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A survey of parents across the United States estimates that one in 40 children has autism spectrum disorder, according to a study published Monday in the journal Pediatrics.In other words, the condition was reported in 2.5% of children, representing an estimated 1.5 million kids ages 3 to 17.A report released this year by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated the prevalence at one in 59 children or about 1.7%, based on 2014 data."Prevalence is not growing that rapidly, although the CDC's data suggests it is still growing," Thomas Frazier, chief science officer of the advocacy organization Autism Speaks, said in an emailed statement. He was not involved in the new report."What is happening is that these studies use methods that are a bit more liberal and inclusive than the CDC's methods," Frazier said, adding that he prefers the CDC's numbers but understands "that they are likely a bit conservative."The new study is based on the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health, which was conducted by the US Census Bureau and which collected information from parents of more than 50,000 children up to age 17. To be included in the estimate, parents would have had to report that their child had ever received a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and that they currently had the condition.The new numbers were also slightly lower than those in the 2017 National Health Interview Survey. It estimated that 2.76% of children had ever received such a diagnosis, which the authors of the new report note is a broader definition.The fact that the new study relies on parental reporting -- which is not validated by health and education records, as in the CDC report -- may be a limitation despite the broad scope of the research, the authors say.Frazier said the 1-in-40 figure is "generally consistent with previous parent surveys and other direct prevalence studies where researchers directly screen for and attempt to identify autism."The parents in the new study also reported more difficulties getting the health care their children need, versus those with Down syndrome, or other behavioral disorder, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder."Though we've seen progress in recent years, this confirms what we know from our parents -- that many children face unacceptable delays in getting a diagnostic evaluation, even after parents, teachers or other caregivers have recognized the signs of autism," Frazier said.In the new study, more than a quarter of children with autism spectrum disorder were taking medication for symptoms related to the condition, and nearly two-thirds have received "behavioral treatments" in the past year, the study says.It also found a higher prevalence for autism spectrum disorder among certain groups such as boys, children of single mothers and households below the federal poverty level, compared with those at least four times above that income threshold.The differences between the new study's numbers and those of the CDC study might be explained by the years they were conducted, the ages of children studied and where they lived, according to the new study.The CDC report was based on data collected from 11 communities across the country but was not necessarily nationally representative, according to that report's co-author Daisy Christensen, surveillance team lead in the developmental disabilities branch of the CDC's National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities."Parents know their child best," Christensen, who was not involved in the new report, previously told CNN. "We want to encourage parents to be aware of their child's development, to be aware of the milestones that children achieve."Autism spectrum disorder, a lifelong developmental disability, is characterized by problems with communication and social interaction with accompanying repetitive behavior patterns.The authors note that it's difficult to compare the new report with prior iterations due to updates in how the survey collected its data and how questions were worded."We cannot tell what proportion was explained by internal survey changes rather than external factors," the authors wrote.Still, the report comes as estimated prevalences of the disorder have been rising for decades."Over the '80s and '90s, the diagnostic criteria expanded to include more children," Christensen said, "so I think that's definitely a possibility for the increase that we've seen."In the past, more than half of children identified with autism also had intellectual disability, and now it's about a third, she said. "And that's really consistent with identifying children who are perhaps at the milder end of the spectrum."The new study's authors also note that universal screening recommendations in the 2000s may have led to a rise in prevalence among younger children, for example."Because there is no biological marker, [autism spectrum disorder] is a particularly challenging condition to track," the authors note.But understanding how common it is allows health experts to distribute resources and get families the help they need, according to Frazier."Having prevalence estimates -- even if there is some variation -- helps us to advocate for improved screening, diagnosis, interventions and supports," he said. 5314

A visitor to Yellowstone National Park was injured by a grizzly bear while hiking near Old Faithful on Monday.According to a park press release, the 37-year-old woman from Missouri was hiking alone on the Fairy Falls Trail when she encountered two grizzly bears "at very close range."One of the bears knocked the woman down, and she suffered a scratch on her thigh. The woman also received minor injuries to her face from the fall. She declined medical attention.The park said the woman attempted to use bear spray during the encounter."From the injured person's statements, this appears to be a typical case of a mother grizzly bear protecting her offspring following a close-range encounter," said Kerry Gunther, a bear management biologist. "Because this bear was displaying natural protective behavior for its cub, no action will be taken against the bear. Several trails in the area will be closed to give the grizzly family group time to clear from the area."Monday's incident marks the first time a bear has injured a visitor in Yellowstone in 2020. The last time a bear injured a visitor in the park was in June 2019 when a black bear bit into an occupied tent and bruised a woman's thigh.Following the incident, the Fairy Falls Trail was cleared of hikers. The trail and surrounding area have been temporarily closed.The park provided these guidelines to protect both hikers and bears:- Hike in groups of three or more people- Carry bear spray and know how to use it- Be alert and make noise- Stay out of areas that are closed for bear management- Don't hike at dawn, dusk, or at night when grizzly bears are most active- If need be, turn around and go the other way to avoid interacting with a wild animal- When an animal is near a trail, boardwalk, parking lot, or in a developed area, give it space.-Stay 25 yards away from all large animals — bison, elk, bighorn sheep, deer, moose, and coyotes and at least 100 yards away from bears and wolves.This story was originally published by KTVQ in Billings, Montana. 2031

