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BEIJING, Feb. 25 (Xinhua) -- Senior members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) met Wednesday to discuss the agenda of the annual conference in March.     Jia Qinglin, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, presided over the meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th CPPCC National Committee. The fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is held in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 25, 2009During the three-day meeting, the senior political advisors will set an agenda for the Second Session of the 11th CPPCC National Committee, discuss and approve a work report of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee, and study a report on the handling of proposals put forward by CPPCC members at last year's annual meeting.     The CPPCC reflects China's "multi-party cooperation system" under the leadership of the CPC.     The CPPCC committees at different levels have representatives from different political groups, ethnic groups, and people of all walks of life.

BEIJING, Feb. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and Russia on Tuesday signed seven agreements on a package cooperation program for energy resources.     The agreements include a pipeline construction project, a long-term crude oil trading deal and a financing scheme between the China Development Bank and the Russia Oil Pipeline Transport Company, according to a source with the Chinese Foreign Ministry. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) meets with Russian Deputy Prime Minister Igor Sechin at Zhongnanhai in Beijing, China, on Feb. 17, 2009According to the agreements, the crude oil trading volume is estimated to reach 15 million tonnes, the source added.     The signing ceremony was witnessed by Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan and visiting Russian Deputy Prime Minister Igor Sechin.     During the previous talks held between the two, Wang highlighted that the strengthening of the bilateral energy cooperation between the two sides would help stabilize the two economies.     "We hope the two sides will give a full play to the bilateral energy negotiation mechanism to promote the bilateral energy cooperation to score substantial outcomes," Wang told Sechin.     The Russian deputy prime minister agreed with Wang's views, calling on the two countries to step up cooperation in such fields as energy and finance and make joint efforts to guarantee the contracted projects be implemented according to the agreed roadmap and schedule.     The two sides also agreed that the bilateral energy cooperation already scored a "substantial step forward." Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (R) shakes hands with his Russian counterpart Igor Sechin at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 17, 2009. Senior Chinese and Russian officials headed by Wang and Sechin held a high-level energy negotiators' meeting here on Tuesday.In a following meeting with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, Sechin said that the achievements of this visit indicated the high level of the bilateral strategic partnership of cooperation.     Russia would work with China to make more achievements to celebrate this year's 60th anniversary of forging diplomatic ties, Sechin said.     Wen said the agreements are fruits of friendly and strategic cooperation between the two countries, adding the cooperation is of high significance for the two countries to work together to cope with the international financial crisis and advance their relations.     The energy cooperation between the two nations is long-term, comprehensive and sustainable, Wen said, hoping that the related organs would act promptly to implement all the agreements.     Official statistics showed that Russian-Chinese bilateral trade posted a rapid growth in the first half of last year but slowed in the second half, especially in the fourth quarter, as the global economic turmoil spread.     Trade between the two countries was valued at 56.8 billion U.S. dollars last year, up 18 percent year-on-year. It was sharply down from 44.3 percent of growth rate in 2007, according to data from the General Administration of Customs.     Russia's gross domestic product (GDP) grew only 5.6 percent year-on-year in 2008 because of the financial crisis and drastic decline in income from oil exports. The growth rate was 2.5 percentage points lower than a year-earlier level.

