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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Even though Americans could start getting vaccinated in days, experts say people who get the shot will still need to wear masks and practice social distancing until scientists can answer a key question: whether immunized people can continue to spread COVID-19.The clinical trials by Pfizer and Moderna showed the two vaccines were about 95 percent effective, but what that really means is they were 95 percent effective at preventing COVID-19 symptoms.The trials did not measure whether vaccinated volunteers got infected without showing symptoms.That means “it is possible and conceivable” that immunized individuals could still be silent spreaders, said Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego. “You’re not going to get sick, but you still get an asymptomatic case, pass it on to your grandmother and kill her.”Both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are injected into the arm muscle to stimulate production of antibodies. From there, the antibodies can quickly get to the lungs to fend off severe infection. But experts say the antibodies may have less access to the nose and throat, the primary entry points for the virus.Some studies have suggested that people without symptoms can still have high enough levels of coronavirus in their nose to infect other people.“The vaccine is doing something to prevent disease. We don't really know yet if it prevents transmission,” said Dr. Ramers. “So we have to fall back on all those fundamental things like distancing, masking and washing hands.”Still, experts say there are encouraging clues that vaccinated people may be less contagious. A study in October found antibody levels in the blood were similar to levels in saliva.AstraZeneca had volunteers in its trial test themselves for signs of infection and reported there were fewer asymptomatic cases. However, the company has not yet provided details and its vaccine relies on different technology than Pfizer and Moderna’s mRNA candidates.Until we know more, doctors say vaccinated people will have to keep wearing masks -- potentially until there we achieve herd immunity.“There is modeling to suggest that it will be summer until we reach the point where there are enough people vaccinated that this curve of new cases really starts to go down,” Ramers said.There’s a chance we could get good news before then. Both Pfizer and Moderna say they’ll start testing their volunteers’ blood to reveal if they got infected after vaccination.Pfizer plans to examine a subset of its volunteers. Moderna said it will analyze blood from everyone in the trial.Moderna said it will take several weeks to produce results. 2656
SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Hiring is increasing in San Diego County with local employers adding jobs in all industries, the San Diego Workforce Partnership reported. The most recent U.S. Bureau of Labor statistics show unemployment dropped to 3 percent in April, as San Diego County gained 7,800 jobs month-over-month. The largest increase was posted in the construction field, with 2,200 jobs added. The boom was likely due to improving weather in April after an unusually rainy winter, experts said. Other growing industries included Education and Health, and Professional and Business, which added 1,000 jobs. The Government and Leisure and Hospitality fields each grew by 900 jobs. The smallest growth was reported in the Information field, with 100 jobs added in April. RELATED: Making It in San Diego: Standout resume is key in competitive job marketThe San Diego Workforce Partnership reported the most year-over-year growth in Education and Health, with 7,600 jobs added.</noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display:none;"> 1071

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Health experts are weighing in after a local nurse tested positive for COVID-19 more than a week after receiving the Pfizer vaccine.In a Facebook message posted on December 18, Matthew W., an ER nurse at at two different local hospitals, talked about receiving the Pfizer vaccine that day. He told ABC 10News his arm was sore for a day but he suffered no other side effects.Six days later on Christmas Eve -- after working a shift in the COVID-19 unit -- he became sick. He got the chills and later came down with muscle aches and fatigue.The day after Christmas, he went to a drive-up hospital testing site and tested positive for COVID-19."It's not unexpected at all. If you work through the numbers, this is exactly what we’d expect to happen if someone was exposed," said Dr. Christian Ramers, an infectious disease specialist with Family Health Centers of San Diego. He serves on the clinical advisory panel for the county’s vaccine rollout.He points out, it is possible Matthew was infected before receiving the vaccine, as the incubation period may be as much as two weeks. Dr. Ramers says if Matthew did contract it after the vaccine, it’s still in line with what we know."We know from the vaccine clinical trials that it’s going to take