A Saudi mission that resulted in the apparent death of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in Istanbul was organized by a high-ranking officer with the General Intelligence Presidency, Saudi Arabia's main intelligence service, three sources familiar with the case told CNN.One of those sources described the officer as close to the inner circle of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. It is unclear whether the crown prince authorized an interrogation, abduction or killing. Several officials CNN spoke with said the mission could not have happened without the direct knowledge of the 33-year-old crown prince, the kingdom's de facto ruler, who is known by his initials "MBS."A second source said the officer assembled and sent his own team to interrogate Khashoggi. They suspected Khashoggi of having ties to the kingdom's arch rival, Qatar, the source said. There has been no evidence to substantiate Khashoggi had such ties.Another source told CNN the mission's organizer was not transparent about what he told Riyadh, which, the source said, explained why the government had no clear information for days. 1105

A public school administrator in Nashville has resigned following the disclosure of a secret recording where he plotted to bypass filters designed to protect children from exposure to lead in their water.Metro Nashville Public Schools (MNPS) executive director of facilities Dennis Neal, resigned Friday, according to MNPS communications director Olivia Brown. Neal had been placed on administrative leave while the district investigated.Neal's resignation came less than a week after Scripps station WTVF in Nashville?uncovered the recording from inside a meeting of schools maintenance employees.Recording Reveals Plan To 'Bypass' Lead FilterFor the past nine months, WVTF has exposed data kept secret by the district showing high lead levels in some Metro schools. Lead is a toxic metal that can cause learning and behavioral problems in children.In response, a number of schools installed special fountains that were supposed to filter out the lead. Some of them were purchased by parents themselves.But the recording revealed Neal's plan to dismantle those efforts.Listen to the audio below:"People keep wanting these bottle fillers, but they are adamant about them being filtered," Neal told his employees. "I'm saying we cannot support it.From the beginning, Neal downplayed the threat posed by lead in the schools' drinking water  -- despite results showing levels well above what pediatricians say is safe. Audio Sparks Outrage, Mayor Calls For AnswerStill, some 30 schools installed hydration stations specifically designed to filter out the lead — some of them purchased by the parents themselves.On the recording, Neal revealed: "I did ask Troy if he would have one of his guys go through the exercise of bypassing the filter just to see how that works."But those fountains are equipped with lights that show when the filters are working and when they need to be replaced.So Neal's team came up with a solution for that, too."We've got to figure out what we are going to do with these hundred, or 97, filtered ones that we have out there," Neal told his subordinates. An unidentified woman interrupted, "Bust the light out.""Huh, do what?" Neal asked."Take the light bulb out," she answered."Well, that's one thing," Neal agreed. "But we need to also probably, if we can, bypass the filter."Neal's concern was money.MNPS Spokesperson Questions Need For Filters"If we were to replace a filter, you're talking — I don't know if any of y'all have bought them  — it's something like 70 or 80 bucks," Neal said.An unidentified man responded, "."Neal said, "That's almost ,000 a year just for filters, OK, on what we have now."After disclosure of the record, Schools Director Dr. Shawn Joseph condemned the comments captured on the recording."As a parent of two Metro Schools children and as the Director of Schools, the idea that a supervisor would discuss a workaround on our water fountains knowing that this is a huge concern for many families is upsetting and unacceptable," Joseph said.Nashville Mayor David Briley also said that "obviously, if the report is true, that person shouldn't  be responsible for protecting our children from lead in their drinking water."  3312

A mild winter could be in store for much of the United States, according to the seasonal forecast released Thursday by NOAA.States from the Pacific Northwest through the Northern Plains and into the Northeast are likely to see above-average temperatures, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Prediction Center reported.No parts of the country are due to see a colder-than-normal winter.Meantime, drier-than-average conditions are expected for the Great Lakes and portions of the Northern Rockies and the Northern Plains.Those factors could mean less snow from the Mountain West to the Midwest, where lake-effect-snow season is right around the corner.Even so, it's no time to ditch the shovels and heavy winter jackets, with NOAA warning that its forecast does not mean the winter of 2018-2019 will not feature major snowstorms."Even during a warmer-than-average winter, periods of cold temperatures and snowfall are still likely to occur," the agency stated in its outlook. 1007