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SAN FRANCISCO, June 14 (Xinhua) -- Apple updated its online store on Tuesday to begin offering unlocked models of iPhone 4 in the United States for the first time."The unlocked iPhone 4 requires an active micro-SIM card that you obtain from a supported GSM wireless carrier," said Apple in the product description. The iPhone requires a smaller version of the standard SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card.Started at 649 U.S. dollars for the 16 GB version, the unlocked model is a GSM phone, which means, in the United States, the phone runs on networks of T-Mobile or AT&T, although it can only send data over T-Mobile's old EDGE network, not its 3G network and the faster HSPA+ network.Verizon and Sprint, the other two major U.S. wireless carriers, both use CDMA networks that do not use SIM cards.The iPhone 4 has been sold unlocked in other countries. For frequent international travelers, an unlocked iPhone means they just need to pop in a micro-SIM card for whichever country they are going, avoiding provider's high international fees.According to Apple, iPhone sales grew 113 percent year over year in the second quarter of its fiscal 2011, reaching a record high of 18.65 million units.

SAN FRANCISCO, July 28 (Xinhua) -- Global marketing and advertising research company Nielson on Thursday said in its latest survey that Google's Android operating system (OS) continued to dominate the U.S. smartphone market in June.According to Nielson's June survey of mobile consumers, the Android OS claims the largest share of the U.S. consumer smartphone market with 39 percent. Apple's iOS is in second place with 28 percent while RIM Blackberry is down to 20 percent.Microsoft's Windows Phone 7 OS had a 9 percent share of the market while HP webOS (Palm) accounted for 2 percent as did Nokia' s Symbian.In Nielson's May survey, 38 percent of smartphone consumers had a device powered by Android, compared to 27 percent for Apple's iOS for iPhones and 21 percent for RIM Blackberry.Talking about the manufacturer share, Apple is the No.1 in the U.S. as it is the only company manufacturing smartphones with the iOS, said the report.Other leading manufacturers include HTC, whose Android phones represents 14 percent of the smartphone market and whose Windows Mobile/WP7 devices accounted for 6 percent of the market.Motorola's Android devices are owned by 11 percent of smartphone consumers. Samsung's Android devices are used by 8 percent of smartphone consumers and its Windows Phone 7 devices take a 2 percent share, said Nielson.

CANBERRA, Aug. 17 (Xinhua) -- Australian scientist on Wednesday said his international research team has discovered the trick on how butterfly learn to change its wing pattern to avoid being eaten by birds.The Amazonian butterfly, Heliconius numata, has learnt to carry out a single genetic switch to alter its wing pattern so it appears to be another bad-tasting butterfly that birds will avoid.Dr. Siu Fai (Ronald) Lee from the Department of Genetics and Bio21 Institute at Australia's University of Melbourne was part of the international research team, which was led by scientists at Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the University of Exeter in United Kingdom.Dr. Lee said the historical mystery had puzzled researchers for decades."Charles Darwin was puzzled by how butterflies evolved such similar patterns of warning coloration," Dr. Siu Fai (Ronald) Lee from the Department of Genetics and Bio21 Institute at the University of Melbourne told Western Australia Today."We have now solved this mystery, identifying the region of chromosome responsible for changing wing pattern."He said the research team identified a genetic switch known as a supergene, which allowed the butterfly to morph into several different forms, allowing one species to mimic another."It is amazing that by changing just one small region of the chromosomes, the butterfly is able to fool its predators by mimicking a range of different butterflies that taste bad," he said."The butterflies rearrange this supergene DNA like a small pack of cards, and the result is new wing patterns. It means that butterflies look completely different but have the same DNA."There are other butterflies doing similar tricks, but this is the most elegant one."I was just fascinated by how elegant they were."He said the discovery proves that small chromosomal changes can preserve successful gene combinations, and thus help a species to adapt.The findings of the study are published on August 14 in the international journal Nature.

HONG KONG, July 19 (Xinhua) -- A gene controlled by male hormone was critical for the growth of liver tumor, leading to a higher incidence of the disease in men than in women, according to the Chinese University of Hong Kong which made the results public on Tuesday.There is a significant gender bias in liver cancer incidence. In Hong Kong, men are three times more likely to develop liver cancer than women. Such phenomenon prompted researchers from the university to carry out a genomic location analysis in liver cancer cells starting from 2008.The researchers discovered, out of 17,000 human genes, that a gene called Cell Cycle-Related Kinase (CCRK) was directly controlled by androgen receptor. They further found that CCRK was critical for the induction of signaling pathway leading to abnormal liver cell growth and tumor formation.The results also reveal that 70 percent of patients with liver cancer were found to produce high levels of CCRK. More importantly, these patients were more likely to have late-stage cancers and lived shorter than those with low CCRK level.Using mouse models, the researchers found that either lowering the level or blocking the signaling pathway of CCRK in liver cancer cells could significantly reduce the tumor growth rate.The study has validated that CCRK is an important gene that has potential to cause liver cancer and the gene can be tested as a new targeted therapy in future.Vice-Chancellor of the university Joseph Sung, who is also team leader of the research project, said the results explained why men have a higher risk of liver cancer than women and helped push ahead with the development of a novel treatment of the disease.The above study results were published online in July in Journal of Clinical Investigation.

BEIJING, July 19 (Xinhuanet) -- Amazon on Monday launched its Kindle textbook rental service, which allows students to rent "tens of thousands of textbooks", according to Los Angeles Times.The e-book textbook rental service will help students save as much as 80 percent on some titles.Amazon said that students can now rent textbooks from 30 to 360 days and can either rent them again or purchase them once the rental period is up."Students tell us that they enjoy the low prices we offer on new and used print textbooks. Now we're excited to offer students an option to rent Kindle textbooks and only pay for the time they need—with savings up to 80 percent off the print list price on a 30-day rental," Dave Limp, vice president of Amazon Kindle said, according to PC Magazine.Rentals can be read on Amazon's Kindle eReaders, and Kindle apps for PCs, as well as smartphones and tablet computers running Apple's iOS, Microsoft Windows Phone 7 and Google's Android operating system.Rentals also have a clear advantage over physical copies that students' notes and highlighted content will be stored in the Amazon Cloud, and can be accessed if students rent the books again or buy at a later time.