguard individual investors' interests.    This has defeated, to some extent, the primary objective of the reform, of increasing the allotment of new shares to personal investors. In the past, the deluge of applications from well-financed institutional investors had largely crowded out applications from individual investors.     Because of the loophole, the ratios of allocation of newly issued shares to personal investors in the past several IPOs were still deemed too low.     For example, the ratio of allocation in the IPOs of Guilin Sanjin Pharmaceutical, one of the first companies to obtain a stock exchange listing after the lifting of the IPO suspension, was only 0.17 percent.     The ratio of allocation in the Sichuan Expressway IPO was 0.26 percent, while it was 2.83 percent for China State Construction Engineering Corp's public float.     "The ratio of allocation to subscription is at a low level, similar to the lottery system in the past," said Zhu Hongbin, an investor with over 10-year experience in the market.     Considering the wide price gap between the primary and secondary markets, many institutional investors borrowed heavily from banks to subscribe for new shares.     Easy credit and cheap money have given institutional investors a much greater edge over small investors in the fight for IPO allotments.     "As long as the interbank seven-day repurchase rate stays below 3 to 4 percent, we can make profits by subscribing to new shares," a Shanghai-based fund manger said, who refused to be named.     The investors' feverish penchant for newly listed stocks saw Sichuan Expressway Co soar 202 percent on debut. The bourse suspended trading in the scrip for two times to allow for a cooling off period on the first day.     The company's issue price was 3.6 yuan, nearly 20 times the PE (price-to-earnings) ratio. After collective bidding, the opening price soared to 7.6 yuan and the shares finally closed at 10.9 yuan after touching a high of over 15 yuan.     The high price was beyond the expectation of many analysts.     According the reports from 23 securities firms, most analysts thought the reasonable price could be around 5 yuan. Guotai Junan Securities Co was the most optimistic, which estimated the shares could be worth around 7 yuan.     The shares subsequently began to slump and closed at 9.81 yuan, with many individual investors burning their figures.     According to the Shanghai Stock Exchange, individual investors were the main buyers for the new shares of Sichuan Expressway on its first trading day. Among the 74,000 accounts that bought shares on that date, about 99.9 percent was personal accounts. Institutional investors, including fund mangers, securities firms and insurance companies, did not join the speculation.     According to CSRC Chairman Shang Fulin, the regulators are working on a plan to educate individual investors and also exploring effective mechanisms to protect investors' rights.

来源：资阳报