LONDON, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- China's mining giant Aluminium Corporation of China (Chinalco) announced here on Thursday it will inject 19.5 billion U.S. dollars in cash into Rio Tinto.     The cash injection is regarded as "firepower" for Rio Tinto, against the global economic downturn, Tom Albanese, chief executive of Rio Tinto, said. Xiao Yaqing, president of Chinalco, said following the signing of an agreement on investment that the investment is a show of confidence in both China and the world, adding that "the strategic partnership with Rio Tinto will prove to be valuable and successful." Xiao Yaqing (L), general manager of Aluminum Corp. of China (Chinalco), shakes hands with Rio Tinto Group chairman Paul Skinner at the signing ceremony in London, Britain, Feb. 12, 2009. Chinalco announced Thursday it would invest 19.5 billion U.S. dollars in mining giant Rio Tinto Group, bailing out the latter while securing for the state-owned Chinese company access to more resources    As the leading Chinese diversified resources company, Chinalco's investment puts more emphasis on potential future values than on short-term returns, Xiao said.     The transaction will forge a pioneering strategic partnership through the creation of joint ventures in aluminium, copper, and iron ore as well as the issue of convertible bonds to Chinalco, which would, if converted, allow Chinalco to increase its existing shareholding in Rio Tinto to about 18 percent.     The transaction is still to be approved by shareholders of Rio Tinto, governments and other regulators.     Albanese said the transaction will position Rio Tinto to lead the resources industry into the next decade and beyond by ensuring the continuity of its strategy.     The new partnership with the Chinese company "will benefit from Chinalco's strong relationships within China, which Rio Tinto believes will continue to be the main driver of growth in commodity markets over the longer term," Albanese said.     He said the Chinalco relationship will also help Rio Tinto to seek project funding from Chinese financial institutions.

BEIJING, March 26 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank governor has spoken highly of the government's rapid responses to the current global financial crisis, featuring decisively adopting a proactive fiscal policy and an adaptively easing monetary policy, and launching a bundle of timely, targeted and temporary policies and measures.     The prompt, decisive and effective policy measures adopted by the Chinese government demonstrates "its superior system advantage when it comes to making vital policy decisions," says Zhou Xiaochuan, president of the People's Bank of China (PBC), in an article entitled "Changing Pro-cyclicality for Financial and Economic Stability."     It is Zhou's third article published on the central bank's official website (WWW.PBC.GOV.CN) this week to discuss the issue of the current global financial crisis. His first and second articles, published on Monday and Tuesday, are entitled "Reform the International Monetary System" and "On Savings Ratio," respectively.     In the third article, the 61-year old central bank governor tries to find out the root causes for the current financial crisis, including but not limited to lessons on monetary policy, financial sector regulations, accounting rules.     The top Chinese banker says he wants to stimulate debate and discussions on some of the pro-cyclical features in the system, possible remedial measures, and how monetary and fiscal authorities can play their professional roles at times of severe market distress.     "Financial crises normally originate in the accumulation of bubbles and their subsequent bursts. Usually, economists pay a lot of attentions to pro-cyclicality on the macro level.     However, on the micro level, there are quite a number of notable pro-cyclical features embedded in the market structure today, which should be addressed as we deal with the current crisis and reform the financial system," he says.     Zhou suggests that in the current market structure, more counter-cyclical mechanisms or negative feedback loops on micro-level should be put in place to sustain a more stable financial system.     In the article, he notes that rating problems and herding phenomenon arise from outsourcing.     The global financial system relies heavily on the external credit ratings for investment decisions and risk management, giving rise to a prominent feature of pro-cyclicality, according to the central bank governor.     "Economic upswings produce euphoria and downturns generate pessimism," he says, "Many market players adopting ratings from the three agencies and using them as the yardstick for operations and internal performance assessments clearly result in a massive "herd behavior" at the institutional level."     Zhou points out that some market players seem to have forgotten that the ratings are no more than indicators of default probabilities based on past experiences but were never meant to be guarantees for the future, he says. "Once problems take place, as we have seen during the current crisis, fingers are pointed to the rating agencies," he says.     He suggests that financial institutions should try to rely more on internal rating in assessing risks.     He calls for giving full play to the professional role of authorities in maintaining overall financial stability and establishing a counter-cyclical mechanism for capital requirement     "To stabilize markets under severe stress, finance ministries and central banks need to act fast and apply extraordinary measures," he says, "Untimely or delayed response falls behind the curve and would make the outcome less than desired even if the response is correct and strong."     In modern Western societies, a prolonged political process for mandates to finance ministries or central banks often miss the best timing for action, Zhou says, adding, "We have observed such cases during the current crisis."     He suggests that governments and legislatures may consider giving pre-authorized mandates to ministries of finance and central banks to use extraordinary means to contain systemic risk under well-defined stress scenarios, in order to allow them to act boldly and expeditiously without having to go through a lengthy or even painful approval process.     "Such systematic pre-authorized mandates would put the specialized expertise of finance ministries and central banks to the best use when markets need it the most," he stresses.     The central bank governor attributes China's current success in easing the impacts of the crisis to the country's financial sector reform and ongoing macroeconomic stimulus measures     In 2003, fully aware of the systemic vulnerabilities of China's banking industry, the Chinese government made a courageous and strategic decision to restructure the four state-owned commercial banks, says Zhou, who took over as the PBC governor in late 2002.     In the article, Zhou gives a look back on the reforms of the country's major banks and security industry.     But he warns, "We should bear in mind that despite the notable achievements in banking reform, the major banks have not gone through a full business cycle and still have much to improve. An economic slowdown will be the ultimate stress test for the robustness of the banks' strengths."     According to the bank governor, irrespective of China's sound financial sector, the Chinese economy, especially the export sector, has felt the impact brought by the slowdown of the global economy.     He praises the Chinese government for its plans to stimulate domestic demand and promote stable and relatively rapid economic growth, including the extra investment of 4 trillion yuan (685 billion U.S. dollars) in over two years, the ten measures to revitalize the industrial sectors, and other bolster measures to increase money supply, promote employment, reform taxes and medical and healthcare system.     "Having taken the above-mentioned measures, China expect to maintain stable economic growth by boosting domestic demand and reducing dependence on external demand, thus serving as a stabilizing force in global economy," Zhou says.     In overall, the macroeconomic measures have produced preliminary result and some leading indicators are pointing to recovery of economic growth, indicating that rapid decline in growth has been curbed, he concludes.

