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WASHINGTON, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) -- In a trial that included about 35,000 men, those who were randomized to receive daily supplementation with vitamin E had a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer, according to a study published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association.The study followed more than 35,533 men 50 or older at 427 sites in the United States, Canada and Puerto Rico. The men were divided into four groups who took daily doses of 400 international units of Vitamin E and 200 micrograms of selenium; Vitamin E and a placebo that looked like selenium; selenium and a placebo that looked like Vitamin E; or two placebos. The recommended daily intake of Vitamin E is about 22.4 international units.The researchers from the Cleveland Clinic found that the rate of prostate cancer detection was greater in all treatment groups when compared with placebo but was statistically significant only in the vitamin E alone group -- a 17 percent increased rate of prostate cancer detection. The difference in rates of prostate cancer between vitamin E and placebo became apparent during the participants' third year in the trial. The elevated risk estimate for vitamin E was consistent across both low- and high-grade disease."The observed 17 percent increase in prostate cancer incidence demonstrates the potential for seemingly innocuous yet biologically active substances such as vitamins to cause harm. The lack of benefit from dietary supplementation with vitamin E or other agents with respect to preventing common health conditions and cancers or improving overall survival, and their potential harm, underscore the need for consumers to be skeptical of health claims for unregulated over-the-counter products in the absence of strong evidence of benefit demonstrated in clinical trials," the researchers said.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- Overweight or obesity may put children at three times greater risk for high blood pressure than those of normal weight, according to researchers from the Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University (IU) School of Medicine.Their study will appear in the November issue of Hypertension: Journal of the American Heart Association with advance online publication on Monday.More than 1,100 healthy Indiana school children were followed for nearly five years. The researchers found that when body mass index (BMI) reached or exceeded the 85th percentile for the age and gender of the child -- designated as being overweight -- the risk of high blood pressure nearly tripled. Obesity was defined as a BMI percentile higher than 95th. BMI is a measurement of body fat calculated from weight and height.Among study participants, 14 percent of overweight or obese children were pre-hypertensive or hypertensive, compared with 5 percent of normal weight children. These findings were consistent across age, gender and race.The average age at time of study enrollment was 10.2 years. Each child was assessed approximately eight times during the course of the study. All were healthy children and none were taking medication affecting blood pressure."Higher blood pressure in childhood sets the stage for high blood pressure in adulthood," said Regenstrief Institute Investigator Wanzhu Tu, professor of biostatistics at IU School of Medicine, who led the study. "Targeted interventions are needed for these children. Even small decreases in BMI could yield major health benefits."The researcher also found that leptin, a protein hormone which is involved in body weight regulation and metabolism, was positively associated with increased blood pressure in overweight and obese children.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- The Rockefeller University confirmed Monday its Canadian-born cell biologist Ralph Steinman died three days before being awarded the Nobel Prize on Monday as the Nobel committee was unaware of his death at the time."Steinman passed away on September 30," the New York university said in a statement."He was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer four years ago, and his life was extended using a dendritic-cell based immunotherapy of his own design."The Nobel committee was unaware of Steinman's death when announcing this year's winners and it was unclear whether the prize would be rescinded because Nobel statutes don't allow posthumous award."The Rockefeller University is delighted that the Nobel Foundation has recognized Ralph Steinman for his seminal discoveries concerning the body's immune responses," says Rockefeller University President Marc Tessier-Lavigne."But the news is bittersweet, as we also learned this morning from Ralph's family that he passed a few days ago after a long battle with cancer. Our thoughts are with Ralph's wife, children and family.""We are all so touched that our father's many years of hard work are being recognized with a Nobel Prize," says Steinman's daughter Alexis. "He devoted his life to his work and his family, and he would be truly honored.""Ralph's research has laid the foundation for numerous discoveries in the critically important field of immunology, and it has led to innovative new approaches in how we treat cancer, infectious diseases and disorders of the immune system," Tessier-Lavigne says.Steinman, who discovered the immune system's sentinel dendritic cells, is this year's recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He shares half the prize with Bruce Beutler and Jules Hoffmann.