about 10 to 14 days for you to start to develop protection from the vaccine," said Dr. Ramers.Dr. Ramers says he knows of several other local cases where health care workers became infected around the time they received the vaccine. He says all the cases illustrate the fact that results aren’t immediate. Even after you start receiving some protection, it won't be full protection."That first dose we think gives you somewhere around 50%, and you need that second dose to get up to 95%," said Dr. Ramers.Dr. Ramers says Matthew’s story also shows that even with vaccines, the pandemic isn’t going to turn around instantly."You hear heath practitioners being very optimistic about it being the beginning of the end, but it’s going to be a slow roll, weeks to months as we roll out the vaccine," said Dr. Ramers.He adds this case is a good reminder of why masks, handwashing, and other COVID protocols are important, even after receiving the vaccine.Matthew says he’s feeling better since his symptoms peaked on Christmas Day but still feels fatigued. 2323
SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- For over a decade, SDSU associate professor of chemistry Gregory Holland has been researching spiders and particularly black widow’s silk.They’ve come to the realization, through their research, that the properties of black widow silk are stronger than steel and tougher than the Kevlar in bulletproof vests.Gregory Holland, SDSU associate professor of analytical chemistry and Northwestern chemistry professor Nathan Gianneschi said their collaboration shows the organization of the molecules involved in silk production is more complex than previously thought.There are companies that use synthetic spider silk but its the specific black widow spider silk that has the top tier benefits.“The synthetic spider silk its not a bad material, its just not as good as the real thing," Holland said.Holland says the company that creates synthetic silk actually has partnerships with Adidas and Patagonia. "The most important thing is a spider does it low energy, environmentally friendly. It’s just protein water and salt”.Once they reach the point where they’re able to identically replicate the silk of a black widow spider, the artificial version could be used in building materials for bridges or environmentally friendly replacements for plastic.Black widows (Latrodectus hesperus) spin a lightweight thread much stronger than that of other spider species, with draglines that can stretch an extra 25 percent of their length before snapping.The composition of the spun silk fibers was previously identified, but the structure of the proteins involved in producing them has been more of a mystery, now one step closer. 1650
SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Governor Gavin Newsom's announcement Friday on the fall school year left many parents unsure what to expect.Schools have a list of guidelines they must comply with to open in person classes. The most difficult guideline, potentially, is to stay off the state's watch list for 14 consecutive days.This leaves parents in limbo.Tancy Campbell has been juggling a 9-year-old, 5-year-old with special needs, and an Esty shop while her husband is deployed with the Navy. "I'm overwhelmed right now," she said.RELATED: Newsom: Counties on state watch list won't start fall school year in personWhen it comes to the school year she has mixed feelings. She is less nervous about her 9-year-old who understands social distancing and mask etiquette, but her 5-year-old son hasn't reached that level yet."I'm worried about him going but I'm worried about him staying as well so it's like a double-edged sword," Campbell said.She said he has autism and is regressing without social interaction, but if he were to go to school right now she's worried he could catch coronavirus. These stresses piling up over the past four months.Licensed Psychologist Dr. Michelle Carcel said she's heard from a lot of exhausted parents and has this advice, "all of us need to take a step back and realize this is an imperfect situation and mistakes will be made and that's okay."She said it's important to create a routine to set barriers with the kids. "Also putting signs in different places where there's play area time and where there's school time. So that way you're making a division with work and play," Carcel added.Post a schedule somewhere that everyone can read, so the kids know when parents are busy and when they can have their attention.She suggests dividing and conquering if possible. Enlist help from your partner, or family members to divvy up the childcare responsibilities.She also said if you aren't happy about the decisions being made, let your representatives know. "You're not helpless, you're not alone, make sure you advocate for you and your family," Carcel said.Most importantly, don't forget to take care of yourself."I would just like to tell all the mommas and the daddies to stay strong if they're at home with their kids, it's a lot," Campbell said.A lot to handle, but a labor of love. 2320
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