BEIJING, April 10 (Xinhua) -- China unveiled Friday an investment guide book to help domestic firms make foreign investments.     The first batch of the guide book released Friday by the Ministry of Commerce covers 20 countries, such as Pakistan, Thailand, Malaysia and Japan.     The guide book includes investment laws and regulations of the 20 countries and statistics about individual countries among other useful information such as advice on problems that firms may encounter.     The ministry said it would unveil more of the guide book to cover as many as 160 countries and regions by the end of June, and it would update the guideline.     "It can be a good time now for Chinese firms to invest overseas," said Li Ruogu, president of the Export-Import Bank of China (China Exim), "as banks have been instructed to support overseas mergers and acquisitions of Chinese firms."     He said Chinese firms should increase their investment in developing countries such as Mongolia and those in Africa, Southeast Asia and Latin America.     Li said such investment could be mutually beneficial for China and investment-receiving countries.     He said investment-receiving countries could expect a boost to the economy with the combination of China's capital and local resources.     Large overseas investment and aid programs of Chinese firms may also boost imports from China and create more employment for Chinese labor, therefore contribute to China's economic growth as well, he added.     He argued that such investment of domestic firms could be supplementary to the country's other plans to stimulate the economy.     China announced a four-trillion-yuan stimulus package aimed at expanding domestic consumption after the financial crisis slashed overseas demand, in a bid to shift its heavy reliance on exports.     Keen to contain the falling exports, the government had also taken various measures, including raising export rebates six times since August last year, to save the failing sector. Figures released Friday showed China's exports continued to fall in March, for the fifth month in a row, but at a slower pace.     Li said encouraging domestic firms to invest overseas could be another option, when the financial crisis is yet to bottom out and it will take some time before domestic demand could take off.     "It's definitely the right choice to rely more on domestic consumption for growth in a country with a 1.3 billion population, which has great market potential," he said, adding that heavy reliance would be unsustainable.     The World Trade Organization has predicted a 9-percent decline in global trade this year, the sharpest drop since World War II.     "But there is a long way to go before domestic consumption will be able to fuel economic growth."     "The country's overall purchasing capacity is not powerful enough yet," he said. China's per capita income of urban residents stood at 15,781 yuan (2,321 U.S. dollars) in 2008, with that of the rural population at 4,761 yuan.

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